Ubuntu系统安装 Zabbix Server 6.0

木马蛋糕 發表於 2022-8-30 17:29:00

Zabbix6.0简介：
zabbix6.0新特性
1、开箱即用的Zabbix server高可用群集
Zabbix server高可用防止硬件故障或计划维护期的停机：
<ul>
<li>原生选择加入HA群集配置</li>
<li>定义一个或多个备用节点</li>
<li>实时监控Zabbix server群集节点的状态</li>
<li>不需要外部工具即可将Zabbix server配置为HA群集模式</li>
</ul>
2、Kubernetes监控
Zabbix6.0LTS新增Kubernetes监控功能，可以在Kubernetes系统从多个维度采集指标：
<ul>
<li>Kubernetes节点和pods的自动发现和监控</li>
<li>无代理方式采集Kubernetes pods和节点的信息</li>
<li>获取Kubernetes节点主机高水平信息</li>
</ul>
Kubernetes监控还能够监控Kubernetes组件，例如
<ul>
<li>kube-controller-manager</li>
<li>kube-apiserver·kube-scheduler</li>
<li>kubelet</li>
</ul>
3、可视化数据的新方法
Zabbix6.0新增的构件提供了展示信息的许多新方法。
<ul>
<li>地理地图构件能在地图上显示主机和问题</li>
<li>主机排序组件可显示按监控项值排序的前N个或后N个主机的列表</li>
<li>单一监控项构件能展示单个指标的值</li>
<li>SLA构件能显示特定业务服务的当前SLA</li>
</ul>
<img src="https://img2022.cnblogs.com/blog/2605882/202209/2605882-20220908142350991-411733307.png">
4、新增模板和集成
Zabbix6.0为最受欢迎的供应商提供了许多新模板：
<ul>
<li>Cisco ASAV</li>
<li>Cloudflare</li>
<li>Dell PowerEdge</li>
<li>f5BIG-IP</li>
<li>GridGain</li>
<li>HPE ProLiant servers</li>
<li>InfluxDB</li>
<li>Kubernetes</li>
<li>Mikrotik</li>
<li>NGINXPlus</li>
<li>pfsense</li>
<li>Systemd</li>
<li>Travis Cl</li>
<li>VMWare SD-WAN VeloCloud</li>
</ul>
 
安装部署：
<hr>
一、安装MySQL8.0
方法如下：
https://www.cnblogs.com/Magiclala/p/16638781.html
确认安装的MySQL版本
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>root@Zabbix-Server:~# mysql -V
mysqlVer 8.0.30 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)</code></pre>
创建初始Zabbix数据库
安装完成后，root账户登录数据库，配置一个用户zabbix，设置密码为password，并配置本地登录权限 localhost 或者 远程登录权限 %
<pre class="language-sql highlighter-hljs"><code>sudo mysql -uroot -p
password
mysq1> create database zabbix character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin; #zabbix创建数据库要指定字符集，如果不指定中文会乱码，英文不乱码。
mysql> create user zabbix@'%' identified by 'Qqq1234.0';
mysq1> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@'%'; #grant授权 all privileges所有权限 on zabbix表里的.*所有文件，授权给zabbix用户 @'%'远程和本地登录
mysq1> quit;</code></pre>
<pre class="language-sql highlighter-hljs"><code>#如果数据库与zbx，php在一起
grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@'localhost' identified by 'Qqq1234.0';
#如果数据库与zbx，php不在一起
grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@'172.16.%'identified by 'Qqq1234.0';
#甚至
grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@'%'identified by 'Qqq1234.0';</code></pre>
验证登录：
<pre class="language-sql highlighter-hljs"><code>root@Zabbix-Server:~# mysql -uzabbix -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 19
Server version: 8.0.30 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| performance_schema |
| zabbix |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
root@Zabbix-Server:~# </code></pre>
数据库账户基本操作命令
<pre class="language-sql highlighter-hljs"><code>#查询数据库账户
select user, host from mysql.user;
#删除账户 'zabbix'
drop user 'zabbix'@'%';
#查询数据库
show databases;
#删除数据库zabbix;
drop database zabbix;
#修改账户密码
alter user 'zabbix'@'%' identifiedby 'Qqqq1234.com';</code></pre>
二、安装Zabbix环境版本：Ubuntu 20.04.4 LTS (GNU/Linux 5.15.0-46-generic x86_64)
安装环境要求：Zabbix官网环境要求
<img src="https://img2022.cnblogs.com/blog/2605882/202209/2605882-20220901163925331-1223179145.png">
Zabbix官网安装流程跳转
去Wget Zabbix-Server 6.0版本安装包
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>wget https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/6.0/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_6.0-3+ubuntu20.04_all.deb</code></pre>
或者去Wget阿里源的安装包
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/6.0/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_6.0-3+ubuntu22.04_all.deb</code></pre>
解压缩安装包
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>dpkg -i zabbix-release_6.0-3+ubuntu20.04_all.deb</code></pre>
apt更新
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>apt update</code></pre>
这里注意：这里安装zabbix-agent2而不是官方操作流程是安装zabbix-agent，zabbix-agent有2个版本，2会支持更多功能，一定要安装2哦。还要注意是安装apache还是nginx，注意选择
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>apt install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-frontend-php zabbix-apache-conf zabbix-sql-scripts zabbix-agent2</code></pre>
安装Zabbix中文字体
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>apt -y install language-pack-zh-hans</code></pre>
 
导入初始架构和数据，系统将提示您输入新创建的密码。
数据库在本地用-h localhost 最后的zabbix是库
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-sql-scripts/mysql/server.sql.gz | mysql -uzabbix -p -h localhost zabbix</code></pre>
数据库不在本地用-h IP地址最后的zabbix是库
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-sql-scripts/mysql/server.sql.gz | mysql -uzabbix -p -h 192.168.168.201 zabbix</code></pre>
 
验证登录：
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>root@Zabbix-Server:~# mysql -uzabbix -p

mysql> use zabbix

mysql> show databases;</code></pre>
<details>
<summary>查看全部过程，导入了173张表</summary>
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>root@Zabbix-Server:~# mysql -uzabbix -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 22
Server version: 8.0.30 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| performance_schema |
| zabbix |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.09 sec)

mysql> use zabbix
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------------------+
| Tables_in_zabbix |
+----------------------------+
| acknowledges |
| actions |
| alerts |
| auditlog |
| autoreg_host |
| conditions |
| config |
| config_autoreg_tls |
| corr_condition |
| corr_condition_group |
| corr_condition_tag |
| corr_condition_tagpair |
| corr_condition_tagvalue |
| corr_operation |
| correlation |
| dashboard |
| dashboard_page |
| dashboard_user |
| dashboard_usrgrp |
| dbversion |
| dchecks |
| dhosts |
| drules |
| dservices |
| escalations |
| event_recovery |
| event_suppress |
| event_tag |
| events |
| expressions |
| functions |
| globalmacro |
| globalvars |
| graph_discovery |
| graph_theme |
| graphs |
| graphs_items |
| group_discovery |
| group_prototype |
| ha_node |
| history |
| history_log |
| history_str |
| history_text |
| history_uint |
| host_discovery |
| host_inventory |
| host_tag |
| hostmacro |
| hosts |
| hosts_groups |
| hosts_templates |
| housekeeper |
| hstgrp |
| httpstep |
| httpstep_field |
| httpstepitem |
| httptest |
| httptest_field |
| httptest_tag |
| httptestitem |
| icon_map |
| icon_mapping |
| ids |
| images |
| interface |
| interface_discovery |
| interface_snmp |
| item_condition |
| item_discovery |
| item_parameter |
| item_preproc |
| item_rtdata |
| item_tag |
| items |
| lld_macro_path |
| lld_override |
| lld_override_condition |
| lld_override_opdiscover |
| lld_override_operation |
| lld_override_ophistory |
| lld_override_opinventory |
| lld_override_opperiod |
| lld_override_opseverity |
| lld_override_opstatus |
| lld_override_optag |
| lld_override_optemplate |
| lld_override_optrends |
| maintenance_tag |
| maintenances |
| maintenances_groups |
| maintenances_hosts |
| maintenances_windows |
| media |
| media_type |
| media_type_message |
| media_type_param |
| module |
| opcommand |
| opcommand_grp |
| opcommand_hst |
| opconditions |
| operations |
| opgroup |
| opinventory |
| opmessage |
| opmessage_grp |
| opmessage_usr |
| optemplate |
| problem |
| problem_tag |
| profiles |
| proxy_autoreg_host |
| proxy_dhistory |
| proxy_history |
| regexps |
| report |
| report_param |
| report_user |
| report_usrgrp |
| rights |
| role |
| role_rule |
| script_param |
| scripts |
| service_alarms |
| service_problem |
| service_problem_tag |
| service_status_rule |
| service_tag |
| services |
| services_links |
| sessions |
| sla |
| sla_excluded_downtime |
| sla_schedule |
| sla_service_tag |
| sysmap_element_trigger |
| sysmap_element_url |
| sysmap_shape |
| sysmap_url |
| sysmap_user |
| sysmap_usrgrp |
| sysmaps |
| sysmaps_element_tag |
| sysmaps_elements |
| sysmaps_link_triggers |
| sysmaps_links |
| tag_filter |
| task |
| task_acknowledge |
| task_check_now |
| task_close_problem |
| task_data |
| task_remote_command |
| task_remote_command_result |
| task_result |
| timeperiods |
| token |
| trends |
| trends_uint |
| trigger_depends |
| trigger_discovery |
| trigger_queue |
| trigger_tag |
| triggers |
| users |
| users_groups |
| usrgrp |
| valuemap |
| valuemap_mapping |
| widget |
| widget_field |
+----------------------------+
173 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql></code></pre>
</details>
 
为Zabbix server配置数据库编辑配置文件
找到“#DBPassword=”注释掉的那一行，修改成你的zabbix密码，我们的是Qqq1234.0
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
DBPassword=Qqq1234.0</code></pre>
启动Zabbix-Server、Zabbix-agent2、apache2 并检查他们的状态
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent2 apache2
systemctl enable zabbix-server zabbix-agent2 apache2
systemctl status zabbix-server zabbix-agent2 apache2</code></pre>
浏览器访问:http://192.168.0.X/zabbix/
<img src="https://img2022.cnblogs.com/blog/2605882/202209/2605882-20220901192529940-1257640722.png">
默认英文，选择中文界面（前面已经安装中文语音），下一步
<img src="https://img2022.cnblogs.com/blog/2605882/202209/2605882-20220901192628126-230055215.png">
检查全部ok，下一步，密码过于简单的时候，注意配置选择去掉加密模式，可能过不去
<img src="https://img2022.cnblogs.com/blog/2605882/202209/2605882-20220901192723613-1327297475.png"><img src="https://img2022.cnblogs.com/blog/2605882/202209/2605882-20220905111031057-759474603.png">
选择上海时区，这里的zabbix主机名称，其实是你的网站名字下一步
<img src="https://img2022.cnblogs.com/blog/2605882/202209/2605882-20220901192932708-1800231108.png">
<img src="https://img2022.cnblogs.com/blog/2605882/202209/2605882-20220901192954503-965434688.png"><img src="https://img2022.cnblogs.com/blog/2605882/202209/2605882-20220901193009242-2112798736.png">
汇总完成。
通过find命令，你可以找到配置文件的位置
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>find / -name "zabbix.conf.php"</code></pre>
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>root@Zabbix-Server:~# find / -name "zabbix.conf.php"
find: ‘/run/user/125/gvfs’: Permission denied
/etc/zabbix/web/zabbix.conf.php
/usr/share/zabbix/conf/zabbix.conf.php
root@Zabbix-Server:~# ls -l /usr/share/zabbix/conf/zabbix.conf.php
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 31 8月29 15:33 /usr/share/zabbix/conf/zabbix.conf.php -> /etc/zabbix/web/zabbix.conf.php
root@Zabbix-Server:~# </code></pre>
软连接地址是/usr/share/zabbix/conf/zabbix.conf.php
真实的地址是/etc/zabbix/web/zabbix.conf.php
未来在修改数据库地址的时候需要用到
登录Zabbix：
初始用户名称：Admin
初始密码：zabbix
<img src="https://img2022.cnblogs.com/blog/2605882/202209/2605882-20220901194248343-2109132632.png">
首次登录成功界面，可以看到你设置的Zabbix主机名称
<img src="https://img2022.cnblogs.com/blog/2605882/202209/2605882-20220901195511834-757020629.png">
 
（如果）分布式部署Zabbix
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

找到如下内容，修改成对应IP

# DBHost=localhost
DBHost=192.168.168.104

# DBName=
DBName=zabbix

# DBUser=
DBUser=zabbix

# DBPassword=
DBPassword=Qqq1234.0

# HANodeName=
HANodeName=Zabbix-Server1

# NodeAddress=localhost:10051
NodeAddress=192.168.168.101:10051

wq退出后重启服务
systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent2 apache2
systemctl enable zabbix-server zabbix-agent2 apache2</code></pre>
主节点执行
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>root@Zabbix-Server1:~# zabbix_server -R ha_status
Failover delay: 60 seconds
Cluster status:
#ID Name Address Status Last Access
1. cl7o68azc00018h2faz2usgfg Zabbix-Server1 192.168.168.101:10051 active 3s
2. cl7o68j7000010m2g1helhtq0 Zabbix-Server2 192.168.168.102:10051 standby 1s
3. cl7o68y2500016y2hgwidz4qs Zabbix-Server3 192.168.168.103:10051 standby 1s
root@Zabbix-Server1:~# </code></pre>
报表-系统信息可以查看HA信息
<img src="https://img2022.cnblogs.com/blog/2605882/202209/2605882-20220905113932231-2005906701.png">
修改主机时区（如有必要）：
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
date -R
Thu, 01 Sep 2022 20:25:24 +0800</code></pre>
 
解决中文乱码问题：
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>apt -y install ttf-wqy-microhei
cp /usr/share/fonts/truetype/wqy/wqy-microhei.ttc /usr/share/zabbix/assets/fonts/graphfont.ttf</code></pre>
 
客户端的配置：angent2配置Server服务器的路径
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.conf</code></pre>
找到Server=127.0.0.1
修改为服务器地址192.168.1.X（zabbix本地自己不用改，仅在客户端上改）
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>root@Zabbix-Server:~# grep '^' /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.conf
PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.pid
LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.log
LogFileSize=0
Server=127.0.0.1
ServerActive=127.0.0.1
Hostname=Zabbix server
Include=/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d/*.conf
ControlSocket=/tmp/agent.sock
Include=./zabbix_agent2.d/plugins.d/*.conf
root@Zabbix-Server:~# </code></pre>
检查
检查zabbix-agent2是否配置成功。
语法：zabbix_get -s客户端IP -p 客户端agent端口 -k  键值
案例：
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>zabbix_get -s 192.168.11.51 -k "agent.ping"
1</code></pre>
 得到的结果为1表示正常 检查zabbix-server日志是否正常
<pre class="language-powershell highlighter-hljs"><code>sudo tail -f /var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log</code></pre>
<hr>
 
替换其他字体的使用方法：
#将windows的微软雅黑字体传到Zabbix Server #cd/usr/share/zabbix/assets/fonts/ #mv graphfont.tff{,.bak} #mv msyhbd.ttc graphfont.ttf
<img src="https://img2022.cnblogs.com/blog/2605882/202208/2605882-20220817160404643-2051241126.png"> 
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/Magiclala/p/16595587.html

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Ubuntu系统 安装 Zabbix Server 6.0

Ubuntu系统安装 Zabbix Server 6.0