ubuntu server 22.04.2 LTS安装流程
<p><strong>1、下载Ubuntu镜像</strong></p><p>下载地址：清华大学开源软件镜像站</p>
<p> </p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222152622624-245514314.png"></p>
<p>选择Ubuntu版本22.04.XX(amd64, Server)，其中XX小版本自选（当前示例版本为22.04.2）。</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>2、本地加载Ubuntu的iso镜像</strong></p>
<p>默认选中「Try or Install Ubuntu Server」安装选项，回车（或等待 30 秒后），等待系统镜像自检并进行安装初始化。</p>
<p> 1) 选择语言：English</p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222152940272-1506966665.png"></p>
<p>2) 版本更新</p>
<p>询问是否更新到新版本（Update to the new installer）， 或者不更新并继续安装当前版本（Continue without updating），这里选<span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">默认的「Continue without updating」</span>，回车确认。（一定要选择“不更新”，否则会等到天荒地老）。</p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222153213865-519899481.png"></p>
<p> 3) 选择键盘布局</p>
<p>键盘配置，选择「Identify keyboard」可让系统自动识别键盘布局，这里默认并回车确认。</p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222153324724-660806013.png"></p>
<p> 4) 选择安装方式</p>
<p>最小安装(minimized) 或者 常规安装，根据自己的实际情况选择。</p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222153717343-1964694797.png"></p>
<p> 5) 配置网络</p>
<p><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">默认是 DHCP 自动获取 IP 地址</span>，下图中的「192.168.242.129」即为自动获取的 IP。（刚刚接触的同学，建议选择DHCP）</p>
<p>选择了桥接模式，我想设置为静态 IP，方便 ssh 连接，选中「ens32 eth - ▶」， 按空格键或回车弹出修改「Edit IPv4」选项，选中。</p>
<p> </p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222153916536-2072108722.png"></p>
<p> 选择「manual」，即手动设置。</p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222153944527-1153141771.png"></p>
<p> 然后依次输入：网络号、IP 地址、网关、域名服务器（即 DNS ），然后保存。</p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222154003240-1152517115.png"></p>
<p> 6) 配置代理</p>
<p>默认放空，无需设置。</p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222154038333-1384590361.png"></p>
<p>7) 配置存档镜像</p>
<p>这里强烈建议改成<span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">清华的源</span>：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/</p>
<p>否则安装中有一步kernel下载会等到天荒地老。（注意：也不能用阿里的源，阿里的源也非常慢，安装中会卡住不动）</p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222154121992-1184381770.png"></p>
<p> 8) 引导式存储布局配置</p>
<p>即分区配置，保持默认。</p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222155353914-1096200141.png"></p>
<p> </p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222155412824-1319449515.png"></p>
<p> 什么都不做，选择「Continue」。</p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222155444079-896109541.png"></p>
<p> 9) 个人信息设置</p>
<p>依次设置名字、服务器名、用户名、用户密码。</p>
<p> </p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222155529774-911086934.png"></p>
<p> 10) 升级到 ubuntu pro</p>
<p>不升级，直接选择skip。</p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222155614742-865406441.png"></p>
<p> 11) SSH 配置</p>
<p>勾选「Install OpenSSH Server」，</p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222155656372-1793235127.png"></p>
<p> 12) 可选的服务器软件包</p>
<p>什么都不安装。</p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222155738846-143278942.png"></p>
<p> 13) 开始安装</p>
<p>配置完成，开始安装系统。</p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222155807040-1074670634.png"></p>
<p> 安装过程中如果出现CD ROM挂载错误，按下 ENTER 回车键让它继续。</p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222155845765-318008406.png"></p>
<p> 14) 安装成功</p>
<p data-pid="daHogH6_">输入用户名和密码即可登录。</p>
<p><img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/842198/202402/842198-20240222155915578-1408533602.png"></p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>3、安装完成后的一些必要设置</strong></p>
<p>1) 安装完成后开启root</p>
<p>sudo passwd root<br>密码设置为root</p>
<p>2) 开启ssh server<br>sudo vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config<br><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">把 PermitRootLogin without-password 改为 PermitRootLogin yes #这一步是为了让root用户可以通过ssh进行登录</span><br>sudo systemctl restart sshd</p>
<p>3) 修改软件包源（推荐：清空的源）</p>
<p> 源配置文件为/etc/apt/sources.list</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"># 备份原来的文件
sudo cp </span>/etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">sources.list.bak
# 修改 sources.list 为以下内容：
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https:</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# deb-src https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# deb-src https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# deb-src https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
# deb https:</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# deb-src https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
deb http:</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# deb-src http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https:</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# # deb-src https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span></pre>
</div>
<p>附：阿里的源</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>deb http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
# deb</span>-src http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# deb-src http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# deb-src http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# deb-src http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
## Pre</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">released source, not recommended.
# deb http:</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# deb-src http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span></pre>
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<p>附：中科大的源</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>deb https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
# deb</span>-src https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# deb-src https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# deb-src https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# deb-src https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
## Pre</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">released source, not recommended.
# deb https:</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# deb-src https:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span></pre>
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<p>附：网易的源</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>deb http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span>
deb http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
# deb</span>-src http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# deb-src http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# deb-src http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# deb-src http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
## Pre</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">released source, not recommended.
# deb http:</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span>
# deb-src http:<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse</span></pre>
</div>
<p>源配置文件更新后，需要更新apt缓存</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">sudo</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> apt update
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">sudo</span> apt upgrade -<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">y
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">sudo</span> unminimize</pre>
</div>
<p> </p>
<p>Ubuntu Server版本安装到这里结束:)</p>
<p> </p><br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/ddcoder/p/18027575
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