C语言操作数据库
<h1 id="基于c语言的控制数据库脚本">基于C语言的控制数据库脚本</h1><h2 id="开发环境基础">开发环境基础</h2>
<p>编译器：Visual Studio Community 2022<br>
数据库：MySQL 8.0.37 Community</p>
<h2 id="前戏准备">前戏准备</h2>
<ol>
<li>复制文件和路径<br>
找到MYSQL的安装目录</li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li>复制“lib文件夹里的libmysql.dll文件”<br>
例：<br>
<img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/3636053/202504/3636053-20250426145303821-375080210.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></li>
<li>复制目录下include和lib两个文件夹的路径<br>
例：<br>
D:\MySQL\include<br>
D:\MySQL\bin</li>
</ul>
<ol start="2">
<li>VS环境配置</li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li>在Visual Studio 2022新建空项目</li>
<li>项目->属性->配置属性->VC++目录->分别将include和lib文件夹的路径添加到包含目录和库目录<br>
<img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/3636053/202504/3636053-20250426150201394-89227051.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></li>
</ul>
<ol start="3">
<li>文件导入<br>
将libmysql.dll文件粘贴到Visual Studio 2022项目文件夹下<br>
例：<img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/3636053/202504/3636053-20250426150826375-374182279.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></li>
</ol>
<h2 id="代码编写">代码编写</h2>
<pre><code class="language-C">#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include <winsock.h>
#include <mysql.h>
#pragma comment (lib, "libmysql.lib")
int main()
{
//变量定义
MYSQL* conn; //数据库连接句柄
MYSQL_RES* res; //执行数据库语言结果
MYSQL_ROW row; //存放一个数据记录
char* server = "localhost";//本地连接
char* user = "root";//
char* password = "123456";//mysql密码
char* database = "mysql_test";//数据库名
char* query = "select * from student";//需要查询的语句
int t;
conn = mysql_init(NULL); //句柄初始化
//尝试连接到数据库
if (!mysql_real_connect(conn, server, user, password, database, 3306, NULL, 0))//判断是否连接成功
{
printf("Error connecting to database:%s\n", mysql_error(conn));
}
else
{
printf("Connected...\n");
}
//字符编码，解决乱码
if (!mysql_set_character_set(conn, "gbk"))
{
printf("New client character set: %s\n",
mysql_character_set_name(conn));
}
//调用API根据用户输入的Query对数据库操作
if (mysql_query(conn, query))
{
printf("Error making query:%s\n", mysql_error(conn));
}
else
{
printf("Query made...\n");
res = mysql_use_result(conn); //获取结果
if (res)
{
while ((row = mysql_fetch_row(res)) != NULL)
{
//printf("num=%d\n",mysql_num_fields(res));//列数
for (t = 0; t < mysql_num_fields(res); t++)
printf("%8s ", row);
printf("\n");
}
}
mysql_free_result(res); //释放res占用的内存空间
}
mysql_close(conn); //断开数据库
//system("pause");
return 0;
}
</code></pre>
<h2 id="mysql搭建测试数据库">MYSQL搭建测试数据库</h2>
<ol>
<li>新建测试数据库</li>
</ol>
<pre><code class="language-SQL">drop database if exists mysql_test cascade;
create database mysql_test;
use mysql_test;
</code></pre>
<ol start="2">
<li>创建学生表</li>
</ol>
<pre><code class="language-SQL">create table student (
s_id int,
s_name varchar(8),
s_birth date,
s_sex varchar(4)
);
</code></pre>
<ol start="3">
<li>插入学生数据</li>
</ol>
<pre><code class="language-SQL">insert into student values
(1,'赵雷','1990-01-01','男'),
(2,'钱电','1990-12-21','男'),
(3,'孙风','1990-05-20','男'),
(4,'李云','1990-08-06','男'),
(5,'周梅','1991-12-01','女'),
(6,'吴兰','1992-03-01','女'),
(7,'郑竹','1989-07-01','女'),
(8,'王菊','1990-01-20','女');
</code></pre>
<h2 id="代码测试">代码测试</h2>
<ol>
<li>
<p>编译<br>
生成->重新生成解决方案<br>
出现：“全部重新生成：1成功，0失败，0已跳过”即编译完成，无错误<br>
<img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/3636053/202504/3636053-20250426153012707-596291390.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>调试<br>
->按下调试按钮F5<br>
运行成功，如图所示<br>
<img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/3636053/202504/3636053-20250426153318515-976927900.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>报错</p>
</li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li>错误<br>
编译时出现C2440，E0144这两个报错代码</li>
<li>解决办法<br>
项目->属性->C/C++->语言->符合模式->将“是”改为“否”</li>
</ul><br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/stuckpufferfish/p/18848066
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