ubuntu中使用 alien安装rpm包
<p>我们可以使用alien 在ubuntu中安装rpm 包 <br>使用方法：</p>
<h2 id="安装alien">安装 alien</h2>
<ul>
<li>安装</li>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-variable">apt<span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">get <span class="cm-variable">update </span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-variable">apt<span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">get <span class="cm-variable">install <span class="cm-variable">alien</span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<li>帮助命令</li>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-variable">Usage: <span class="cm-variable">alien [<span class="cm-variable">options] <span class="cm-variable">file [<span class="cm-meta">...]</span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-variable">file [<span class="cm-meta">...] <span class="cm-variable">Package <span class="cm-variable">file <span class="cm-variable">or <span class="cm-variable">files <span class="cm-variable">to <span class="cm-variable">convert.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">d, <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">to<span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">deb <span class="cm-variable">Generate <span class="cm-variable">a <span class="cm-variable">Debian <span class="cm-variable">deb <span class="cm-variable">package (<span class="cm-keyword">default).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span> <span class="cm-property">Enables <span class="cm-variable">these <span class="cm-variable">options:</span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span> <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">patch<span class="cm-operator">=<<span class="cm-variable">patch<span class="cm-operator">> <span class="cm-variable">Specify <span class="cm-variable">patch <span class="cm-variable">file <span class="cm-variable">to <span class="cm-variable">use <span class="cm-variable">instead <span class="cm-variable">of <span class="cm-variable">automatically</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span> <span class="cm-variable">looking <span class="cm-keyword">for <span class="cm-variable">patch <span class="cm-keyword">in <span class="cm-string-2">/var/<span class="cm-variable">lib<span class="cm-operator">/<span class="cm-variable">alien.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span> <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">nopatch <span class="cm-variable">Do <span class="cm-variable">not <span class="cm-variable">use <span class="cm-variable">patches.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span> <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">anypatch <span class="cm-variable">Use <span class="cm-variable">even <span class="cm-variable">old <span class="cm-variable">version <span class="cm-variable">os <span class="cm-variable">patches.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span> <span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">s, <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">single <span class="cm-variable">Like <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">generate, <span class="cm-variable">but <span class="cm-keyword">do <span class="cm-variable">not <span class="cm-variable">create .<span class="cm-property">orig</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span> <span class="cm-variable">directory.</span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span> <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">fixperms <span class="cm-variable">Munge<span class="cm-operator">/<span class="cm-variable">fix <span class="cm-variable">permissions <span class="cm-variable">and <span class="cm-variable">owners.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span> <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">test <span class="cm-variable">Test <span class="cm-variable">generated <span class="cm-variable">packages <span class="cm-keyword">with <span class="cm-variable">lintian.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">r, <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">to<span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">rpm <span class="cm-variable">Generate <span class="cm-variable">a <span class="cm-variable">Red <span class="cm-variable">Hat <span class="cm-variable">rpm <span class="cm-variable">package.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span> <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">to<span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">slp <span class="cm-variable">Generate <span class="cm-variable">a <span class="cm-variable">Stampede <span class="cm-variable">slp <span class="cm-variable">package.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">l, <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">to<span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">lsb <span class="cm-variable">Generate <span class="cm-variable">a <span class="cm-variable">LSB <span class="cm-variable">package.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">t, <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">to<span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">tgz <span class="cm-variable">Generate <span class="cm-variable">a <span class="cm-variable">Slackware <span class="cm-variable">tgz <span class="cm-variable">package.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span> <span class="cm-property">Enables <span class="cm-variable">these <span class="cm-variable">options:</span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span> <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">description<span class="cm-operator">=<<span class="cm-variable">desc<span class="cm-operator">> <span class="cm-variable">Specify <span class="cm-variable">package <span class="cm-variable">description.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span> <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">version<span class="cm-operator">=<<span class="cm-variable">version<span class="cm-operator">> <span class="cm-variable">Specify <span class="cm-variable">package <span class="cm-variable">version.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">p, <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">to<span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">pkg <span class="cm-variable">Generate <span class="cm-variable">a <span class="cm-variable">Solaris <span class="cm-variable">pkg <span class="cm-variable">package.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">i, <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">install <span class="cm-variable">Install <span class="cm-variable">generated <span class="cm-variable">package.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">g, <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">generate <span class="cm-variable">Generate <span class="cm-variable">build <span class="cm-variable">tree, <span class="cm-variable">but <span class="cm-keyword">do <span class="cm-variable">not <span class="cm-variable">build <span class="cm-variable">package.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">c, <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">scripts <span class="cm-variable">Include <span class="cm-variable">scripts <span class="cm-keyword">in <span class="cm-variable">package.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span> <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">target<span class="cm-operator">=<<span class="cm-variable">arch<span class="cm-operator">> <span class="cm-variable">Set <span class="cm-variable">architecture <span class="cm-variable">of <span class="cm-variable">the <span class="cm-variable">generated <span class="cm-variable">package.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">v, <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">verbose <span class="cm-variable">Display <span class="cm-variable">each <span class="cm-variable">command <span class="cm-variable">alien <span class="cm-variable">runs.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span> <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">veryverbose <span class="cm-variable">Be <span class="cm-variable">verbose, <span class="cm-variable">and <span class="cm-variable">also <span class="cm-variable">display <span class="cm-variable">output <span class="cm-variable">of <span class="cm-variable">run <span class="cm-variable">commands.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">k, <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">keep<span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">version <span class="cm-variable">Do <span class="cm-variable">not <span class="cm-variable">change <span class="cm-variable">version <span class="cm-variable">of <span class="cm-variable">generated <span class="cm-variable">package.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span> <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">bump<span class="cm-operator">=<span class="cm-variable">number <span class="cm-variable">Increment <span class="cm-variable">package <span class="cm-variable">version <span class="cm-variable">by <span class="cm-keyword">this <span class="cm-variable">number.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">h, <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">help <span class="cm-variable">Display <span class="cm-keyword">this <span class="cm-variable">help <span class="cm-variable">message.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">V, <span class="cm-operator">--<span class="cm-variable">version <span class="cm-variable">Display <span class="cm-variable">alien<span class="cm-string">'s version number.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<h2 id="安装一个rpm包">安装一个rpm 包</h2>
<ul>
<li>下载rpm 包</li>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-variable">wget <span class="cm-variable">https:<span class="cm-comment">//github.com/rongfengliang/exporter-rpm/raw/master/node-exporter-v1.4_centos7-1.x86_64.rpm</span></span></span></span></pre>
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<li>安装rpm包</li>
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<pre class=" CodeMirror-line "><span><span class="cm-variable">alien <span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">i <span class="cm-variable">node<span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">exporter<span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-variable">v1<span class="cm-number">.4<span class="cm-variable">_centos7<span class="cm-operator">-<span class="cm-number">1.<span class="cm-variable">x86_64.<span class="cm-property">rpm</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre>
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<p>效果</p>
<p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/562987/201909/562987-20190917094900844-2025374763.png" alt=""></p>
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<h2 id="参考资料">参考资料</h2>
<p>https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RPM/AlienHowto</p><br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/rongfengliang/p/11531780.html
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