debian（Linux）系统安装python3.7.3
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"">1.首先安装构建Python源代码所需的软件包：</span></strong></span></h3><p><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"">sudo apt install build-essential zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libgdbm-dev libnss3-dev libssl-dev libreadline-dev libffi-dev wget</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"">2.使用wget或从Python下载页面下载最新版本的源代码</span></strong></span></p>
<p> <span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"">wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.3/Python-3.7.3.tar.xz</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"">3.下载完成后，解压缩tarball：</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="margin-left: 30px"><code class="language-markup"> tar -xf Python-3.7.3.tar.xz</code></p>
<p><code class="language-markup"></code><span style="font-size: 16px"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"">4.导航到Python源目录并运行<code>configure</code>脚本：</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="margin-left: 30px"><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"">该configure脚本将执行许多检查，以确保系统上的所有依赖项都存在。</span></p>
<p style="margin-left: 30px"><code class="language-markup"> cd Python-3.7.3</code></p>
<p style="margin-left: 30px"><code class="language-markup"> ./configure --enable-optimizations</code></p>
<p style="margin-left: 30px"><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"">--enable-optimizations选项将通过运行多个测试来优化Python二进制文件，这将使构建过程变慢。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"">5.运行<code>make</code>以开始构建过程：</span></strong></span></p>
<pre class="language-markup"><code class="language-markup"> make -j 4<br> <br> 为了缩短构建时间，需要根据处理器修改-j标志。如果不知道处理器的核心数量，可以通过键入nproc来找到它。本文以8个内核为例，则使用的是-j8标志。<br></code></pre>
<p> <span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"">无make时apt-get install gcc automake autoconf libtool make 安装make</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"; font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"">6.</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC""><strong><span style="font-size: 16px">构建完成后，以具有sudo访问权限的用户身份运行以下命令来安装Python二进制文件</span>：</strong></span></p>
<p><code class="language-markup"> <span style="font-size: 12px; font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"">sudo make altinstall</span></code><code class="language-markup"><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"; font-size: 16px"><br></span></code></p>
<p><code class="language-markup"><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"; font-size: 16px"> 不要使用该标准</span></code><code class="language-markup"><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"; font-size: 16px"><code>make</code></span></code><code class="language-markup"><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"; font-size: 16px"><code> install</code>，因为它将覆盖默认的系统<code>python3</code>二进制文件</span></code></p>
<h3 class="language-markup"><code class="language-markup"><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC""><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"; font-size: 16px">7. Python 3.7已安装在Debian系统上并可以使用了。我们可以输入以下命令来验证一下：<br></span></strong></span></code></h3>
<pre class="language-markup"><code class="language-markup"> python3.7 --version<br><br></code><code class="language-markup"><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC""><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"; font-size: 16px">END</span></strong></span></code></pre>
<pre class="language-markup"><code class="language-markup"><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC""><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"">debian安装报错</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC""><br><strong>1.</strong>root@debian11-32:/home/admin123# sudo apt-get install build-essential zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libgdbm-dev libnss3-dev libssl-dev libreadline-dev libffi-dev wget<br>正在读取软件包列表... 完成<br>正在分析软件包的依赖关系树... 完成<br>正在读取状态信息... 完成 <br>E: 无法定位软件包 libgdbm-dev<br></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"; font-size: 16px"><span style="font-size: 12px">E: 无法定位软件包 libnss3-dev</span><br></span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体, "Songti SC"; font-size: 16px"><span style="font-size: 12px">解决方案</span>：</span></strong></span></code>apt<span class="hljs-operator">-<span class="hljs-keyword">get <span class="hljs-keyword">update<br></span></span></span> apt-g<span class="hljs-operator"><span class="hljs-keyword">et upgrade<br></span></span><span class="hljs-operator"><span class="hljs-keyword"> apt-<span class="hljs-keyword">get install aptitude<br></span></span></span>安装依赖包aptitude -y install gcc <span class="hljs-built_in">make zlib1g-dev libffi-dev libssl-dev<br></span><span class="hljs-built_in"> aptitude -y install libffi-dev libssl-dev<br> 第一步略过<br><strong><span style="font-size: 16px">2</span></strong>.wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.4/Python-3.7.4.tar.xz</span>出现正在解析主机 www.python.org (www.python.org)… 失败：未知的名称或服务。wget: 无法解析主机地址 “www.python.org”问题<br><strong><span style="font-size: 12px">解决方案：</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12px">打开终端，在终端中执行sudo vi /etc/resolv.conf；</span><br><span style="font-size: 12px"> 然后将nameserver关键字后面的ip地址修改为：</span><br><span style="font-size: 12px"> nameserver 8.8.8.8 # google域名服务器</span><br><span style="font-size: 12px"> nameserver 8.8.4.4 # google域名服务器<br> 保存退出，问题解决</span></pre><br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/xuweiqibky/p/15695775.html
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