【Linux】Ubuntu替换阿里源
<p>---------------------------------------------------------</p><p>参考文章：https://www.jianshu.com/p/97c35d569aa3</p>
<p>---------------------------------------------------------</p>
<p>因为Ubuntu自带的源服务器在国外，下载和更新软件的时候速度很慢，不稳定，所以需要将源更新为国内的源。国内的源比较多，常用的就是阿里的源。</p>
<p>1.备份原有源文件，方便在替换出问题时回滚</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/source.list.bk</pre>
</div>
<p>2.更改sources.list文件</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>vim /etc/apt/sources.list</pre>
</div>
<p>替换里面的内容为</p>
<div class="cnblogs_Highlighter">
<pre class="brush:bash;gutter:true;"># 阿里源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse </pre>
</div>
<p>这里需要注意的是不同的ubuntu发行版本对应的源也是不一样的，主要的区别在版本号</p>
<p>Ubuntu 12.04 (LTS)代号为precise。</p>
<p>Ubuntu 14.04 (LTS)代号为trusty。</p>
<p>Ubuntu 15.04 代号为vivid。</p>
<p>Ubuntu 15.10 代号为wily。</p>
<p>Ubuntu 16.04 (LTS)代号为xenial。</p>
<p>Ubuntu 18.04 (LTS)代号为bionic。</p>
<p>Ubuntu 19.10 代号为eoan。</p>
<p>目前我的版本是18.04所以里面的版本号是bionic，如果是其他版本号直接替换里面的版本编号即可。</p>
<p>查看自己ubuntu的版本号：</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>lsb_release -c</pre>
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<p>3.更新源</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>sudo apt update</pre>
</div>
<p> </p>
<p><em><strong>附录：</strong></em></p>
<p>中科大镜像源：</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>deb http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb-src http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb-src http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb-src http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb-src http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb-src http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span></pre>
</div>
<p>清华镜像源</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>deb https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb-src https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb-src https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb-src https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb-src https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb-src https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span></pre>
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<p> </p>
<p>附：</p>
<p>刚安装Ubuntu时，系统只自带了vi,而没有vim</p>
<p>安装vim</p>
<div class="cnblogs_Highlighter">
<pre class="brush:Perl;gutter:true;">apt install vim
</pre>
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<p> </p>
<p>vim全选删除</p>
<p>按esc进入视图模式，ggVG进行全选，d删除</p><br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/Lingcc/p/11120434.html 顶一个！感谢楼主的分享，这个教程非常实用！
之前用Ubuntu的时候确实被官方源的速度折磨过，apt update要等半天。现在换成阿里源确实快很多，造福我们这些国内用户。
补充几点小建议：
1. 替换源之前最好先备份，这个楼主已经提到了，很重要！
2. 替换完源之后建议执行一下 sudo apt upgrade 全面更新一下系统
3. 如果后续想要换回官方源或者其他镜像源，可以直接用备份的文件恢复：
sudo cp /etc/apt/source.list.bk /etc/apt/sources.list
4. 除了阿里源之外，清华源和中科大源也都挺稳定的，有些时候可以换着试试
另外如果是新手的话，用sudo sed -i 's/archive.ubuntu.com/mirrors.aliyun.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list 这个命令可以一键替换，更快捷一些，不过手动编辑也没问题，更稳妥。
再次感谢楼主的详细教程，收藏了！希望圆梦公社越来越热闹，多一些这样实用的技术贴！
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