名字长一点容易被记住 發表於 2020-2-16 11:52:00

CentOS-8 Mini

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<pre class="brush:bash;gutter:true;">https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/

hostnamectl set-hostname CentOS
hwclock
timedatectl
timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
/etc/firewalld/firewalld.conf
/usr/lib/firewalld/firewalld.conf
nmcli
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens
nmcli c reload
nmcli c down ens
nmcli c up ens
cat /etc/redhat-release
cd /etc/yum.repos.d
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
# dnf -y install epel-release
# dnf clean all
# dnf makecache
# dnf repolist
dnf list installed
dnf search
dnf install
dnf reinstall
dnf remove
dnf download
dnf info
dnf check-update
dnf grouplist
dnf install vim
dnf install wget
dnf install bash-completion
dnf install net-tools
rpm -qa | grep kernel
dnf erase

httpd
dnf install httpd
sudo systemctl status firewalld
systemctl list-unit-files | grep httpd
chkconfig httpd on(systemctl enable httpd)
systemctl start httpd
httpd -v
hostname -I | awk '{print $1}'
$ sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http
$ sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=https
$ sudo firewall-cmd --reload
curl 127.0.0.1:80
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

dnf install cockpit
systemctl enable cockpit.socket
systemctl start cockpit.socket
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=cockpit
firewall-cmd --reload
systemctl status cockpit.socket
ss -tunlp | grep cockpit
netstat -lnp | grep 9090
ps auxf|grep cockpit

dnf install -y java-1.8.0-openjdk java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel
which java
ls -lrt /usr/bin/java
ls -lrt /etc/alternatives/java

cat &lt;&lt;EOF | sudo tee /etc/profile.d/java.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-openjdk
export PATH=\$PATH:\$JAVA_HOME/bin
export CLASSPATH=.:\$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:\$JAVA_HOME/lib:\$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
EOF

source /etc/profile.d/java.sh
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<pre class="brush:bash;gutter:true;">vi /etc/profile.d/java.sh

#set java environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk/jdk1.8.0_162
CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib.tools.jar
PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH PATH

chmod 755 /etc/profile.d/java.sh

source /etc/profile.d/java.sh
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<p>boot安装源 https://mirrors.aliyum.com/centos/8/BaseOS/x86_64/os/<br></p>
<p><strong>一,个人用</strong></p>
<p>如果是个人用,就没必要分那么多区,分一个区,或者二个区就行了。</p>
<p>分一个区,就要一个根分区就行了/,我的多系统里面的linux都是一个分区。</p>
<p>分二个区,一个/boot分区,一个根分区/</p>
<div><strong>二,服务器用</strong></div>
<p>关于服务器的分区,不要分的太多,适合自己就行,有二种比较好的方法,适合二种不同的人</p>
<p>喜欢用软件管理工具的人,pacman,yum,apt-get等。</p>
<p>这种人喜欢用软件自带的软件来安装web服务器,mysql服务器,mail服务器等。</p>
<p>/boot&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 分区100M,绝对够用了。</p>
<p>/home&nbsp;&nbsp; 硬盘大小*4%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 根据用户数据的多少,进行增减</p>
<p>/user&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 硬盘大小*6%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 喜欢用管理工具,但是总还有要自己编译安装的东西</p>
<p>/swap&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 内在大小*2</p>
<p>/var&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 硬盘大小*70%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 默认安装的文件包基本上都在这里面,以及web服务,mysql服务等,所以这种分区要足够大</p>
<p>/tmp &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 硬盘大小*10%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 做为服务器用,log文件会很多,所以单独拿出来。如果定时清理可适当减少。</p>
<p>/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 剩下的都给根分区</p>
<div><strong>三,喜欢自己编译安装的人</strong></div>
<p>手动编译安装灵活性比较高,但是如果升级系统,可能会导致手动安装的东西不能用。</p>
<p>/boot&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 分区100M,绝对够用了。</p>
<p>/home&nbsp;&nbsp; 硬盘大小*60%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 例如:我要建一个web服务器,建一个nginx的用户组和用户,然后呢,肯定要先下载源代码,然后放到nginx用户的根目录下面,安装的目录放到 /usr/local下面,代码目录也放在nginx用户的根目录下面,而不是放在/var下面,产生的log可能也放在nginx用户的根目录下面。这 样服务器相关的东西,都放在用户的目录下面,这样的用户的这个目录要很大。</p>
<p>/user&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 硬盘大小*20%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 用户安装的地方,放在/usr/local下面,所以这个目录也要大点。</p>
<p>/swap&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 内在大小*2</p>
<p>/var&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 硬盘大小*10%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 很多的系统文件放在/var下面,单独分区,可以提高服务器的性能</p>
<p>/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 剩下的都给根分区</p>
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<pre>hostnamectl set-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">hostname</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> CentOS
hwclock
timedatectl
timedatectl set</span>-timezone Asia/Shanghai</pre>
<pre class="line-numberslanguage-bash"><code class="language-bash">cd /etc/yum.repos.d/</code><br>mv ./*.* ./bak/</pre>
<pre class="line-numberslanguage-cpp"><code class="language-cpp">wget <span class="token operator">-O CentOS<span class="token operator">-Base<span class="token punctuation">.repo http<span class="token operator">:<span class="token operator">/<span class="token operator">/mirrors<span class="token punctuation">.aliyun<span class="token punctuation">.com<span class="token operator">/repo<span class="token operator">/Centos<span class="token operator">-<span class="token number">8.repo<br><br></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code><code class="language-cpp">curl <span class="token operator">-o CentOS<span class="token operator">-Base<span class="token punctuation">.repo http<span class="token operator">:<span class="token operator">/<span class="token operator">/</span></span></span></span></span></span></code><code class="language-cpp"><span class="token operator"><span class="token operator"><span class="token punctuation"><span class="token operator"><span class="token operator"><span class="token operator">mirrors<span class="token punctuation">.aliyun<span class="token punctuation">.com</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code><code class="language-cpp"><span class="token operator"><span class="token operator"><span class="token punctuation"><span class="token operator"><span class="token operator"><span class="token operator"><span class="token operator">/repo<span class="token operator">/Centos<span class="token operator">-<span class="token number">8.repo<br></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code></pre>
<pre class="line-numberslanguage-undefined"><code class="language-undefined">ls -l /etc/yum.repos.d/</code></pre>
<pre class="line-numberslanguage-undefined"><code class="language-undefined">cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo<br>dnf makecache<br></code></pre>
<pre>sshd --help<br>ssh -V</pre>
<pre>sshd -t //查配置文件的有效性和密匙的完整性<br><br>vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config<br>#PermitRootLogin yes<br>PermitRootLogin no      //禁用root登陆<br><em><em><em>PasswordAuthentication no //禁止密码登陆<br></em></em></em>#Port 22<br><em>Port 31234<br><br>semanage port -l|grep ssh<br>semanage port -a -t ssh_port_t -p tcp 10086<br>firewall-cmd --permanent --query-port=10086/tcp<br>firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=10086/tcp<br>firewall-cmd --reload<br></em>systemctl restart sshd<br>systemctl restart firewalld.service<br><em>shutdown -r now<br>firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --remove-port=22/tcp<br></em><em>firewall-cmd --reload<br>firewall-cmd --list-ports<br><br>SSH:<br>ll ~<span class="hljs-regexp">/.ssh/id_*.pub</span><br><span class="hljs-attribute">ssh-keygen -t rsa -b <span class="hljs-number">4096 -C <span class="hljs-string">"your_email@domain.com"<br>ssh-<span class="hljs-keyword">copy-<span class="hljs-keyword">id remote_username@server_ip_address -p<br></span></span></span></span></span></em>PasswordAuthentication <span class="hljs-literal">no<br></span>ChallengeResponseAuthentication <span class="hljs-literal" style="font-style: italic">no<br></span>systemctl restart sshd<code class="language-undefined">&nbsp;<br><br>JAVA:<br>dnf search java <span class="token punctuation">| grep <span class="token operator">-i <span class="token operator">--color JDK</span></span></span><br>dnf install java<span class="token operator">-1<span class="token punctuation">.8<span class="token punctuation">.0<span class="token operator">-openjdk java<span class="token operator">-1<span class="token punctuation">.8<span class="token punctuation">.0<span class="token operator">-openjdk<span class="token operator">-devel<br></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>dirname $(readlink $(readlink $(which java)))<br>vim <span class="token operator">/etc<span class="token operator">/profile<br></span></span></code>export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.242.b08-0.el8_1.x86_64<br>export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tool.jar<br>export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin<em><em><em><br>. <span class="token operator">/etc<span class="token operator">/profile<br><br>mysql:<br></span></span></em></em></em>for i in $(rpm -qa|grep mysql);do rpm -e $i --nodeps;done<br><span class="bjh-li" style="font-style: italic"><span class="bjh-p">rm -rf /var/lib/mysql &amp;&amp; rm -rf /etc/my.cnf &amp;&amp; rm -rf /usr/share/mysql<br><span class="bjh-li"><span class="bjh-p"><span class="bjh-li"><span class="bjh-p">whereis mysql<br><span class="bjh-li"><span class="bjh-p">find /-name mysql<span class="bjh-li"><span class="bjh-p">yum remove mysql mysql-server mysql-libs<br></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>dnf localinstall rpm<br><span class="bjh-li"><span class="bjh-p">dnf update<br><span class="bjh-li"><span class="bjh-p">dnf install mysql-server</span></span></span></span></pre>
<pre><em><span class="token operator"><span class="token operator">dnf install mysql<br>rpm -qa | grep mysql<br>ps -ef | grep mysql<br>mysqladmin --version<br><br><span class="bjh-li"><span class="bjh-p">systemctl start mysqld<br><span class="bjh-li"><span class="bjh-p">systemctl enable mysqld<br><span class="bjh-li"><span class="bjh-p">systemctl status mysqld<br>cd /usr/bin       // 相关命令<br>find my*<br>/usr/share/mysql// 配置文件目录<br></span></span></span></span></span></span>/var/lib/mysql    //数据库文件目录<br><span class="bjh-li"><span class="bjh-p">/etc/my.cnf.d //mysql的启动配置文件<br><span class="bjh-li"><span class="bjh-p">client.cnf                               //mysql客户端配置文件<br><span class="bjh-li"><span class="bjh-p">mysql-server.cnf                         //mysql守护进程配置文件<br><span class="bjh-li"><span class="bjh-p">mysql-default-authentication-plugin.cnf//默认权限授权配置文件<br><br>mysql -uroot<br><span class="bjh-li"><span class="bjh-p">use mysql;                                             //选择数据库<br><span class="bjh-li"><span class="bjh-p">alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by'root';   //修改密码<br><span class="bjh-li"><span class="bjh-p">flush privileges;                                    //刷新权限表<br>select host,user,authentication_string from user;<br></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></em>CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Root_123456';<br>GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%';<br><em><em><em>ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Root_123456';<br><br>firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent<br></em></em></em>firewall-cmd --reload<br>firewall-cmd --list-ports<br>systemctl restart firewalld<br><br>redis:<br><span class="token number">配置文件<span class="token punctuation">: <span class="token operator">/etc<span class="token operator">/redis<span class="token operator">/redis<span class="token punctuation">.conf <br><span class="token number">备份文件<span class="token punctuation">: <span class="token operator">/var<span class="token operator">/lib<span class="token operator">/redis<span class="token operator">/<span class="token operator">*<span class="token punctuation">.rdb<span class="token operator">|<span class="token operator">*<span class="token punctuation">.aof<br><span class="token number">日志文件<span class="token punctuation">: <span class="token operator">/var<span class="token operator">/log<span class="token operator">/redis<span class="token operator">/redis<span class="token operator">-server<span class="token punctuation">.log<br><span class="token number">启动文件<span class="token punctuation">: <span class="token operator">/etc<span class="token operator">/init<span class="token punctuation">.d<span class="token operator">/redis<span class="token operator">-server<br></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>dnf install redis<br><code class="language-text">systemctl enable --now redis<br></code><code class="language-text">vim /etc/redis.conf<br></code><code class="language-text">bind 127.0.0.1 192.168.1.233<br>s</code><code class="language-text">ystemctl restart redis<br>s</code><code class="language-text">s -an | grep 6379<br></code><code class="language-text">sudo firewall-cmd --new-zone=redis --permanent<br></code><code class="language-text">sudo firewall-cmd --zone=redis --add-port=6379/tcp --permanent<br></code><em id="__mceDel"><code class="language-text">sudo firewall-cmd --zone=redis --add-source=192.168.1.11/24 --permanent<br></code></em><em><em><em><em><code class="language-text">sudo firewall-cmd --reload<br></code></em></em></em></em><em id="__mceDel"><code class="language-text">redis-cli -h 192.168.1.10 ping<br><br></code></em></pre>
<pre><code class="language-text">&nbsp;</code></pre>
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<pre><em id="__mceDel"><em id="__mceDel"><code class="language-undefined">&nbsp;</code></em></em></pre>
<pre class="line-numberslanguage-cpp"><code class="language-cpp"><span class="token operator"><span class="token operator"><span class="token punctuation"><span class="token operator"><span class="token operator"><span class="token operator"><span class="token operator"><span class="token operator"><span class="token operator"><span class="token number">&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code></pre>
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来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/neoo9901/p/12316200.html
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