docker学习（一）ubuntu上安装docker
<h2>准备</h2><p>你需要64位的ubuntu操作系统 Cosmic 18.10、Bionic 18.04 (LTS)、Xenial 16.04 (LTS)其中之一。</p>
<p>docker支持的架构为：<code class="highlighter-rouge">x86_64</code> (or <code class="highlighter-rouge">amd64</code>), <code class="highlighter-rouge">armhf</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">arm64</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">s390x</code> (IBM Z), and <code class="highlighter-rouge">ppc64le</code> (IBM Power)。</p>
<p>查看ubuntu系统是32位的还是64位的：getconf LONG_BIT</p>
<p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1617605/201907/1617605-20190719154646834-1948397699.png"></p>
<p>查看系统信息：lsb_release -a</p>
<p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1617605/201907/1617605-20190719154820036-899116158.png"></p>
<p>查看操作系统架构：uname -a</p>
<p> <img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1617605/201907/1617605-20190719155124166-2003266302.png"></p>
<h2>卸载旧版本</h2>
<p class="highlight"><code><span class="nv"><span class="nb">sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc</span></span></code></p>
<p><span class="tlid-translation translation" lang="zh-CN"><span title=""><code><span class="nb"><span class="nt">/var/lib/docker</span></span></code>的内容，包括镜像、容器、卷和网络，可以保留也可以删除。</span></span></p>
<p><span class="tlid-translation translation" lang="zh-CN"><span title="">执行之后，输入docker --version仍能看到docker版本</span></span></p>
<p><span class="tlid-translation translation" lang="zh-CN"><span title=""><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1617605/201907/1617605-20190719160049357-1207578027.png"></span></span></p>
<p>采用另一种方式：</p>
<p>sudo apt-get purge docker</p>
<p>sudo apt-get purge docker-ce</p>
<p>sudo apt-get remove -y docker-*</p>
<p class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">sudo rm <span class="nt">-rf /var/lib/docker（<span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">慎重：这是镜像和容器的默认存储位置，不要误删</span>）</span></span></code></p>
<p>（apt-get remove 会删除软件包而保留软件的配置文件<br>
apt-get purge 会同时清除软件包和软件的配置文件）</p>
<h2> Install using the repository</h2>
<p>1）<code><span class="nv"><span class="nb">sudo apt-get update</span></span></code></p>
<p>2）允许apt通过https使用repository安装软件包 <code></code></p>
<pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">sudo apt-get install <span class="se">\
apt-transport-https <span class="se">\
ca-certificates <span class="se">\
curl <span class="se">\
gnupg-agent <span class="se">\
software-properties-common</span></span></span></span></span></span></code></pre>
<p> 3）添加Docker官方GPG key</p>
<p class="highlight"><code>sudo curl <span class="nt">-fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | <span class="nb">sudo apt-key add -</span></span></code></p>
<p>（国内阿里云版 sudo <code class="prism language-shell has-numbering"><span class="token function">curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg <span class="token operator">| apt-key add -</span></span></code>）</p>
<p>4）验证key的指纹</p>
<p> <code><span class="nb">sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88</span></code></p>
<p><span class="nb">正常输出为：</span></p>
<p>pub rsa4096 2017-02-22 <br> 9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88<br>uid [ unknown] Docker Release (CE deb) <docker@docker.com><br>sub rsa4096 2017-02-22 </p>
<p>5）添加稳定版repository</p>
<pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">sudo add-apt-repository <span class="se">\
<span class="s2">"deb https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu <span class="se">\<span class="s2">
<span class="k">$(lsb_release <span class="nt">-cs<span class="k">)<span class="s2"> <span class="se">\<span class="s2">
stable"</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>国内阿里云版：</p>
<pre class="prettyprint"><code class="prism language-shell has-numbering">sudo add-apt-repository \
<span class="token string">"deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu \
<span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">$(lsb_release -cs<span class="token variable">) \
stable"</span></span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>5）<code><span class="nv"><span class="nb">sudo apt-get update</span></span></code></p>
<p>6）安装最新版本的docker ce和containerd</p>
<pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io</span></code></pre>
<p>（<span class="tlid-translation translation" lang="zh-CN"><span title="">如果您启用了多个Docker存储库，则在apt-get install或apt-get update命令中未指定版本的情况下安装或更新将始终安装尽可能高的版本</span></span>）</p>
<p>7）安装指定版本的</p>
<p>查看可获取的版本 <code><span class="nv">apt-cache madison docker-ce</span></code></p>
<p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1617605/201907/1617605-20190719163118616-619276117.png"></p>
<pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nv"><span class="nb">sudo apt-get install docker-ce<span class="o">=<VERSION_STRING> docker-ce-cli<span class="o">=<VERSION_STRING> containerd.io</span></span></span></span></code></pre>
<p> 8）验证：docker --version</p>
<p><code><span class="nv"><span class="nb">sudo docker run hello-world</span></span></code></p>
<p><span class="nv"><span class="nb"><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1617605/201907/1617605-20190719171951434-1415191545.png"></span></span></p>
<p> 9）将非root用户加入docker组，以允许免<code>sudo</code>执行<code>docker</code></p>
<pre class="prettyprint"><code class="prism language-shell has-numbering"><span class="token function">sudo gpasswd -a 用户名 docker</span></code></pre>
<p> 重启服务并刷新docker组成员</p>
<pre class="prettyprint"><code class="prism language-shell has-numbering"><span class="token function">sudo <span class="token function">service docker restart
newgrp - docker</span></span></code></pre>
<p>10)设置开机自启动并启动 Docker-ce（安装成功后默认已设置并启动，可忽略）</p>
<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted"><span class="pln">sudo systemctl enable docker
sudo systemctl start docker</span></pre>
<p>11）升级版本</p>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">a) sudo apt-get update</code></p>
<p>b) 按照以上步骤安装新版本</p>
<p>12）安装docker-compose</p>
<p>https://www.runoob.com/docker/docker-compose.html</p>
<p>sudo curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.4/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose</p>
<p><span class="pln">sudo chmod <span class="pun">+<span class="pln">x <span class="pun">/<span class="pln">usr<span class="pun">/<span class="kwd">local<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">bin<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">docker<span class="pun">-<span class="pln">compose</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p><span class="pln">sudo ln <span class="pun">-<span class="pln">s <span class="pun">/<span class="pln">usr<span class="pun">/<span class="kwd">local<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">bin<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">docker<span class="pun">-<span class="pln">compose <span class="pun">/<span class="pln">usr<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">bin<span class="pun">/<span class="pln">docker<span class="pun">-<span class="pln">compose</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p><span class="pln">docker<span class="pun">-<span class="pln">compose <span class="pun">--<span class="pln">version</span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p>PS:</p>
<p>参考https://www.runoob.com/docker/ubuntu-docker-install.html、https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/ubuntu/</p><br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/walker-lin/p/11214127.html
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