ubuntu 安装jdk

小脖一更更 發表於 2022-1-19 10:38:00

https://developer.aliyun.com/article/704959#:~:text=%E4%B8%80.%20Ubuntu%20%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85JDK%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%A4%E7%A7%8D%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F.%201.%20%E9%80%9A%E8%BF%87apt%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85.%202.%20%E9%80%9A%E8%BF%87%E5%AE%98%E7%BD%91%E4%B8%8B%E8%BD%BD%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85.%20%E8%BF%99%E9%87%8C%E6%8E%A8%E8%8D%90%E7%AC%AC1%E7%A7%8D%2C%E5%9B%A0%E4%B8%BA%E5%8F%AF%E4%BB%A5%E9%80%9A%E8%BF%87,apt-get%20upgrade%20%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F%E6%96%B9%E4%BE%BF%E8%8E%B7%E5%BE%97jdk%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%87%E7%BA%A7.%20%E4%BA%8C.%20%E9%80%9A%E8%BF%87apt%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%20%28jdk%E6%9C%89%E5%BE%88%E5%A4%9A%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%2C%20%E8%BF%99%E9%87%8C%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D%E4%B8%A4%E7%A7%8D%3A%20openjdk%E5%92%8Coracle%E7%9A%84JDK%29
 
 
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<h1 id="slide-0" data-spm-anchor-id="a2c6h.12873639.0.i15.592e5179jj41zU">一. Ubuntu 安装JDK的两种方式</h1>
<h3 id="slide-1">1. 通过apt安装.</h3>
<h3 id="slide-2">2. 通过官网下载安装包安装.</h3>
这里推荐第1种,因为可以通过 apt-get upgrade 方式方便获得jdk的升级
<h1 id="slide-3">二. 通过apt安装(jdk有很多版本, 这里介绍两种: openjdk和oracle的JDK)</h1>
<h3 id="slide-4">1. openjdk</h3>
(1) 查找合适的openjdk版本:
<pre data-spm-anchor-id="a2c6h.12873639.0.i2.592e5179jj41zU"><code class="hljs sql" data-spm-anchor-id="a2c6h.12873639.0.i3.592e5179jj41zU">apt-cache search openjdk</code></pre>
输入以上命令后会列出很多版本, 选择自己需要的即可:
<pre><code class="hljs routeros">default-jdk-doc - Standard Java or Java compatible Development Kit (documentation)
…(省略部分显示结果)
openjdk-6-source - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source files
openjdk-7-jre-dcevm - Alternative VM for OpenJDK 7 with enhanced class redefinition
openjdk-7-jre-lib - OpenJDK Java runtime (architecture independent libraries)
openjdk-7-jre-zero - Alternative JVM for OpenJDK, using Zero/Shark
openjdk-8-dbg - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (debugging symbols)
openjdk-8-demo - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (demos and examples)
openjdk-8-doc - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentation
openjdk-8-jdk - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)
openjdk-8-jre - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT
openjdk-8-jre-headless - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)
openjdk-8-jre-jamvm - Alternative JVM for OpenJDK, using JamVM
openjdk-8-jre-zero - Alternative JVM for OpenJDK, using Zero/Shark
openjdk-8-source - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source files
uwsgi-app-integration-plugins - plugins for integration of uWSGI and application
uwsgi-plugin-jvm-openjdk-7 - Java plugin for uWSGI (OpenJDK 7)</code></pre>
(2) 安装
<pre data-spm-anchor-id="a2c6h.12873639.0.i4.592e5179jj41zU"><code class="hljs routeros">sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk</code></pre>
(3) 配置环境变量, 编辑如下文件:
<pre data-spm-anchor-id="a2c6h.12873639.0.i6.592e5179jj41zU"><code class="hljs jboss-cli" data-spm-anchor-id="a2c6h.12873639.0.i7.592e5179jj41zU">vim ~/.bashrc</code></pre>
在最后一行加:
<pre data-spm-anchor-id="a2c6h.12873639.0.i9.592e5179jj41zU"><code class="hljs crystal" data-spm-anchor-id="a2c6h.12873639.0.i8.592e5179jj41zU">export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar</code></pre>
(4) 测试jdk是否安装成功:
<pre><code class="hljs applescript">java -version</code></pre>
显示如下结果, 则说明安装成功:
<pre><code class="hljs routeros">openjdk version “1.8.0_91”
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_91-8u91-b14-0ubuntu4~15.10.1-b14)
OpenJDK Server VM (build 25.91-b14, mixed mode)</code></pre>
<h3 id="slide-5">2. oracle的JDK</h3>
(1) 添加ppa
<pre><code class="hljs smali">sudo apt install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update</code></pre>
(2) 安装oracle-java-installer
<pre><code class="hljs routeros">sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer</code></pre>
安装器会提示你同意 oracle 的服务条款,选择 ok, 然后选择yes 即可
(3) 设置系统默认jdk
<pre><code class="hljs sql">sudo update-java-alternatives -s java-8-oracle</code></pre>
(4) 如果即安装了jdk7,又安装了jdk8,要实现两者的切换,可以: jdk8 切换到jdk7
<pre><code class="hljs sql">sudo update-java-alternatives -s java-7-oracle</code></pre>
jdk7 切换到jdk8
<pre><code class="hljs sql">sudo update-java-alternatives -s java-8-oracle</code></pre>
(5) 测试jdk是否安装成功:
<pre><code class="hljs applescript">java -version</code></pre>
<h1 id="slide-6">三. 直接下载jdk压缩包方式安装</h1>
<h3 id="slide-7">1. 官网下载JDK　　　</h3>
地址: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/articles/javase/index-jsp-138363.html, 选择相应的 .gz包下载
<h3 id="slide-8">2. 解压缩,放到指定目录(以jdk-7u60-linux-x64.gz为例)</h3>
创建目录:
<pre><code class="hljs crystal">sudo mkdir /usr/lib/jvm</code></pre>
解压缩到该目录:
<pre><code class="hljs crystal">sudo tar -zxvf jdk-7u60-linux-x64.gz -C /usr/lib/jvm</code></pre>
<h3 id="slide-9">3. 修改环境变量</h3>
<pre><code class="hljs jboss-cli">sudo vim ~/.bashrc</code></pre>
文件的末尾追加下面内容:
<pre><code class="hljs routeros">#set oracle jdk environment
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_60## 这里要注意目录要换成自己解压的jdk 目录
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH</code></pre>
使环境变量马上生效:
<pre><code class="hljs bash">source ~/.bashrc</code></pre>
<h3 id="slide-10">4. 设置系统默认jdk版本</h3>
<pre><code class="hljs crystal">sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_60/bin/java 300
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_60/bin/javac 300
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jar jar /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_60/bin/jar 300
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javah javah /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_60/bin/javah 300
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javap javap /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_60/bin/javap 300</code></pre>
然后执行:
<pre><code class="hljs pgsql">sudo update-alternatives --config java</code></pre>
若是初次安装jdk,会有下面的提示 :
<pre><code class="hljs routeros">There is only one alternative in link group java (providing /usr/bin/java):
/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_60/bin/java</code></pre>
<h3 id="slide-11">5. 测试jdk</h3>
<pre><code class="hljs applescript">java -version</code></pre>
若有如下结果, 则说明jdk 安装成功:
<pre><code class="hljs routeros">java version "1.7.0_60"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_60-b19)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.60-b09, mixed mode)</code></pre>
<h3 id="slide-12">6. 可能出现的错误信息</h3>
<pre><code class="hljs smali">bash: ./java: cannot execute binary file</code></pre>
出现这个错误的原因可能是在32位的操作系统上安装了64位的jdk, 查看你安装的Ubuntu是32位还是64位系统:
<pre><code class="hljs ebnf">sudo uname -m</code></pre>
i686表示是32位, x86_64表示是64位
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来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/beilong/p/15821272.html

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ubuntu 安装jdk