太阳有点大 發表於 2007-3-14 00:00:00

VB编程的八个优良习惯第1/2页

VB编程的八个优良习惯 <BR>1、"&amp;"替换"+"&nbsp; <BR>2、变量命名大小写,语句错落有秩,源代码维护方面&nbsp; <BR>3、请养成以下的“对象命名约定”良好习惯 <BR>4、在简单的选择条件情况下,使用IIf()函数&nbsp; <BR>5、尽量使用Debug.Print进行调试&nbsp; <BR>6、在重复对某一对象的属性进行修改时,尽量使用With....End&nbsp;With&nbsp; <BR>7、MsgBox中尽量使用消息图标,这样程序比较有规范&nbsp; <BR>8、在可能的情况下使用枚举&nbsp; <br><br><BR>1、"&amp;"替换"+" <BR>在很多人的编程语言中,用“+”来连接字符串,这样容易导致歧义。良好的习惯是用“&amp;”来连接字符串.&nbsp; <br><br>不正确:&nbsp; <BR>Dim&nbsp;sMessage&nbsp;As&nbsp;String <BR>sMessage&nbsp;=&nbsp;"1"&nbsp;+&nbsp;"2"&nbsp; <br><br>正确:&nbsp; <BR>Dim&nbsp;sMessage&nbsp;As&nbsp;String <BR>sMessage&nbsp;=&nbsp;"1"&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;"2"&nbsp; <br><br>注意:"&amp;"的后面有个空格 <br><br>2、变量命名大小写,语句错落有秩,源代码维护方面 <br><br>下面大家比较一下以下两段代码:&nbsp; <br><br>读懂难度很大的代码: <br><br>Dim&nbsp;SNAME&nbsp;As&nbsp;String <BR>Dim&nbsp;NTURN&nbsp;As&nbsp;Integer <br><br>If&nbsp;NTURN&nbsp;=&nbsp;0&nbsp;Then <BR>If&nbsp;SNAME&nbsp;=&nbsp;"vbeden"&nbsp;Then <BR>Do&nbsp;While&nbsp;NTURN&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;4 <BR>NTURN&nbsp;=&nbsp;NTURN&nbsp;+&nbsp;1 <BR>Loop <BR>End&nbsp;If <BR>End&nbsp;If&nbsp; <br><br>容易读懂的代码: <br><br>Dim&nbsp;sName&nbsp;As&nbsp;String <BR>Dim&nbsp;nTurn&nbsp;As&nbsp;Integer <br><br>If&nbsp;nTurn&nbsp;=&nbsp;0&nbsp;Then <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If&nbsp;sName&nbsp;=&nbsp;"vbeden"&nbsp;Then <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Do&nbsp;While&nbsp;nTurn&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;4 <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nTurn&nbsp;=&nbsp;nTurn&nbsp;+&nbsp;1 <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Loop <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;End&nbsp;If <BR>End&nbsp;If <br><br>[返回索引] <br><br>3、请养成以下的“对象命名约定”良好习惯 <br><br>推荐使用的控件前缀 <br><br>控件类型&nbsp;前缀&nbsp;例子&nbsp; <BR>3D&nbsp;Panel&nbsp;&nbsp;pnl&nbsp;pnlGroup&nbsp; <BR>ADO&nbsp;Data&nbsp;ado&nbsp;adoBiblio&nbsp; <BR>Animated&nbsp;button&nbsp;ani&nbsp;aniMailBox&nbsp; <BR>Check&nbsp;box&nbsp;chk&nbsp;chkReadOnly&nbsp; <BR>Combo&nbsp;box,&nbsp;drop-down&nbsp;list&nbsp;box&nbsp;cbo&nbsp;cboEnglish&nbsp; <BR>Command&nbsp;button&nbsp;cmd&nbsp;cmdExit&nbsp; <BR>Common&nbsp;dialog&nbsp;&nbsp;dlg&nbsp;dlgFileOpen&nbsp; <BR>Communications&nbsp;&nbsp;com&nbsp;comFax&nbsp; <BR>Control&nbsp;(当特定类型未知时,在过程中所使用的)&nbsp;ctr&nbsp;ctrCurrent&nbsp; <BR>Data&nbsp;dat&nbsp;datBiblio&nbsp; <BR>Data-bound&nbsp;combo&nbsp;box&nbsp;dbcbo&nbsp;dbcboLanguage&nbsp; <BR>Data-bound&nbsp;grid&nbsp;dbgrd&nbsp;dbgrdQueryResult&nbsp; <BR>Data-bound&nbsp;list&nbsp;box&nbsp;dblst&nbsp;dblstJobType&nbsp; <BR>Data&nbsp;combo&nbsp;dbc&nbsp;dbcAuthor&nbsp; <BR>Data&nbsp;grid&nbsp;dgd&nbsp;dgdTitles&nbsp; <BR>Data&nbsp;list&nbsp;dbl&nbsp;dblPublisher&nbsp; <BR>Data&nbsp;repeater&nbsp;drp&nbsp;drpLocation&nbsp; <BR>Date&nbsp;picker&nbsp;dtp&nbsp;dtpPublished&nbsp; <BR>Directory&nbsp;list&nbsp;box&nbsp;dir&nbsp;dirSource&nbsp; <BR>Drive&nbsp;list&nbsp;box&nbsp;drv&nbsp;drvTarget&nbsp; <BR>File&nbsp;list&nbsp;box&nbsp;fil&nbsp;filSource&nbsp; <BR>Flat&nbsp;scroll&nbsp;bar&nbsp;fsb&nbsp;fsbMove&nbsp; <BR>Form&nbsp;frm&nbsp;frmEntry&nbsp; <BR>Frame&nbsp;fra&nbsp;fraLanguage&nbsp; <BR>Gauge&nbsp;gau&nbsp;gauStatus&nbsp; <BR>Graph&nbsp;gra&nbsp;graRevenue&nbsp; <BR>Grid&nbsp;grd&nbsp;grdPrices&nbsp; <BR>Hierarchical&nbsp;flexgrid&nbsp;flex&nbsp;flexOrders&nbsp; <BR>Horizontal&nbsp;scroll&nbsp;bar&nbsp;hsb&nbsp;hsbVolume&nbsp; <BR>Image&nbsp;img&nbsp;imgIcon&nbsp; <BR>Image&nbsp;combo&nbsp;imgcbo&nbsp;imgcboProduct&nbsp; <BR>ImageList&nbsp;ils&nbsp;ilsAllIcons&nbsp; <BR>Label&nbsp;lbl&nbsp;lblHelpMessage&nbsp; <BR>Lightweight&nbsp;check&nbsp;box&nbsp;lwchk&nbsp;lwchkArchive&nbsp; <BR>Lightweight&nbsp;combo&nbsp;box&nbsp;lwcbo&nbsp;lwcboGerman&nbsp; <BR>Lightweight&nbsp;command&nbsp;button&nbsp;lwcmd&nbsp;lwcmdRemove&nbsp; <BR>Lightweight&nbsp;frame&nbsp;lwfra&nbsp;lwfraSaveOptions&nbsp; <BR>Lightweight&nbsp;horizontal&nbsp;scroll&nbsp;bar&nbsp;lwhsb&nbsp;lwhsbVolume&nbsp; <BR>Lightweight&nbsp;list&nbsp;box&nbsp;lwlst&nbsp;lwlstCostCenters&nbsp; <BR>Lightweight&nbsp;option&nbsp;button&nbsp;lwopt&nbsp;lwoptIncomeLevel&nbsp; <BR>Lightweight&nbsp;text&nbsp;box&nbsp;lwtxt&nbsp;lwoptStreet&nbsp; <BR>Lightweight&nbsp;vertical&nbsp;scroll&nbsp;bar&nbsp;lwvsb&nbsp;lwvsbYear&nbsp; <BR>Line&nbsp;lin&nbsp;linVertical&nbsp; <BR>List&nbsp;box&nbsp;lst&nbsp;lstPolicyCodes&nbsp; <BR>ListView&nbsp;lvw&nbsp;lvwHeadings&nbsp; <BR>MAPI&nbsp;message&nbsp;mpm&nbsp;mpmSentMessage&nbsp; <BR>MAPI&nbsp;session&nbsp;mps&nbsp;mpsSession&nbsp; <BR>MCI&nbsp;mci&nbsp;mciVideo&nbsp; <BR>Menu&nbsp;mnu&nbsp;mnuFileOpen&nbsp; <BR>Month&nbsp;view&nbsp;mvw&nbsp;mvwPeriod&nbsp; <BR>MS&nbsp;Chart&nbsp;ch&nbsp;chSalesbyRegion&nbsp; <BR>MS&nbsp;Flex&nbsp;grid&nbsp;msg&nbsp;msgClients&nbsp; <BR>MS&nbsp;Tab&nbsp;&nbsp;mst&nbsp;mstFirst&nbsp; <BR>OLE&nbsp;container&nbsp;ole&nbsp;oleWorksheet&nbsp; <BR>Option&nbsp;button&nbsp;opt&nbsp;optGender&nbsp; <BR>Picture&nbsp;box&nbsp;pic&nbsp;picVGA&nbsp; <BR>Picture&nbsp;clip&nbsp;clp&nbsp;clpToolbar&nbsp; <BR>ProgressBar&nbsp;prg&nbsp;prgLoadFile&nbsp; <BR>Remote&nbsp;Data&nbsp;rd&nbsp;rdTitles&nbsp; <BR>RichTextBox&nbsp;rtf&nbsp;rtfReport&nbsp; <BR>Shape&nbsp;shp&nbsp;shpCircle&nbsp; <BR>Slider&nbsp;sld&nbsp;sldScale&nbsp; <BR>Spin&nbsp;spn&nbsp;spnPages&nbsp; <BR>StatusBar&nbsp;sta&nbsp;staDateTime&nbsp; <BR>SysInfo&nbsp;sys&nbsp;sysMonitor&nbsp; <BR>TabStrip&nbsp;tab&nbsp;tabOptions&nbsp; <BR>Text&nbsp;box&nbsp;txt&nbsp;txtLastName&nbsp; <BR>Timer&nbsp;tmr&nbsp;tmrAlarm&nbsp; <BR>Toolbar&nbsp;tlb&nbsp;tlbActions&nbsp; <BR>TreeView&nbsp;tre&nbsp;treOrganization&nbsp; <BR>UpDown&nbsp;upd&nbsp;updDirection&nbsp; <BR>Vertical&nbsp;scroll&nbsp;bar&nbsp;vsb&nbsp;vsbRate&nbsp; <br><br>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <BR>推荐使用的数据访问对象&nbsp;(DAO)&nbsp;的前缀 <BR>用下列前缀来指示数据访问对象&nbsp; <BR>数据库对象&nbsp;前缀&nbsp;例子&nbsp; <BR>Container&nbsp;con&nbsp;conReports&nbsp; <BR>Database&nbsp;db&nbsp;dbAccounts&nbsp; <BR>DBEngine&nbsp;dbe&nbsp;dbeJet&nbsp; <BR>Document&nbsp;doc&nbsp;docSalesReport&nbsp; <BR>Field&nbsp;fld&nbsp;fldAddress&nbsp; <BR>Group&nbsp;grp&nbsp;grpFinance&nbsp; <BR>Index&nbsp;ix&nbsp;idxAge&nbsp; <BR>Parameter&nbsp;prm&nbsp;prmJobCode&nbsp; <BR>QueryDef&nbsp;&nbsp;qry&nbsp;qrySalesByRegion&nbsp; <BR>Recordset&nbsp;rec&nbsp;recForecast&nbsp; <BR>Relation&nbsp;rel&nbsp;relEmployeeDept&nbsp; <BR>TableDef&nbsp;tbd&nbsp;tbdCustomers&nbsp; <BR>User&nbsp;usr&nbsp;usrNew&nbsp; <BR>Workspace&nbsp;wsp&nbsp;wspMine&nbsp; <br><br>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <br><br>应用程序频繁使用许多菜单控件,对于这些控件具备一组唯一的命名约定很实用。除了最前面&nbsp;"mnu"&nbsp;标记以外,菜单控件的前缀应该被扩展:对每一级嵌套增加一个附加前缀,将最终的菜单的标题放在名称字符串的最后。下表列出了一些例子。 <br><br>推荐使用的菜单前缀&nbsp; <BR>菜单标题序列&nbsp;菜单处理器名称&nbsp; <BR>File&nbsp;Open&nbsp;mnuFileOpen&nbsp; <BR>File&nbsp;Send&nbsp;Email&nbsp;mnuFileSendEmail&nbsp; <BR>File&nbsp;Send&nbsp;Fax&nbsp;&nbsp;mnuFileSendFax&nbsp; <BR>Format&nbsp;Character&nbsp;mnuFormatCharacter&nbsp; <BR>Help&nbsp;Contents&nbsp;mnuHelpContents&nbsp; <br><br>当使用这种命名约定时,一个特定的菜单组的所有成员一个接一个地列在&nbsp;Visual&nbsp;Basic&nbsp;的“属性”窗口中。而且,菜单控件的名字清楚地表示出它们所属的菜单项。 <br><br>为其它控件选择前缀 <br><br>对于上面没有列出的控件,应该用唯一的由两个或三个字符组成的前缀使它们标准化,以保持一致性。只有当需要澄清时,才使用多于三个字符的前缀。 <br><br>常量和变量命名约定 <BR>除了对象之外,常量和变量也需要良好格式的命名约定。本节列出了&nbsp;Visual&nbsp;Basic&nbsp;支持的常量和变量的推荐约定。并且讨论标识数据类型和范围的问题。 <br><br>变量应该总是被定义在尽可能小的范围内。全局&nbsp;(Public)&nbsp;变量可以导致极其复杂的状态机构,并且使一个应用程序的逻辑非常难于理解。全局变量也使代码的重用和维护更加困难。 <br><br>Visual&nbsp;Basic&nbsp;中的变量可以有下列范围 <br><br>范围&nbsp;声明位置&nbsp;可见位置&nbsp; <BR>过程级&nbsp;过程,子过程或函数过程中的&nbsp;‘Private'&nbsp;在声明它的过程中&nbsp; <BR>模块级&nbsp;窗体或代码模块(.frm、.bas&nbsp;)的声明部分中的&nbsp;‘Private'&nbsp;窗体或代码模块中的每一个过程&nbsp; <BR>全局&nbsp;代码模块(.bas)的声明部分中的&nbsp;‘Public'&nbsp;应用程序中的每一处&nbsp; <br><br>在&nbsp;Visual&nbsp;Basic&nbsp;的应用程序中,只有当没有其它方便途径在窗体之间共享数据时才使用全局变量。当必须使用全局变量时,在一个单一模块中声明它们,并按功能分组。给这个模块取一个有意义的名称,以指明它的作用,如&nbsp;Public.bas。 <br><br>较好的编码习惯是尽可能写模块化的代码。例如,如果应用程序显示一个对话框,就把要完成这一对话任务所需要的所有控件和代码放在单一的窗体中。这有助于将应用程序的代码组织在有用的组件中,并减小它运行时的开销。 <BR>
                            <div class="pagenum tc"><strong>1</strong>2下一页阅读全文</div>
                            <div class="art_xg">
                              <b>您可能感兴趣的文章:</b><ul><li>php代码书写习惯优化小结</li><li>编写安全&nbsp;PHP应用程序的七个习惯深入分析</li><li>国外PHP程序员的13个好习惯小结</li><li>在PHP中养成7个面向对象的好习惯</li><li>PHP 引用是个坏习惯</li><li>在PHP中养成7个面向对象的好习惯</li><li>PHP 编程的 5个良好习惯</li><li>10条PHP编程习惯助你找工作</li><li>正则表达式的五个成功习惯</li><li>PHP大神的十大优良习惯</li></ul>
                            </div>

                        </div>
                        <!--endmain-->
頁: [1]
查看完整版本: VB编程的八个优良习惯第1/2页