Ubuntu 更新错误修复大全
<h4 id="toc_1">合并列表问题</h4><p>当你在终端中运行更新命令时，你可能会碰到这个错误“合并列表错误”，就像下面这样：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>E:Encountered a section with no Package: header,</p>
<p>E:Problem with MergeList /var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com<em>ubuntu</em>dists<em>precise</em>universe<em>binary-i386</em>Packages,</p>
<p>E:The package lists or status file could not be parsed or opened.’</p>
</blockquote>
<p>可以使用以下命令来修复该错误：</p>
<ol class="linenums">
<li class="L0"><code><span class="pln">sudo rm <span class="pun">-<span class="pln">r <span class="pun">/<span class="kwd">var<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">lib<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">apt<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">lists<span class="com">/*</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code></li>
<li class="L1"><code><span class="com">sudo apt-get clean && sudo apt-get update</span></code></li>
</ol>
<p> </p>
<h4 id="toc_2">下载仓库信息失败 -1</h4>
<p>实际上，有两种类型的下载仓库信息失败错误。如果你的错误是这样的：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>W:Failed to fetch bzip2:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/in.archive.ubuntu.com<em>ubuntu</em>dists<em>oneiric</em>restricted<em>binary-i386</em>Packages Hash Sum mismatch,</p>
<p>W:Failed to fetch bzip2:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/in.archive.ubuntu.com<em>ubuntu</em>dists<em>oneiric</em>multiverse<em>binary-i386</em>Packages Hash Sum mismatch,</p>
<p>E:Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead</p>
</blockquote>
<p>那么，你可以用以下命令修复：</p>
<ol class="linenums">
<li class="L0"><code><span class="pln">sudo rm <span class="pun">-<span class="pln">rf <span class="pun">/<span class="kwd">var<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">lib<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">apt<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">lists<span class="com">/*</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code></li>
<li class="L1"><code><span class="com">sudo apt-get update</span></code></li>
</ol>
<p> </p>
<h4 id="toc_3">下载仓库信息失败 -2</h4>
<p>下载仓库信息失败的另外一种类型是由于PPA过时导致的。通常，当你运行更新管理器，并看到这样的错误时：</p>
<p><img src="https://www.linuxidc.com/upload/2015_06/150611091694982.png" alt=""></p>
<p>你可以运行sudo apt-get update来查看哪个PPA更新失败，你可以把它从源列表中删除。你可以按照这个截图指南来修复下载仓库信息失败错误。</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 18pt"><strong> 下载仓库信息失败 -3</strong></span></p>
<p>版本错误导致找不到源</p>
<p>W: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/<strong><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">bzindovic</span></strong>/suitesparse-bugfix-1319687/ubuntu xenial Release' does not have a Release file.<br>解决办法,删除出错的源</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bzindovic-ubuntu-suitesparse-bugfix-<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1319687</span>-xenial.list<br>sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bzindovic-ubuntu-suitesparse-bugfix-1319687-xenial.list.save </pre>
</div>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="font-size: 18pt"><strong>apt源重复</strong></span></p>
<p>W: Target Packasges (main/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in <span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">/etc/apt/sources.list:52 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/realsense-public.list:1</span><br><br></p>
<p>解决办法,删除重复的源</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/realsense-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">.list
sudo rm </span>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/realsense-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span>.list.save</pre>
</div>
<p> </p>
<h4 id="toc_4">下载包文件失败错误</h4>
<p>一个类似的错误是下载包文件失败错误，像这样：</p>
<p><img src="https://www.linuxidc.com/upload/2015_06/150611091694984.jpg" alt=""></p>
<p>该错误很容易修复，只需修改软件源为主服务器即可。转到“软件和更新”，在那里你可以修改下载服务器为主服务器：</p>
<p><img src="https://www.linuxidc.com/upload/2015_06/150611091694983.jpg" alt=""></p>
<p> </p>
<h4 id="toc_5">部分更新错误</h4>
<p>在终端中运行更新会出现部分更新错误：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Not all updates can be installed</p>
<p>Run a partial upgrade, to install as many updates as possible</p>
</blockquote>
<p>在终端中运行以下命令来修复该错误：</p>
<ol class="linenums">
<li class="L0"><code><span class="pln">sudo apt<span class="pun">-<span class="kwd">get<span class="pln"> install <span class="pun">-<span class="pln">f</span></span></span></span></span></span></code></li>
</ol>
<p> </p>
<h4 id="toc_6">加载共享库时发生错误</h4>
<p>该错误更多是安装错误，而不是更新错误。如果尝试从源码安装程序，你可能会碰到这个错误：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>error while loading shared libraries:</p>
<p>cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory</p>
</blockquote>
<p>该错误可以通过在终端中运行以下命令来修复：</p>
<ol class="linenums">
<li class="L0"><code><span class="pln">sudo <span class="pun">/<span class="pln">sbin<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">ldconfig <span class="pun">-<span class="pln">v</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code></li>
</ol>
<p>你可以在这里查找到更多详细内容加载共享库时发生错误。</p>
<p> </p>
<h4 id="toc_7">无法获取锁 /var/cache/apt/archives/lock</h4>
<p>在另一个程序在使用APT时，会发生该错误。假定你正在Ubuntu软件中心安装某个东西，然后你又试着在终端中运行apt。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>E: Could not get lock /var/cache/apt/archives/lock – open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable)</p>
<p>E: Unable to lock directory /var/cache/apt/archives/</p>
</blockquote>
<p>通常，只要你把所有其它使用apt的程序关了，这个问题就会好的。但是，如果问题持续，可以使用以下命令：</p>
<ol class="linenums">
<li class="L0"><code><span class="pln">sudo rm <span class="pun">/<span class="kwd">var<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">lib<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">apt<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">lists<span class="pun">/<span class="kwd">lock</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code></li>
</ol>
<p>如果上面的命令不起作用，可以试试这个命令：</p>
<ol class="linenums">
<li class="L0"><code><span class="pln">sudo killall apt<span class="pun">-<span class="kwd">get</span></span></span></code></li>
</ol>
<p>关于该错误的更多信息，可以在这里找到。</p>
<p> </p>
<h4 id="toc_8">GPG错误： 下列签名无法验证</h4>
<p>在添加一个PPA时，可能会导致以下错误GPG错误： 下列签名无法验证，这通常发生在终端中运行更新时：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>W: GPG error: http://repo.mate-desktop.org saucy InRelease: The following signatures couldn’t be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 68980A0EA10B4DE8</p>
</blockquote>
<p>我们所要做的，就是获取系统中的这个公钥，从信息中获取密钥号。在上述信息中，密钥号为68980A0EA10B4DE8。该密钥可通过以下方式使用：</p>
<ol class="linenums">
<li class="L0"><code><span class="pln">sudo apt<span class="pun">-<span class="pln">key adv <span class="pun">--<span class="pln">keyserver keyserver<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">ubuntu<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">com <span class="pun">--<span class="pln">recv<span class="pun">-<span class="pln">keys <span class="lit">68980A0EA10B4DE8</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code></li>
</ol>
<p>在添加密钥后，再次运行更新就没有问题了。</p>
<p> </p>
<h4 id="toc_9">BADSIG错误</h4>
<p>另外一个与签名相关的Ubuntu更新错误是BADSIG错误，它看起来像这样：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>W: A error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: http://extras.ubuntu.com precise Release: The following signatures were invalid: BADSIG 16126D3A3E5C1192 Ubuntu Extras Archive Automatic Signing Key</p>
<p>W: GPG error: http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release:</p>
<p>The following signatures were invalid: BADSIG 4C1CBC1B69B0E2F4 Launchpad PPA for Jonathan French W: Failed to fetch http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/Release</p>
</blockquote>
<p>要修复该BADSIG错误，请在终端中使用以下命令：</p>
<ol class="linenums">
<li class="L0"><code><span class="pln">sudo apt<span class="pun">-<span class="kwd">get<span class="pln"> clean</span></span></span></span></code></li>
<li class="L1"><code><span class="pln">cd <span class="pun">/<span class="kwd">var<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">lib<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">apt</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code></li>
<li class="L2"><code><span class="pln">sudo mv lists oldlist</span></code></li>
<li class="L3"><code><span class="pln">sudo mkdir <span class="pun">-<span class="pln">p lists<span class="pun">/<span class="kwd">partial</span></span></span></span></span></code></li>
<li class="L4"><code><span class="pln">sudo apt<span class="pun">-<span class="kwd">get<span class="pln"> clean</span></span></span></span></code></li>
<li class="L5"><code><span class="pln">sudo apt<span class="pun">-<span class="kwd">get<span class="pln"> update</span></span></span></span></code></li>
</ol><br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/long5683/p/11452567.html
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