Android自定义电池组件实例代码(BatteryView)
<div id="navCategory"><h5 class="catalogue">目录</h5><ul class="first_class_ul"><li>支持：</li><li>1、自定义属性res/values/attrs.xml</li><li>2、 组件代码BatteryView.kt</li><li>3、XML 用法示例</li><li>4、代码控制示例</li><li>5、常见问题（结合你之前的疑问）</li><li>6、小扩展（可选）</li></ul></div><p class="maodian"></p><h2>支持：</h2><blockquote><ul><li><p>XML 与代码动态设置电量（0–100）</p></li><li><p>充电 <code>charging</code> 与快充 <code>fastCharging</code> 区分（闪电样式 + 动画）</p></li><li><p>电量阈值自动配色：<20% 红、<50% 橙、≥50% 绿</p></li><li><p>可配置边框/轨道/电量/闪电颜色；可显示百分比文本</p></li><li><p>支持无障碍（contentDescription、AccessibilityLiveRegion）</p></li><li><p>支持状态保存（旋转/进程重建）</p></li><li><p>平滑动画过渡（setLevelAnimated）</p></li></ul></blockquote>
<p class="maodian"></p><h2>1、自定义属性res/values/attrs.xml</h2>
<div class="jb51code"><pre class="brush:xml;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<declare-styleable name="BatteryView">
<attr name="bv_level" format="integer"/>
<attr name="bv_showPercentage" format="boolean"/>
<attr name="bv_charging" format="boolean"/>
<attr name="bv_fastCharging" format="boolean"/>
<attr name="bv_borderColor" format="color"/>
<attr name="bv_trackColor" format="color"/>
<attr name="bv_fillColor" format="color"/>
<attr name="bv_lowColor" format="color"/>
<attr name="bv_mediumColor" format="color"/>
<attr name="bv_highColor" format="color"/>
<attr name="bv_boltColor" format="color"/>
<attr name="bv_borderWidth" format="dimension"/>
<attr name="bv_cornerRadius" format="dimension"/>
<attr name="bv_capWidth" format="dimension"/>
<attr name="bv_capGap" format="dimension"/>
<attr name="bv_textSize" format="dimension"/>
</declare-styleable>
</resources></pre></div>
<p>术语说明：</p>
<ul><li><p><strong>borderColor</strong>：电池外框线条颜色。</p></li><li><p><strong>trackColor</strong>：电池内部“轨道/背景”颜色（未被电量填充区域）。</p></li><li><p><strong>fillColor</strong>：电量填充的基础颜色（当未启用分段阈值或外部强制指定时）。</p></li></ul>
<p class="maodian"></p><h2>2、 组件代码BatteryView.kt</h2>
<div class="jb51code"><pre class="brush:java;">package com.yourpkg.widget
val y6 = t + h * 0.35f
boltPath.reset()
boltPath.moveTo(x1, y1)
boltPath.lineTo(x2, y2)
boltPath.lineTo(x3, y3)
boltPath.lineTo(x4, y4)
boltPath.lineTo(x5, y5)
boltPath.lineTo(x6, y6)
boltPath.close()
}
// endregion
// region — Accessibility
private fun updateContentDesc() {
val charge = when {
fastCharging -> "（快充中）"
charging -> "（充电中）"
else -> ""
}
contentDescription = "电量 $level%$charge"
}
// endregion
// region — State
override fun onSaveInstanceState(): Parcelable? {
val superState = super.onSaveInstanceState()
return SavedState(superState).also {
it.level = level
it.charging = charging
it.fastCharging = fastCharging
it.showPercentage = showPercentage
it.chargePulse = chargePulse
}
}
override fun onRestoreInstanceState(state: Parcelable?) {
val ss = state as? SavedState
super.onRestoreInstanceState(ss?.superState ?: state)
ss?.let {
level = it.level
charging = it.charging
fastCharging = it.fastCharging
showPercentage = it.showPercentage
chargePulse = it.chargePulse
toggleChargeAnim(charging)
}
}
private class SavedState : BaseSavedState {
var level: Int = 0
var charging: Boolean = false
var fastCharging: Boolean = false
var showPercentage: Boolean = false
var chargePulse: Float = 0f
constructor(superState: Parcelable?) : super(superState)
private constructor(inParcel: Parcel) : super(inParcel) {
level = inParcel.readInt()
charging = inParcel.readInt() == 1
fastCharging = inParcel.readInt() == 1
showPercentage = inParcel.readInt() == 1
chargePulse = inParcel.readFloat()
}
override fun writeToParcel(out: Parcel, flags: Int) {
super.writeToParcel(out, flags)
out.writeInt(level)
out.writeInt(if (charging) 1 else 0)
out.writeInt(if (fastCharging) 1 else 0)
out.writeInt(if (showPercentage) 1 else 0)
out.writeFloat(chargePulse)
}
companion object {
@JvmField val CREATOR: Parcelable.Creator<SavedState> = object : Parcelable.Creator<SavedState> {
override fun createFromParcel(source: Parcel): SavedState = SavedState(source)
override fun newArray(size: Int): Array<SavedState?> = arrayOfNulls(size)
}
}
}
// endregion
// region — Utils
private fun dp(v: Float) = v * resources.displayMetrics.density
private fun sp(v: Float) = v * resources.displayMetrics.scaledDensity
// endregion
}</pre></div>
<p class="maodian"></p><h2>3、XML 用法示例</h2>
<div class="jb51code"><pre class="brush:xml;"><com.yourpkg.widget.BatteryView
android:id="@+id/battery"
android:layout_width="120dp"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:layout_margin="16dp"
app:bv_level="45"
app:bv_showPercentage="true"
app:bv_charging="true"
app:bv_fastCharging="false"
app:bv_borderColor="#222222"
app:bv_trackColor="#F2F2F2"
app:bv_lowColor="#E53935"
app:bv_mediumColor="#FB8C00"
app:bv_highColor="#43A047"
app:bv_boltColor="#FFFFFF"
app:bv_borderWidth="2dp"
app:bv_cornerRadius="8dp"
app:bv_capWidth="7dp"
app:bv_capGap="2dp"
app:bv_textSize="12sp"/></pre></div>
<p class="maodian"></p><h2>4、代码控制示例</h2>
<div class="jb51code"><pre class="brush:java;">val bv = findViewById<BatteryView>(R.id.battery)
// 动态设置电量
bv.level = 18 // 立即刷新
bv.setLevelAnimated(76) // 平滑动画到 76%
// 充电状态
bv.charging = true // 显示闪电 + 呼吸动画
bv.fastCharging = true // 闪电更大、视觉更强
// 开关百分比
bv.showPercentage = false
// 结合业务：阈值配色自动处理（<20 红、<50 橙、≥50 绿），无需额外代码</pre></div>
<p class="maodian"></p><h2>5、常见问题（结合你之前的疑问）</h2>
<ul><li><p><strong>Q: </strong><code>borderColor</code><strong> 和 </strong><code>trackColor</code><strong> 是什么？</strong><br />A: <code>borderColor</code> 是外框线条；<code>trackColor</code> 是内部未充满的背景。</p></li><li><p><strong>Q: 无障碍报错 </strong><code>isImportantForAccessibility</code><strong>？</strong><br />A: 组件内已设置：</p>
<p>importantForAccessibility = View.IMPORTANT_FOR_ACCESSIBILITY_YES</p>
<p>accessibilityLiveRegion = View.ACCESSIBILITY_LIVE_REGION_POLITE</p>
<p>同时动态更新 <code>contentDescription</code>，读屏会播报“电量 76%，快充中”。</p></li><li><p><strong>Q: 如何自定义颜色？</strong><br />在 XML 传入 <code>bv_lowColor/bv_mediumColor/bv_highColor</code>，或在代码里直接修改。</p></li><li><p><strong>Q: 性能如何？</strong><br />组件绘制简单，动画为轻量级呼吸，<code>postOnAnimation</code> 驱动，开销极低。</p></li></ul>
<p class="maodian"></p><h2>6、小扩展（可选）</h2>
<ul><li><p>电量渐变色：将 <code>fillPaint</code> 设置为 <code>LinearGradient</code>，根据 level 动态改变 endX。</p></li><li><p>低电量闪烁：level<10 且非充电时，使用 <code>alpha</code> 在 120–255 之间脉动。</p></li><li><p>RTL 适配：当 <code>layoutDirection == LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL</code> 时从右向左填充（可根据需要调整 <code>fillRect</code> 计算）。</p></li></ul>
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