debian 12 初始化
<h2 id="启用root用户ssh远程登录">启用root用户ssh远程登录</h2><p>nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config，PermitRootLogin 修改为 yes：</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">#PermitRootLogin prohibit-password
PermitRootLogin yes
</code></pre>
<h2 id="配置华为云软件源">配置华为云软件源</h2>
<p>nano /etc/apt/sources.list，注释掉原本内容，插入以下内容：</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
</code></pre>
<h2 id="安装基础软件">安装基础软件</h2>
<pre><code class="language-bash">apt-get update
apt-get install curl vim zip unzip iptables
</code></pre>
<h2 id="配置-vi-允许复制">配置 vi 允许复制</h2>
<p>vi /usr/share/vim/vim90/defaults.vim，搜索 mouse，找到下面的代码段，修改 set mouse=a 为 set mouse=-a，即：</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">if has('mouse')
if &term =~ 'xterm'
set mouse=a
else
set mouse=nvi
endif
endif
</code></pre>
<p>改为：</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">if has('mouse')
if &term =~ 'xterm'
set mouse-=a
else
set mouse=nvi
endif
endif
</code></pre>
<p>保存退出即可</p>
<h2 id="设置-lang-全局环境变量避免-vim-操作时中文乱码">设置 LANG 全局环境变量，避免 vim 操作时中文乱码</h2>
<pre><code class="language-bash">echo 'export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8' >> /etc/profile
export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
</code></pre>
<h2 id="配置命令别名">配置命令别名</h2>
<p>vi /root/.bashrc，插入以下内容，需要立即生效就在终端上再执行一把：</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">alias ls='ls --color'
alias ll='ls -l'
</code></pre>
<h2 id="安装-dockerdocker-compose">安装 docker，docker-compose</h2>
<pre><code class="language-bash"># 下载安装 docker
curl -OL https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-27.3.1.tgz
tar -zxvf docker-27.3.1.tgz
chmod +x docker/*
mv docker/* /usr/local/bin
echo
dockerd --version
# 删除 docker 安装包
rm docker docker-27.3.1.tgz -rf
# 生成 daemon.json 配置文件
mkdir -p /etc/docker/
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
"hosts":[
"unix:///var/run/docker.sock"
],
"bip":"192.168.222.1/24",
"data-root":"/var/lib/docker",
"registry-mirrors":[
],
"insecure-registries":[
]
}
EOF
# 启动 dockerd
nohup dockerd > /var/log/dockerd.log 2>&1 &
# 安装 docker-compose
url=https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.29.7/docker-compose-linux-x86_64
mkdir -p ~/.docker/cli-plugins
curl -L $url -o ~/.docker/cli-plugins/docker-compose
chmod +x ~/.docker/cli-plugins/docker-compose
docker compose version
</code></pre>
<h2 id="配置-docker-开机自启动">配置 docker 开机自启动</h2>
<p>vi /etc/init.d/startup.sh，插入以下内容：</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">#!/bin/bash
nohup dockerd > /var/log/dockerd.log 2>&1 &
</code></pre>
<p>授予可执行权限，新建软连接：</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">chmod +x /etc/init.d/startup.sh
ln -s /etc/init.d/startup.sh /etc/rc2.d/S99startup
</code></pre>
<h2 id="参考连接">参考连接</h2>
<p>运维Debian安装教程 开启root远程登录：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/661391452</p>
<p>debian12 国内镜像源设置：https://blog.csdn.net/bali16/article/details/139642707</p>
<p>解决各种终端工具在linux中使用vim编辑内容无法复制的问题：https://blog.csdn.net/al_wa_ys/article/details/139233441</p>
<p>一键安装 docker 及 docker compose：https://www.cnblogs.com/nihaorz/p/17406068.html</p>
<p>debian 开机自启动脚本或命令：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_69873023/article/details/136491722</p><br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/nihaorz/p/18405922
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