iOS开发基础107-iOS直播
<p>在 iOS 平台上，直播技术已经很成熟，有许多强大的第三方框架可以帮助开发者轻松实现直播功能。当前主流的直播第三方框架包括但不限于：</p><ol>
<li><strong>LFLiveKit</strong>：一款开源的直播推流 SDK。</li>
<li><strong>PLMediaStreamingKit</strong>：由云天存提供的一站式音视频解决方案。</li>
<li><strong>AliyunPlayer</strong>：阿里云提供的音视频播放解决方案。</li>
<li><strong>Agora SDK</strong>：声网提供的大规模实时视频通讯解决方案。</li>
</ol>
<p>以下将详细介绍 LFLiveKit 和 PLMediaStreamingKit 的使用，并给出相应的示例代码。</p>
<h3 id="一lflivekit">一、LFLiveKit</h3>
<h4 id="1-lflivekit-安装">1. LFLiveKit 安装</h4>
<p>要使用 LFLiveKit 首先需要通过 CocoaPods 添加到你的项目。</p>
<p>在你的 <code>Podfile</code> 文件中添加如下内容：</p>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">pod 'LFLiveKit'
</code></pre>
<p>然后运行 <code>pod install</code>。</p>
<h4 id="2-配置和使用">2. 配置和使用</h4>
<p>Import LFLiveKit 的头文件:</p>
<pre><code class="language-objective-c">#import <LFLiveKit/LFLiveKit.h>
</code></pre>
<h5 id="创建直播会话">创建直播会话</h5>
<p>LFLiveKit 提供了多种配置选项。首先，你需要创建一个 <code>LFLiveSession</code>，这是 LFLiveKit 的核心类，负责管理音视频捕获和推流处理。</p>
<pre><code class="language-objective-c">- (LFLiveSession*)liveSession {
if (!_liveSession) {
// 自定义音频和视频配置
LFLiveAudioConfiguration *audioConfiguration = ;
LFLiveVideoConfiguration *videoConfiguration = ;
_liveSession = [ initWithAudioConfiguration:audioConfiguration videoConfiguration:videoConfiguration];
_liveSession.delegate = self;
_liveSession.preView = self.view; // 设置预览视图
}
return _liveSession;
}
</code></pre>
<h5 id="请求权限">请求权限</h5>
<p>在 iOS 开发中，需要请求相机和麦克风权限。以下是请求权限代码：</p>
<pre><code class="language-objective-c">- (void)requestAccessForVideo {
AVAuthorizationStatus status = ;
if (status == AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined) {
[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
if (granted) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
;
});
}
}];
} else if (status == AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
;
}
}
- (void)requestAccessForAudio {
AVAuthorizationStatus status = ;
if (status == AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined) {
[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
if (granted) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
;
});
}
}];
} else if (status == AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
;
}
}
</code></pre>
<h5 id="开始直播">开始直播</h5>
<p>配置完 <code>LFLiveStreamInfo</code> 对象，并调用 <code>startLive:</code> 方法开始直播。</p>
<pre><code class="language-objective-c">- (void)startLive {
LFLiveStreamInfo *streamInfo = ;
streamInfo.url = @"rtmp://your_server/live_stream";
;
}
- (void)stopLive {
;
}
</code></pre>
<h5 id="处理直播状态变化">处理直播状态变化</h5>
<p>通过实现 <code>LFLiveSessionDelegate</code>，可以监测广播的状态变更。</p>
<pre><code class="language-objective-c">- (void)liveSession:(LFLiveSession *)session liveStateDidChange:(LFLiveState)state {
switch (state) {
// 在每个状态变化时的对应处理
case LFLiveReady:
NSLog(@"Ready to start live streaming");
break;
case LFLivePending:
NSLog(@"Connecting...");
break;
case LFLiveStart:
NSLog(@"Live streaming started");
break;
case LFLiveStop:
NSLog(@"Live streaming stopped");
break;
case LFLiveError:
NSLog(@"Live streaming error");
break;
case LFLiveRefresh:
NSLog(@"Live streaming refreshing");
break;
}
}
</code></pre>
<h5 id="完整示例">完整示例：</h5>
<p>完整的 <code>ViewController.m</code> 看起来如下：</p>
<pre><code class="language-objective-c">#import "ViewController.h"
#import <LFLiveKit/LFLiveKit.h>
@interface ViewController () <LFLiveSessionDelegate>
@property (nonatomic, strong) LFLiveSession *liveSession;
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
;
;
;
;
}
- (LFLiveSession*)liveSession {
if (!_liveSession) {
LFLiveAudioConfiguration *audioConfiguration = ;
LFLiveVideoConfiguration *videoConfiguration = ;
_liveSession = [ initWithAudioConfiguration:audioConfiguration videoConfiguration:videoConfiguration];
_liveSession.delegate = self;
_liveSession.preView = self.view;
}
return _liveSession;
}
- (void)requestAccessForVideo {
AVAuthorizationStatus status = ;
if (status == AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined) {
[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
if (granted) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
;
});
}
}];
} else if (status == AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
;
}
}
- (void)requestAccessForAudio {
AVAuthorizationStatus status = ;
if (status == AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined) {
[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
if (granted) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
;
});
}
}];
} else if (status == AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
;
}
}
- (void)startLive {
LFLiveStreamInfo *streamInfo = ;
streamInfo.url = @"rtmp://your_server/live_stream";
;
}
- (void)stopLive {
;
}
- (void)liveSession:(LFLiveSession *)session liveStateDidChange:(LFLiveState)state {
switch (state) {
case LFLiveReady:
NSLog(@"Ready to start live streaming");
break;
case LFLivePending:
NSLog(@"Connecting...");
break;
case LFLiveStart:
NSLog(@"Live streaming started");
break;
case LFLiveStop:
NSLog(@"Live streaming stopped");
break;
case LFLiveError:
NSLog(@"Live streaming error");
break;
case LFLiveRefresh:
NSLog(@"Live streaming refreshing");
break;
}
}
@end
</code></pre>
<h3 id="二plmediastreamingkit">二、PLMediaStreamingKit</h3>
<h4 id="1-plmediastreamingkit-安装">1. PLMediaStreamingKit 安装</h4>
<p>使用 <code>CocoaPods</code> 安装：</p>
<pre><code class="language-ruby">pod 'PLMediaStreamingKit'
</code></pre>
<p>运行 <code>pod install</code> 之后，在项目的任意位置导入 <code>PLMediaStreamingKit</code>：</p>
<pre><code class="language-objective-c">#import <PLMediaStreamingKit/PLMediaStreamingKit.h>
</code></pre>
<h4 id="2-配置和使用-1">2. 配置和使用</h4>
<h5 id="创建推流会话">创建推流会话</h5>
<p><code>PLMediaStreamingSession</code> 是此框架的核心类，用于音视频捕获、编码和推流。</p>
<pre><code class="language-objective-c">- (PLMediaStreamingSession *)streamingSession {
if (!_streamingSession) {
PLVideoCaptureConfiguration *videoConfiguration = ;
PLAudioCaptureConfiguration *audioConfiguration = ;
PLVideoStreamingConfiguration *videoStreamingConfiguration = ;
PLAudioStreamingConfiguration *audioStreamingConfiguration = ;
_streamingSession = [ initWithVideoCaptureConfiguration:videoConfiguration
audioCaptureConfiguration:audioConfiguration
videoStreamingConfiguration:videoStreamingConfiguration
audioStreamingConfiguration:audioStreamingConfiguration];
_streamingSession.delegate = self;
_streamingSession.previewView = self.view;
}
return _streamingSession;
}
</code></pre>
<h5 id="检查并请求权限">检查并请求权限</h5>
<p>和 LFLiveKit 类似，我们需要请求相机和麦克风的权限：</p>
<pre><code class="language-objective-c">- (void)requestAccessForVideo {
AVAuthorizationStatus status = ;
if (status == AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined) {
[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
if (granted) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
;
});
}
}];
} else if (status == AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
;
}
}
- (void)requestAccessForAudio {
AVAuthorizationStatus status = ;
if (status == AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined) {
[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
if (granted) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
;
});
}
}];
} else if (status == AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
;
}
}
</code></pre>
<h5 id="开始直播-1">开始直播</h5>
<p>创建一个 <code>PLStream</code> 对象，包含推流的 URL 和其他配置信息，并启动推流。</p>
<pre><code class="language-objective-c">- (void)startStreaming {
PLStream *stream = ;
stream.url = @"rtmp://your_server/live_stream";
[self.streamingSession startWithStream:stream feedback:^(PLStreamStartStateFeedback *feedback) {
if (feedback.state == PLStreamStartStateSuccess) {
NSLog(@"Streaming Started Successfully");
} else {
NSLog(@"Failed to start streaming: %@", feedback.error.localizedDescription);
}
}];
}
- (void)stopStreaming {
;
}
</code></pre>
<h5 id="处理推流状态变化">处理推流状态变化</h5>
<p>通过实现 <code>PLMediaStreamingSessionDelegate</code> 的相关方法，可以监测推流状态的变化。</p>
<pre><code class="language-objective-c">- (void)mediaStreamingSession:(PLMediaStreamingSession *)session streamStatusDidUpdate:(PLStreamStatus *)status {
NSLog(@"Stream status: %@", status);
}
- (void)mediaStreamingSession:(PLMediaStreamingSession *)session didDisconnectWithError:(NSError *)error {
NSLog(@"Stream disconnected with error: %@", error.localizedDescription);
}
</code></pre>
<h5 id="完整示例-1">完整示例：</h5>
<p>完整的 <code>ViewController.m</code> 可以如下：</p>
<pre><code class="language-objective-c">#import "ViewController.h"
#import <PLMediaStreamingKit/PLMediaStreamingKit.h>
@interface ViewController () <PLMediaStreamingSessionDelegate>
@property (nonatomic, strong) PLMediaStreamingSession *streamingSession;
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
;
;
;
}
- (PLMediaStreamingSession *)streamingSession {
if (!_streamingSession) {
PLVideoCaptureConfiguration *videoConfiguration = ;
PLAudioCaptureConfiguration *audioConfiguration = ;
PLVideoStreamingConfiguration *videoStreamingConfiguration = ;
PLAudioStreamingConfiguration *audioStreamingConfiguration = ;
_streamingSession = [ initWithVideoCaptureConfiguration:videoConfiguration
audioCaptureConfiguration:audioConfiguration
videoStreamingConfiguration:videoStreamingConfiguration
audioStreamingConfiguration:audioStreamingConfiguration
stream:nil];
_streamingSession.delegate = self;
_streamingSession.previewView = self.view;
}
return _streamingSession;
}
- (void)requestAccessForVideo {
AVAuthorizationStatus status = ;
if (status == AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined) {
[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
if (granted) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
;
});
}
}];
} else if (status == AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
;
}
}
- (void)requestAccessForAudio {
AVAuthorizationStatus status = ;
if (status == AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined) {
[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
if (granted) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
;
});
}
}];
} else if (status == AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
;
}
}
- (void)startStreaming {
PLStream *stream = ;
stream.url = @"rtmp://your_server/live_stream";
[self.streamingSession startWithStream:stream feedback:^(PLStreamStartStateFeedback *feedback) {
if (feedback.state == PLStreamStartStateSuccess) {
NSLog(@"Streaming Started Successfully");
} else {
NSLog(@"Failed to start streaming: %@", feedback.error.localizedDescription);
}
}];
}
- (void)stopStreaming {
;
}
- (void)mediaStreamingSession:(PLMediaStreamingSession *)session streamStatusDidUpdate:(PLStreamStatus *)status {
NSLog(@"Stream status: %@", status);
}
- (void)mediaStreamingSession:(PLMediaStreamingSession *)session didDisconnectWithError:(NSError *)error {
NSLog(@"Stream disconnected with error: %@", error.localizedDescription);
}
@end
</code></pre>
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来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/chglog/p/18305877
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