CentOS 7 RPM 离线安装 MySQL 8
<h2 id="1-前往-mysql-官网-下载-bundle-tar-包">1. 前往 MySQL 官网 下载 Bundle tar 包</h2><p><img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1209352/202106/1209352-20210614174152710-2004616177.png" alt="这个是 x86 架构 64 位 CPU 的安装包" loading="lazy"></p>
<h2 id="2-解压-tar-包得到以下文件">2. 解压 tar 包，得到以下文件</h2>
<pre><code class="language-shell">-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 3141547810444 4月26 15:36 mysql-community-client-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 193616 4月26 15:36 mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 628904 4月26 15:36 mysql-community-common-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 6800820 4月26 15:36 mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 3141523586756 4月26 15:37 mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 4240320 4月26 15:37 mysql-community-libs-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 1262876 4月26 15:37 mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 448614076 4月26 15:38 mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 260841936 4月26 15:40 mysql-community-test-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
</code></pre>
<h2 id="3-卸载系统自带的-mariadb">3. 卸载系统自带的 MariaDB</h2>
<pre><code class="language-shell">rpm -qa | grep mariadb
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
</code></pre>
<h2 id="4-按照以下顺序安装-mysql8">4. 按照以下顺序安装 MySQL8</h2>
<pre><code class="language-shell">1. rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
2. rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
3. rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
4. rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
5. rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
6. rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
</code></pre>
<h3 id="41-安装-mysql-community-server-8025-1el7x86_64rpm-的时候需要依赖-net-tools如果没有-net-tools-会安装失败此时先安装-net-tools然后再安装-mysql-community-server-8025-1el7x86_64rpm-即可">4.1 安装 mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 的时候需要依赖 net-tools，如果没有 net-tools 会安装失败，此时先安装 net-tools，然后再安装 mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 即可</h3>
<pre><code class="language-shell"># 安装 mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 依赖报错
# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
错误：依赖检测失败：
net-tools 被 mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64 需要
# 安装 net-tools
# yum install net-tools
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 net-tools.x86_64.0.2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
==================================================================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
==================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
net-tools x86_64 2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 base 306 k
事务概要
==================================================================================================================================
安装1 软件包
总下载量：306 k
安装大小：917 k
Is this ok : y
Downloading packages:
net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm | 306 kB00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
警告：RPM 数据库已被非 yum 程序修改。
** 发现 2 个已存在的 RPM 数据库问题， 'yum check' 输出如下：
2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 有缺少的需求 libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)
2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 有缺少的需求 libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)
正在安装 : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 1/1
验证中 : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 1/1
已安装:
net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7
完毕！
# net-tools 安装完成后再次安装 mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中... #################################
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.e#################################
</code></pre>
<h3 id="42-安装-mysql-community-devel-8025-1el7x86_64rpm-的时候需要依赖-pkgconfigopenssl如果报错则同样先安装-openssl-devel-即可">4.2 安装 mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 的时候需要依赖 pkgconfig(openssl)，如果报错则同样先安装 openssl-devel 即可</h3>
<pre><code class="language-shell"># 安装 mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 依赖报错
# rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
错误：依赖检测失败：
pkgconfig(openssl) 被 mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64 需要
# 安装 openssl-devel
# yum install openssl-devel
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 openssl-devel.x86_64.1.1.0.2k-21.el7_9 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 zlib-devel(x86-64)，它被软件包 1:openssl-devel-1.0.2k-21.el7_9.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 krb5-devel(x86-64)，它被软件包 1:openssl-devel-1.0.2k-21.el7_9.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 krb5-devel.x86_64.0.1.15.1-50.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libkadm5(x86-64) = 1.15.1-50.el7，它被软件包 krb5-devel-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libverto-devel，它被软件包 krb5-devel-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libselinux-devel，它被软件包 krb5-devel-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libcom_err-devel，它被软件包 krb5-devel-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 keyutils-libs-devel，它被软件包 krb5-devel-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 zlib-devel.x86_64.0.1.2.7-19.el7_9 将被 安装
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 keyutils-libs-devel.x86_64.0.1.5.8-3.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 libcom_err-devel.x86_64.0.1.42.9-19.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 libkadm5.x86_64.0.1.15.1-50.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 libselinux-devel.x86_64.0.2.5-15.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libsepol-devel(x86-64) >= 2.5-10，它被软件包 libselinux-devel-2.5-15.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 pkgconfig(libsepol)，它被软件包 libselinux-devel-2.5-15.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 pkgconfig(libpcre)，它被软件包 libselinux-devel-2.5-15.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 libverto-devel.x86_64.0.0.2.5-4.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 libsepol-devel.x86_64.0.2.5-10.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 pcre-devel.x86_64.0.8.32-17.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
==================================================================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
==================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
openssl-devel x86_64 1:1.0.2k-21.el7_9 updates 1.5 M
为依赖而安装:
keyutils-libs-devel x86_64 1.5.8-3.el7 base 37 k
krb5-devel x86_64 1.15.1-50.el7 base 273 k
libcom_err-devel x86_64 1.42.9-19.el7 base 32 k
libkadm5 x86_64 1.15.1-50.el7 base 179 k
libselinux-devel x86_64 2.5-15.el7 base 187 k
libsepol-devel x86_64 2.5-10.el7 base 77 k
libverto-devel x86_64 0.2.5-4.el7 base 12 k
pcre-devel x86_64 8.32-17.el7 base 480 k
zlib-devel x86_64 1.2.7-19.el7_9 updates 50 k
事务概要
==================================================================================================================================
安装1 软件包 (+9 依赖软件包)
总下载量：2.8 M
安装大小：6.0 M
Is this ok : Is this ok : y
Downloading packages:
(1/10): libcom_err-devel-1.42.9-19.el7.x86_64.rpm |32 kB00:00:00
(2/10): keyutils-libs-devel-1.5.8-3.el7.x86_64.rpm |37 kB00:00:00
(3/10): krb5-devel-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64.rpm | 273 kB00:00:00
(4/10): libkadm5-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64.rpm | 179 kB00:00:00
(5/10): libselinux-devel-2.5-15.el7.x86_64.rpm | 187 kB00:00:00
(6/10): libverto-devel-0.2.5-4.el7.x86_64.rpm |12 kB00:00:00
(7/10): libsepol-devel-2.5-10.el7.x86_64.rpm |77 kB00:00:00
(8/10): zlib-devel-1.2.7-19.el7_9.x86_64.rpm |50 kB00:00:00
(9/10): openssl-devel-1.0.2k-21.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 1.5 MB00:00:00
(10/10): pcre-devel-8.32-17.el7.x86_64.rpm | 480 kB00:00:00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计 2.0 MB/s | 2.8 MB00:00:01
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在安装 : libkadm5-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 1/10
正在安装 : libsepol-devel-2.5-10.el7.x86_64 2/10
正在安装 : libcom_err-devel-1.42.9-19.el7.x86_64 3/10
正在安装 : zlib-devel-1.2.7-19.el7_9.x86_64 4/10
正在安装 : pcre-devel-8.32-17.el7.x86_64 5/10
正在安装 : libselinux-devel-2.5-15.el7.x86_64 6/10
正在安装 : keyutils-libs-devel-1.5.8-3.el7.x86_64 7/10
正在安装 : libverto-devel-0.2.5-4.el7.x86_64 8/10
正在安装 : krb5-devel-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 9/10
正在安装 : 1:openssl-devel-1.0.2k-21.el7_9.x86_64 10/10
验证中 : libselinux-devel-2.5-15.el7.x86_64 1/10
验证中 : 1:openssl-devel-1.0.2k-21.el7_9.x86_64 2/10
验证中 : libverto-devel-0.2.5-4.el7.x86_64 3/10
验证中 : krb5-devel-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 4/10
验证中 : keyutils-libs-devel-1.5.8-3.el7.x86_64 5/10
验证中 : pcre-devel-8.32-17.el7.x86_64 6/10
验证中 : zlib-devel-1.2.7-19.el7_9.x86_64 7/10
验证中 : libcom_err-devel-1.42.9-19.el7.x86_64 8/10
验证中 : libsepol-devel-2.5-10.el7.x86_64 9/10
验证中 : libkadm5-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 10/10
已安装:
openssl-devel.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-21.el7_9
作为依赖被安装:
keyutils-libs-devel.x86_64 0:1.5.8-3.el7 krb5-devel.x86_64 0:1.15.1-50.el7 libcom_err-devel.x86_64 0:1.42.9-19.el7
libkadm5.x86_64 0:1.15.1-50.el7 libselinux-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-15.el7 libsepol-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-10.el7
libverto-devel.x86_64 0:0.2.5-4.el7 pcre-devel.x86_64 0:8.32-17.el7 zlib-devel.x86_64 0:1.2.7-19.el7_9
完毕！
# 再次安装 mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中... #################################
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el#################################
</code></pre>
<h2 id="5-启动-mysql-服务">5. 启动 MySQL 服务</h2>
<pre><code class="language-shell"># 启动 MySQL 服务
# service mysqld start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service
# 查看启动状态
# service status mysqld
The service command supports only basic LSB actions (start, stop, restart, try-restart, reload, force-reload, status). For other actions, please try to use systemctl.
# service mysqld status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 一 2021-06-14 13:50:41 CST; 29s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 7989 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 8070 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─8070 /usr/sbin/mysqld
6月 14 13:50:31 sangni systemd: Starting MySQL Server...
6月 14 13:50:41 sangni systemd: Started MySQL Server.
</code></pre>
<h2 id="6-修改默认密码开启远程连接">6. 修改默认密码开启远程连接</h2>
<pre><code class="language-shell"># 查看默认密码
# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2021-06-14T05:50:35.796216Z 6 A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: wfz2/(r6oiwM
# 使用默认密码登陆 MySQL
# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.25
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
# 没有修改默认密码无法执行任何操作，会报错提示需要修改密码
mysql> select version();
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
# 修改 root 用户密码
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'xxxx';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
# 查看 MySQL 版本
mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 8.0.25 |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
# 使用 MySQL Schema/Database
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
# 修改 root 用户的 host 列值，开启远程连接
mysql> update user set host='%' where user ='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1Changed: 1Warnings: 0
# 刷新缓存
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
# 给 root 用户授予所有权限
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%'WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
</code></pre>
<h2 id="7-搞定收工饮茶先啦">7. 搞定收工，饮茶先啦！</h2><br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/asimov/p/14882949.html
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