多类型适配器

塞北游侠 發表於 2025-7-1 14:58:00

优势：
1、适配器通用，无论针对什么列表样式
2、viewholder分离，业务逻辑拆分到具体的item
3、复用性扩展性更强
首先看viewholder，没有复杂的业务逻辑
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<pre>open class BaseViewHolder(val mBinding: ViewBinding) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(mBinding.root) {

fun setClick(clickRoot: View, clickListener: ((Int) -> Unit)?) {
 AnimatorUtil.pressView(
 clickRoot, Runnable { clickListener?.invoke(bindingAdapterPosition) }
 )
 clickRoot.setOnClickListener { clickListener?.invoke(bindingAdapterPosition) }
}

}</pre>
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适配器想要通用，就不能有业务逻辑，需要解耦
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<pre>import android.view.ViewGroup
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
import com.zeekr.screensaver.home.holder.ScreenMainHolderFactory

/**
* @author liuzhen
* 多类型适配器
* */
open class BaseAdapter : RecyclerView.Adapter<BaseViewHolder>() {

var itemClickListener: ((Int) -> Unit)? = null
private val list = mutableListOf<IBaseItem>()

override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int) =
 ScreenMainHolderFactory.onCreateViewHolder(parent, viewType, itemClickListener)

override fun getItemCount() = list.size

fun getItem(position: Int) = list

fun getItems() = list

override fun getItemViewType(position: Int) = getItem(position).itemType.value

override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: BaseViewHolder, position: Int) {
 getItem(position).bind(holder, position)
}

override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: BaseViewHolder, position: Int, payloads: List<Any?>) {
 getItem(position).bind(holder, position, payloads)
}

fun setItems(newList: MutableList<IBaseItem>) {
 list.clear()
 list.addAll(newList)
}

}</pre>
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可以看到，简化了viewholder跟adapter，那么逻辑去哪了，在bean的上面加了一层item，可以把这个bean看成是item
首先需要定义一个接口，从adapter中看到所有数据类型都是 IBaseItem
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<pre>import com.zeekr.screensaver.home.holder.ViewType

interface IBaseItem {

val itemType: ViewType

var isShowShimmer: Boolean

fun bind(holder: BaseViewHolder, position: Int, payloads: List<Any?>? = null)

}</pre>
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多类型安全，最好使用枚举
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<pre>enum class ViewType(val value: Int) {
TITLE(1), ITEM(2), BANNER(3), ME_ADD(4), ME_ITEM(5);

companion object {
 fun fromValue(value: Int) = values().firstOrNull { it.value == value }
}
}</pre>
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统一管理ViewHolder
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<pre>object ScreenMainHolderFactory {

@JvmStatic
fun onCreateViewHolder(
 parent: ViewGroup,
 viewType: Int,
 itemClickListener: ((Int) -> Unit)?
): BaseViewHolder {
 val inflater = LayoutInflater.from(parent.context)
 return when (ViewType.fromValue(viewType)) {
 ViewType.TITLE -> BaseViewHolder(
 ItemMainSubTitleBinding.inflate(inflater, parent, false)
 )

 ViewType.BANNER -> BaseViewHolder(
 ItemMainBannerBinding.inflate(inflater, parent, false)
 )

 ViewType.ME_ADD -> {
 val binding = ItemMeAddBinding.inflate(inflater, parent, false)
 BaseViewHolder(binding).also {
 it.setClick(binding.root, itemClickListener)
 }
 }

 ViewType.ME_ITEM -> {
 val binding = ItemMePhotoCardBinding.inflate(inflater, parent, false)
 BaseViewHolder(binding).also {
 it.setClick(binding.clRoot, itemClickListener)
 }
 }

 else -> {
 val binding = ItemMainPhotoCardBinding.inflate(inflater, parent, false)
 BaseViewHolder(binding).also {
 it.setClick(binding.clRoot, itemClickListener)
 }
 }
 }
}

}</pre>
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viewholder中的逻辑解耦到了item类中，先定义接口IBaseItem 
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<pre>import com.zeekr.screensaver.home.holder.ViewType

interface IBaseItem {

val itemType: ViewType

var isShowShimmer: Boolean

fun bind(holder: BaseViewHolder, position: Int, payloads: List<Any?>? = null)

}</pre>
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结合viewbinding，实现接口
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<pre>import androidx.viewbinding.ViewBinding
import com.zeekr.screensaver.home.holder.ViewType

abstract class BaseBindItem<V : ViewBinding>(val viewType: ViewType) : IBaseItem {

override val itemType = viewType
override var isShowShimmer = true

abstract fun onBindViewHolder(position: Int, mBinding: V)

open fun onBindViewHolder(position: Int, mBinding: V, payloads: List<Any?>) {}

override fun bind(holder: BaseViewHolder, position: Int, payloads: List<Any?>?) {
 @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
 val binding = holder.mBinding as V
 if (payloads.isNullOrEmpty()) {
 onBindViewHolder(position, binding)
 } else {
 onBindViewHolder(position, binding, payloads)
 }
}

}</pre>
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这样，已经根据多类型封装好了，只要根据视图，创建类型item，直接将viewholder的业务转移到了item中
比如新建一个banner类型
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<pre>class MainBannerItem(
private val list: List<ScreenItemBean>
) : BaseBindItem<ItemMainBannerBinding>(ViewType.BANNER) {

override fun onBindViewHolder(position: Int, mBinding: ItemMainBannerBinding) {
 mBinding.apply {
 if (isShowShimmer) bannerPage.onClear()
 bannerPage.start(list, bannerCarousel)
 groupContent.isInvisible = isShowShimmer
 shimmerView.isVisible = isShowShimmer
 shimmerView.setImageResource(R.drawable.icon_main_banner_loading)
 if (isShowShimmer) shimmerView.startShimmer() else shimmerView.stopShimmer()
 }
}

}</pre>
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在新建一个卡片类型
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<pre>class MePhotoCardItem(var bean: ScreenItemBean, private val currentId: Int) :
BaseBindItem<ItemMePhotoCardBinding>(ViewType.ME_ITEM) {

override fun onBindViewHolder(position: Int, mBinding: ItemMePhotoCardBinding) {
 mBinding.apply {
 tvTitle.text = bean.getTitle()
 tvTitle.setPXTextSize(R.dimen.common_sp_32)
 tvTitle.setExtTextColor(R.color.main_card_title_color)
 if (bean.isCustom()) {
 GlideCacheUtils.getInstance(root.context).glideLoadPicturePath(
 bean.customBitmap, ivPhoto
 )
 } else {
 GlideCacheUtils.getInstance(root.context).loadHomeItemUrl(bean.getUrl(), ivPhoto)
 }
 linSuite.isVisible = bean.isCabin()
 linSuite.setExtBackground(R.drawable.shape_item_main_card_suite)
 ivPhotoSuite.setExtSrc(R.drawable.icon_main_card_photo_suite)
 tvSuiteTitle.setPXTextSize(R.dimen.common_sp_20)
 tvSuiteTitle.setExtTextColor(R.color.main_card_title_suite_color)
 groupMask.isInvisible = bean.getTitle()?.isEmpty() == true
 ivCheck.isVisible = bean.isCheck(currentId)
 clRoot.isInvisible = isShowShimmer
 shimmerView.isVisible = isShowShimmer
 shimmerView.setImageResource(R.drawable.icon_main_photo_card_loading)
 if (isShowShimmer) shimmerView.startShimmer() else shimmerView.stopShimmer()
 }
}

}</pre>
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可以观察到，它其实充当bean的角色，又是独立的item
在创建一个特殊的自定义功能卡片类型
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<pre>class MeAddItem(@MeAddItemType val type: Int) : BaseBindItem<ItemMeAddBinding>(ViewType.ME_ADD) {

companion object {
 const val TYPE_AI = 0
 const val TYPE_PHOTO = 1

 @IntDef(TYPE_AI, TYPE_PHOTO)
 @Retention(AnnotationRetention.SOURCE)
 annotation class MeAddItemType
}

override fun onBindViewHolder(position: Int, mBinding: ItemMeAddBinding) {
 mBinding.apply {
 when (type) {
 TYPE_AI -> ivPhoto.setImageResource(R.drawable.icon_me_card_ai)
 else -> ivPhoto.setImageResource(R.drawable.icon_me_card_photo)
 }
 }
}

}</pre>
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随意扩展
而adapter的使用更加简单
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<pre>private val mAdapter = BaseAdapter()
init {
 val inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context)
 mBinding = LayoutScreenRecyclerBinding.inflate(inflater, this, true).apply {
 recyclerView.adapter = mAdapter
 recyclerView.layoutManager = ScreenMainGridManager(mAdapter, context)
 recyclerView.addItemDecoration(ScreenMainItemDecoration())
 }
}

private fun loadData() {
 LogUtil.d(tag, "loadData")
 lifecycleScope.launch(Dispatchers.Main) {
 val items = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
 val data = LocalResourceManager.getHistorySuits()
 val items = mutableListOf<IBaseItem>()
 items.add(MeAddItem(MeAddItem.TYPE_AI))
 items.add(MeAddItem(MeAddItem.TYPE_PHOTO))
 items.add(MainSubTitleItem(MainSubTitleItem.HISTORY))
 data.map { items.add(MePhotoCardItem(ScreenItemBean(suit = it), currentId)) }
 items
 }
 setItems(items)
 }
}

private fun loadData(list: List<TestBean>) {
 mBinding.root.isVisible = true
 val items = mutableListOf<IBaseItem>()
 list.forEach {
 items.addAll(it.map { MainPhotoCardItem(it) })
 }
 mAdapter.setItems(items)
}</pre>
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只要是基于RecyclerView，都不需要另外创建adapter，只需要新建你的类型视图，而adapter跟viewholder完全不用修改，一站式复用
局部刷新
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<pre>override fun onBindViewHolder(position: Int, mBinding: ItemMainPhotoCardBinding) {
 mBinding.apply {
 tvTitle.text = bean.getTitle()
 updateProgress(this)
 }
}

private fun updateProgress(mBinding: ItemMainPhotoCardBinding) {
 mBinding.apply {
 ivDown.isVisible = !bean.isLocal && bean.progress <= 0
 progress.isVisible = bean.progress > 0
 progress.setProgressValue(bean.progress)
 }
}

override fun onBindViewHolder(
 position: Int,
 mBinding: ItemMainPhotoCardBinding,
 payloads: List<Any?>
) {
 when (payloads[0]) {
 PAYLOAD_PROGRESS_TYPE -> updateProgress(mBinding)
 }
}</pre>
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自定义Decoration
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<pre>class ScreenMainItemDecoration : RecyclerView.ItemDecoration() {

private val bottomSideMargin =
 Utils.getApp().resources.getDimensionPixelOffset(R.dimen.common_dp_128)

override fun getItemOffsets(
 outRect: Rect,
 view: View,
 parent: RecyclerView,
 state: RecyclerView.State
) {
 val position = parent.getChildAdapterPosition(view)
 val count = parent.adapter?.itemCount ?: 0
 val isLastItem = position == count - 1
 outRect.bottom = if (isLastItem) bottomSideMargin else 0
}
}</pre>
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来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/LiuZhen/p/18959361

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多类型适配器