C#汉字转汉语拼音
<h1 id="一使用pinyinconvertercore获取汉语拼音">一、使用<code>PinYinConverterCore</code>获取汉语拼音</h1><p>最新在做一个搜索组件，需要使用汉语拼音的首字母查询出符合条件的物品名称，由于汉字存在多音字，所以自己写查询组件不太现实，因此，我们使用微软提供的<code>CHSPinYinConv</code>，<code>CHSPinYinConv</code>在.net core下载安装没有问题，但在.net framework会由于兼容性会安装失败，因此使用了<code>PinYinConverterCore</code>来实现汉字转拼音，<code>PinYinConverterCore</code>应该也是基于<code>CHSPinYinConv</code>开发的兼容包，后续的代码两个安装包环境下都可以使用。使用<code>Nuget</code>搜索<code>PinYinConverterCore</code>下载并安装，具体如下：</p>
<p><img src="https://s2.loli.net/2021/12/21/NvtFHOCT7Skeoi4.png" alt="image-20211221140230709" loading="lazy"></p>
<h1 id="二编写工具扩展类实现获取汉字的拼音">二、编写工具扩展类实现获取汉字的拼音</h1>
<p>由于汉字存在多音字，因此，通过汉字获取到的拼音是一个数组，具体如下：</p>
<pre><code class="language-c#">/// <summary>
/// 汉字转换拼音
/// </summary>
public static class PingYinUtil
{
private static Dictionary<int, List<string>> GetTotalPingYinDictionary(string text)
{
var chs = text.ToCharArray();
//记录每个汉字的全拼
Dictionary<int, List<string>> totalPingYinList = new Dictionary<int, List<string>>();
for (int i = 0; i < chs.Length; i++)
{
var pinyinList = new List<string>();
//是否是有效的汉字
if (ChineseChar.IsValidChar(chs))
{
ChineseChar cc = new ChineseChar(chs);
pinyinList = cc.Pinyins.Where(p => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(p)).ToList();
}
else
{
pinyinList.Add(chs.ToString());
}
//去除声调，转小写
pinyinList = pinyinList.ConvertAll(p => Regex.Replace(p, @"\d", "").ToLower());
//去重
pinyinList = pinyinList.Where(p => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(p)).Distinct().ToList();
if (pinyinList.Any())
{
totalPingYinList = pinyinList;
}
}
return totalPingYinList;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取汉语拼音全拼
/// </summary>
/// <param name="text">The string.</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static List<string> GetTotalPingYin(this string text)
{
var result = new List<string>();
foreach (var pys in GetTotalPingYinDictionary(text))
{
var items = pys.Value;
if (result.Count <= 0)
{
result = items;
}
else
{
//全拼循环匹配
var newTotalPingYinList = new List<string>();
foreach (var totalPingYin in result)
{
newTotalPingYinList.AddRange(items.Select(item => totalPingYin + item));
}
newTotalPingYinList = newTotalPingYinList.Distinct().ToList();
result = newTotalPingYinList;
}
}
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取汉语拼音首字母
/// </summary>
/// <param name="text"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static List<string> GetFirstPingYin(this string text)
{
var result = new List<string>();
foreach (var pys in GetTotalPingYinDictionary(text))
{
var items = pys.Value;
if (result.Count <= 0)
{
result = items.ConvertAll(p => p.Substring(0, 1)).Distinct().ToList();
}
else
{
//首字母循环匹配
var newFirstPingYinList = new List<string>();
foreach (var firstPingYin in result)
{
newFirstPingYinList.AddRange(items.Select(item => firstPingYin + item.Substring(0, 1)));
}
newFirstPingYinList = newFirstPingYinList.Distinct().ToList();
result = newFirstPingYinList;
}
}
return result;
}
}
</code></pre>
<h1 id="三编写测试用例">三、编写测试用例</h1>
<p>我们编写一个测试用例，通过输入的汉字获取到汉语拼音的全拼和首字母缩写，具体如下：</p>
<pre><code class="language-c#"> // 汉字输入
string text = TextBoxInput.Text;
// 获取到汉语拼音的全拼
TextBoxTotal.Text = string.Join(",", text.GetTotalPingYin());
// 获取到汉语拼音的首字母
TextBoxFirst.Text = string.Join(",", text.GetFirstPingYin());
</code></pre>
<p><img src="https://s2.loli.net/2021/12/21/OeEbDQwVykr8qU7.png" alt="image-20211221140904565" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>我们编写录入一组用户名，然后根据输入输入的用户名的缩写，筛选出符合条件的人，我们可以使用<code>Linq</code>模糊查询，具体如下：</p>
<pre><code class="language-c#"> public class Student
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public List<string> Pinyin { get; set; }
}
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="language-c#">StudentList = new List<Student>
{
new Student() {Name = "张三"},
new Student() {Name = "章黎"},
new Student() {Name = "张三丰"},
new Student() {Name = "李四"},
new Student() {Name = "王五"},
new Student() {Name = "John"},
new Student() {Name = "W.吴"},
new Student() {Name = "阿姨"},
new Student() {Name = "阿胶"},
new Student() {Name = "麦合苏提.麦合苏提"}
};
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="language-c#"> var text = TextBoxSearch.Text;
foreach (var student in StudentList)
{
student.Pinyin = student.Name.GetFirstPingYin();
}
StudentList = StudentList.Where(s => s.Pinyin.Exists(p=>p.Contains(text))).ToList();
</code></pre>
<p><img src="https://s2.loli.net/2021/12/21/rH73bIuFoSOU8hM.png" alt="image-20211221141311784" loading="lazy"></p><br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/dongweian/p/15715099.html
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