佑手 發表於 2020-9-27 17:15:00

计算机编程语言的理解、进制转换、二进制和汇编语言的关系

<h1><span style="font-size: 14pt">一、计算机编程语言的一套什么系统?</span></h1>
<p>数学是一种语言</p>
<p>汉语是一种语言</p>
<p>英语也是一种语言</p>
<p>互相交流的</p>
<p>表示系统</p>
<p>同样的表示系统&nbsp; 编码系统</p>
<p>11+1=2</p>
<p><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 0, 1)">计算机编程语言是一套表示系统</span>,人类和计算机相互交流的</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>计算机编程语言</p>
<p>汇编语言          &nbsp; &nbsp; 低级语言&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 低级的表示系统</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>c语言            &nbsp; &nbsp;高级语言     高级的表示系统</p>
<p>c++语言           &nbsp; 高级语言</p>
<p>Java语言          &nbsp; &nbsp; 高级语言</p>
<p>python             高级语言</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>汇编语言提供了一种 观测手段 从机器角度思考问题的 思维方式</p>
<p>☆★☆★☆通过观测不断做实验 吸收好的表示自己的思维方式 形成自己的编程思想</p>
<p>将我们的思维方式 用计算机编程语言 这套表示系统 表示出来而已</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h1>二、进制</h1>
<h2>十进制</h2>
<p>十进制——》位的概念——》数轴表示法</p>
<p>每一个数字在每一个位上所代表的意义并不一样</p>
<p>437</p>
<p>=400+30+7</p>
<p>=4x100+3x10+7x1</p>
<p>=4x10²+3x10¹+7x10º</p>
<h2>二进制</h2>
<p>1011</p>
<p>=1x2³+0x2²+1x2¹+1x2º</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2><span style="font-size: 14pt">十进制转换成二进制</span></h2>
<h2><span style="font-size: 14pt"><img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1989795/202009/1989795-20200926112501668-326893345.png"></span></h2>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>&nbsp;</h2>
<p>&nbsp;1有0无</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 18px; background-color: rgba(255, 153, 0, 1)">观察发现一个数字除以10只会出现余数是1或者余数为0两种情况</span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>推理出一种新的计算方式&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;观察思考</p>
<h2>♦十进制转换成二进制快速</h2>
<p><img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1989795/202009/1989795-20200927160958269-104360406.png"></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>十六进制——》逢十六进一</h2>
<p><span style="font-size: 18pt">0123456789ABCDEF</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 18pt">十六进制后面加H&nbsp; &nbsp;hex</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 18pt">二进制后面加B&nbsp; &nbsp;binary</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 18pt"><img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1989795/202009/1989795-20200927161559170-1955979256.png"></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2><span style="font-size: 18pt">十进制转换为十六进制</span></h2>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt">&nbsp;除以十六才可能产生0~15的余数</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt"><img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1989795/202009/1989795-20200927162100361-1585331508.png"></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>十进制快速转换为十六进制</h2>
<p><img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1989795/202009/1989795-20200927162556889-863793129.png"><img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1989795/202009/1989795-20200927162719100-345013494.png"></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>十六进制和二进制之间快速相互转换(重要)</h2>
<p>&nbsp;<img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1989795/202009/1989795-20200927163051033-1858359210.png">用四个二进制位表示一个十六进制</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1989795/202009/1989795-20200927163444391-1218538362.png"><img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1989795/202009/1989795-20200927163717437-318732398.png"></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 18pt">思考</span></p>
<p><img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1989795/202009/1989795-20200927164205342-447723114.png"><span style="font-size: 14pt">0多用加,0少用减</span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2><span style="font-size: 14pt">二进制和汇编语言的关系</span></h2>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt">计算机是由什么驱动?&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;电</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt">光有电?&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 机器由很多部件组成&nbsp; &nbsp; 组织在一起运行&nbsp; 指令 告诉他这里怎么做 那里怎么做</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;机器指令&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;010101010101B</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt">CPU的部件&nbsp; &nbsp;中央处理器</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt">将一串二进制数字&nbsp; 转换成高低电平&nbsp; 驱动计算机的运行</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt">&nbsp;010101010101&nbsp;</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt">&nbsp;010101010101</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt">&nbsp;010101010101</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt">&nbsp;010101010101</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt">DOSBOX&nbsp; -debug&nbsp; &nbsp;-u</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 0, 1)">相同的一串十六进制数:某种编号&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 十六进制数&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;一些英语单词的简写+数字</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt"><img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1989795/202009/1989795-20200927170741896-807860480.png"></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt">英语单词的简写&nbsp; 更贴近人类的思维</span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt">计算机只懂0和1,要通过翻译软件(叫做编译器)</span></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt">汇编语言</span></span></span></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt">1、汇编指令&nbsp; &nbsp;通过编译器 也就是翻译软件&nbsp; 翻译成机器指令&nbsp; 也叫做机器码</span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt">2、伪指令&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 告诉编译器 也就是翻译软件 您这里怎么翻译那里怎么翻译</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt">3、符号指令&nbsp; &nbsp;+-*/&nbsp; 编译器管的</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>一些问题</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt">①什么是机器指令?&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0101010101</span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt">②机器指令由谁执行?&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;CPU</span></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt">③机器指令和汇编指令有什么关系?&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;通过编译器也就是翻译软件&nbsp; 汇编指令可以翻译成 机器指令</span></span></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt">④什么是编译器?&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 翻译软件</span></span></span></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt">⑤什么是伪指令?&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;告诉翻译软件这里怎么翻译,那里怎么翻译</span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p><br><br>
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/hsp1269/p/13734389.html
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