访问https域名显示证书异常问题和验证

地娃發表於 2021-5-26 11:33:00

访问https域名显示证书异常问题和验证

<h3>1、现象</h3>
调用https接口报如下错误：
sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
<h3>2、原因</h3>
     这是缺少安全证书时出现的异常，解决方案就是将你要访问的请求地址的安全认证证书导入到客户端即可。
<h3>3、解决方式</h3>
（1）复制下方代码，保存成InstallCert.java文件
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>/*
* Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.All Rights Reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/

import java.io.*;
import java.net.URL;

import java.security.*;
import java.security.cert.*;

import javax.net.ssl.*;

public class InstallCert {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String host;
int port;
char[] passphrase;
if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {
 String[] c = args.split(":");
 host = c;
 port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c);
 String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args;
 passphrase = p.toCharArray();
} else {
 System.out.println("Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] ");
 return;
}

File file = new File("jssecacerts");
if (file.isFile() == false) {
 char SEP = File.separatorChar;
 File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP
 + "lib" + SEP + "security");
 file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");
 if (file.isFile() == false) {
 file = new File(dir, "cacerts");
 }
}
System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
ks.load(in, passphrase);
in.close();

SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
TrustManagerFactory tmf =
 TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
tmf.init(ks);
X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager)tmf.getTrustManagers();
SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);
context.init(null, new TrustManager[] {tm}, null);
SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();

System.out.println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");
SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket)factory.createSocket(host, port);
socket.setSoTimeout(10000);
try {
 System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");
 socket.startHandshake();
 socket.close();
 System.out.println();
 System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");
} catch (SSLException e) {
 System.out.println();
 e.printStackTrace(System.out);
}

X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;
if (chain == null) {
 System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");
 return;
}

BufferedReader reader =
 new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

System.out.println();
System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");
System.out.println();
MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {
 X509Certificate cert = chain;
 System.out.println
 (" " + (i + 1) + " Subject " + cert.getSubjectDN());
 System.out.println(" Issuer" + cert.getIssuerDN());
 sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());
 System.out.println(" sha1 " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));
 md5.update(cert.getEncoded());
 System.out.println(" md5 " + toHexString(md5.digest()));
 System.out.println();
}

System.out.println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: ");
String line = reader.readLine().trim();
int k;
try {
 k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
 System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");
 return;
}

X509Certificate cert = chain;
String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);
ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);

OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");
ks.store(out, passphrase);
out.close();

System.out.println();
System.out.println(cert);
System.out.println();
System.out.println
 ("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '"
 + alias + "'");
}

private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();

private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);
for (int b : bytes) {
 b &= 0xff;
 sb.append(HEXDIGITS);
 sb.append(HEXDIGITS);
 sb.append(' ');
}
return sb.toString();
}

private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {

private final X509TrustManager tm;
private X509Certificate[] chain;

SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {
 this.tm = tm;
}

public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
 throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}

public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
 throws CertificateException {
 throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}

public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
 throws CertificateException {
 this.chain = chain;
 tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
}
}

}</pre>
</div>
（2）编译：javac InstallCert.java
（3）执行：java  InstallCert  你的https域名，比如：java  InstallCert  123.com
<img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/497947/202105/497947-20210526112651673-1005371879.png">
输入1，然后直接回车，会在相应的目录下产生一个名为‘jssecacerts’的证书。
（4）将证书copy到$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security目录下
<h3>4. 验证证书是否有效</h3>
经过多方查阅从这篇文章中找到了可以诊断 Java 环境中是否包含了相应的信任证书。此方式可诊断 HTTPS, IMAPS, LDAPS 等，
下面是链接地址：验证证书是否有效
Ⅰ.点击下载 SSLPoke.class文件。
Ⅱ. 用Java执行.class文件，诊断是否是可信任网站。
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>java SSLPoke xxx(域名) xxx(端口)</pre>
</div>
如果连接成功则会出现如下结果：
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>E:\安装包>java SSLPoke xxx(域名) xxx(端口)
Successfully connected</pre>
</div>
而连接失败则会出现如下异常：
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
 at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:397)
 at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.engineValidate(PKIXValidator.java:302)
 at sun.security.validator.Validator.validate(Validator.java:260)
 at sun.security.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.validate(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:324)
 at sun.security.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkTrusted(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:229)
 at sun.security.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:124)
 at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:1596)
 at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.processMessage(ClientHandshaker.java:216)
 at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.processLoop(Handshaker.java:1052)
 at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.process_record(Handshaker.java:987)
 at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:1072)
 at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1385)
 at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.writeRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:757)
 at sun.security.ssl.AppOutputStream.write(AppOutputStream.java:123)
 at sun.security.ssl.AppOutputStream.write(AppOutputStream.java:138)
 at SSLPoke.main(SSLPoke.java:31)
Caused by: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
 at sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilder.build(SunCertPathBuilder.java:141)
 at sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild(SunCertPathBuilder.java:126)
 at java.security.cert.CertPathBuilder.build(CertPathBuilder.java:280)
 at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:392)
 ... 15 more</pre>
</div>
 
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来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/hobby0524/p/14812744.html

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访问https域名显示证书异常问题和验证