MongoDB Java API操作很全的整理

沙小平 發表於 2019-11-4 16:49:00

MongoDB 是一个基于分布式文件存储的
数据库。由 C++ 语言编写，一般生产上建议以共享分片的形式来部署。但是MongoDB官方也提供了其它语言的客户端操作API。如下图所示：提供了C、C++、C#、.net、GO、
java、Node.js、PHP、python、scala等各种语言的版本。
<p>MongoDB的操作分为同步操作和异步操作<br><strong>一、同步操作API</strong></p>官方
JAVA API的路径：https://docs.mongodb.com/ecosystem/drivers/java/ 我们这里以3.11的java 版本为例。各个版本的API对MongoDB服务的支持情况。
<p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1200756/201911/1200756-20191104143342909-377584377.png" alt="www.wityx.com"></p>
<p>使用API时，先引入maven依赖</p>
<pre><br><dependency><br> <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId><br> <artifactId>mongo-java-driver</artifactId><br> <version>3.11.1</version><br></dependency></pre>
<p> <strong>1、关于MongoDB Client的初始化和关闭。</strong></p>
<p>从官方介绍来看，一般建议Client只需要一个建立一个长连接实例，然后使用时，都使用这个实例就可以，也就是可以用java的单例模式来创建连接实例。</p>
<p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1200756/201911/1200756-20191104144555369-152117034.png" alt="www.wityx.com"></p>
<p> </p>
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<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;">//mongoClient连接
protected static MongoClient mongoClient;
public synchronized static MongodbClient getInstance(String mongodbUrl) {
   if (null == mongoClient) {
         mongoClient = MongoClients.create(mongodbUrl);
         if(null != mongoClient){
            log.info("mongoClient init success!");
         }
         else{
            log.info("mongoClient init failed!");
         }
   }
   return mongodbClient;
}　
</pre>
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<p>　　</p>
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<p>直接通过mongodb的host和port来创建client：　</p>
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<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;">MongoClient mongoClient = MongoClients.create("mongodb://host1:27017");
</pre>
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<p>　　</p>
<p>client连接到一个 Replica Set：</p>
<p> </p>
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<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;">MongoClient mongoClient = MongoClients.create("mongodb://host1:27017,host2:27017,host3:27017");

MongoClient mongoClient = MongoClients.create("mongodb://host1:27017,host2:27017,host3:27017/?replicaSet=myReplicaSet");
</pre>
</div>
<p>　　</p>
<p><span class="hljs-string"><span class="hljs-string">或者通过MongoClientSettings.builder() 来辅助生成连接字符串来创建client：</span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<div class="cnblogs_Highlighter">
<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;">MongoClient mongoClient = MongoClients.create( MongoClientSettings.builder() .applyToClusterSettings(builder -> builder.hosts(Arrays.asList( new ServerAddress("host1", 27017), new ServerAddress("host2", 27017), new ServerAddress("host3", 27017)))) .build());
</pre>
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<p>　　连接关闭：</p>
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<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;"> public void close() {
   if(null!=mongoClient){
         mongoClient.close();
         mongoClient=null;
   }
}
</pre>
</div>
<p>　 2<strong>、关于MongoDB 的基本操作</strong></p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>//创建Collection</pre>
<pre><br> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">void</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> createCollection(String dataBaseName,String collectionName){
   getDatabase(dataBaseName).createCollection(collectionName);
}<br>//查询</span>dataBaseName</pre>
<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> MongoDatabase getDatabase(String dataBaseName){ </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> mongoClient.getDatabase(dataBaseName); }<br>//查询</span>Collection</pre>
<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span> List<String><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> listCollectionNames(String dataBaseName){<br> List</span><String> stringList = <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span> ArrayList<String><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">(); <br>mongoClient.getDatabase(dataBaseName).listCollectionNames().forEach((Consumer</span><? <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">super</span> String>) t-><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">{ stringList.add(t); });<br> </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> stringList; } <br><br></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span> MongoCollection<Document><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> getCollectionByName(String dataBaseName, String collectionName){ </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> getDatabase(dataBaseName).getCollection(collectionName); }</span></pre>
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<p> 3<strong>、关于MongoDB 的查询操作</strong></p>
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<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;"> //通过id（objectid）精确查询
public FindIterable<Document>findMongoDbDocById(String dataBaseName, String collectionName, String id){
   BasicDBObject searchDoc = new BasicDBObject().append("_id", id);
   return getCollectionByName(dataBaseName,collectionName).find(searchDoc);
}
//通过id（objectid）模糊查询
public FindIterable<Document>findMongoDbDocByIdRegex(String dataBaseName, String collectionName, String id){
   BasicDBObject searchDoc = new BasicDBObject().append("_id", new BasicDBObject("$regex",id));
   return getCollectionByName(dataBaseName,collectionName).find(searchDoc);
}
//通过开始id和结束id 查询（根据objectId范围查询）
public FindIterable<Document>findMongoDbDocById(String dataBaseName, String collectionName, String startId,String endId){
   BasicDBObject searchDoc = new BasicDBObject().append("_id", new BasicDBObject("$gte", startId).append("$lte", endId));
   return getCollectionByName(dataBaseName,collectionName).find(searchDoc);
}
public FindIterable<Document> findMongoDbDoc(String dataBaseName, String collectionName,BasicDBObject basicDBObject){
   return getCollectionByName(dataBaseName,collectionName).find(basicDBObject);
}
//限制查询返回的条数
public FindIterable<Document> findMongoDbDoc(String dataBaseName, String collectionName,BasicDBObject basicDBObject,Integer limitNum){
   return findMongoDbDoc(dataBaseName,collectionName,basicDBObject).limit(limitNum) ;
}
public FindIterable<Document>findMongoDbDocById(String dataBaseName, String collectionName, String startId,String endId,Integer limitNum){
   return findMongoDbDocById(dataBaseName,collectionName,startId,endId).limit(limitNum);
}

/**
* 降序查询（排序）
* @param dataBaseName
* @param collectionName
* @param startId
* @param endId
* @param sortField排序字段
* @return
*/
public FindIterable<Document>findMongoDbDocByIdDescSort(String dataBaseName, String collectionName, String startId,String endId,String sortField){
   return findMongoDbDocById(dataBaseName,collectionName,startId,endId).sort(new Document().append(sortField, -1));
}
public FindIterable<Document>findMongoDbDocByIdDescSort(String dataBaseName, String collectionName, String startId,String endId,String sortField,Integer limitNum){
   return findMongoDbDocByIdDescSort(dataBaseName,collectionName,startId,endId,sortField).limit(limitNum);
}

/**
* 降序查询（排序）
* @param dataBaseName
* @param collectionName
* @param startId
* @param endId
* @param sortField排序字段
* @return
*/
public FindIterable<Document>findMongoDbDocByIdAscSort(String dataBaseName, String collectionName, String startId,String endId,String sortField){
   return findMongoDbDocById(dataBaseName,collectionName,startId,endId).sort(new Document().append(sortField, 1));
}
public FindIterable<Document>findMongoDbDocByIdAscSort(String dataBaseName, String collectionName, String startId,String endId,String sortField,Integer limitNum){
   return findMongoDbDocByIdAscSort(dataBaseName,collectionName,startId,endId,sortField).limit(limitNum);
}
</pre>
</div>
<p>　　 4<strong>、关于MongoDB 的插入操作</strong></p>
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<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;"> //插入操作，注意插入时，如果数据已经存在会报错，插入时必须数据不存在，不会自动进行覆盖
//插入单条记录
public void insertDoc(String dataBaseName, String collectionName, Document document){
   getCollectionByName(dataBaseName,collectionName).insertOne(document);
}
//插入多条记录
public void insertDoc(String dataBaseName, String collectionName,List<? extends Document> listData){
   getCollectionByName(dataBaseName,collectionName).insertMany(listData);
}
</pre>
</div>
<p>　　 5<strong>、关于MongoDB 的更新操作</strong></p>
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<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;"> //更新单条
public void updateDoc(String dataBaseName, String collectionName, Bson var1, Bson var2){
   getCollectionByName(dataBaseName,collectionName).updateOne(var1,var2);
}
public void updateDoc(String dataBaseName, String collectionName, Bson var1, List<? extends Bson> list){
   getCollectionByName(dataBaseName,collectionName).updateOne(var1,list);
}
//批量更新
public void updateDocs(String dataBaseName, String collectionName, Bson var1, Bson var2){
   getCollectionByName(dataBaseName,collectionName).updateMany(var1,var2);
}
public void updateDocs(String dataBaseName, String collectionName, Bson var1, List<? extends Bson> list){
   getCollectionByName(dataBaseName,collectionName).updateMany(var1,list);
}
</pre>
</div>
<p>　 6<strong>、关于MongoDB 的删除操作</strong>　</p>
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<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;">//单条删除
public DeleteResult deleteDoc(String dataBaseName, String collectionName, Bson var1){
   return getCollectionByName(dataBaseName,collectionName).deleteOne(var1);
}
//批量删除
public DeleteResult deleteDocs(String dataBaseName, String collectionName,Bson var1){
   return getCollectionByName(dataBaseName,collectionName).deleteMany(var1);
}
</pre>
</div>
<p>　　 7<strong>、关于MongoDB 的替换操作</strong></p>
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<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;"> //存在就替换，不存在的话就插入
public UpdateResult replaceDoc(String dataBaseName, String collectionName, Bson var1, Document var2){
   return getCollectionByName(dataBaseName,collectionName).replaceOne(var1,var2);
}
</pre>
</div>
<p> 8<strong>、关于MongoDB 的</strong>bulkWrite<strong>操作</strong>　（批量写入）</p>
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<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;"> public BulkWriteResult bulkWrite(String dataBaseName, String collectionName, List<? extends WriteModel<? extends Document>> listData){
   return getCollectionByName(dataBaseName,collectionName).bulkWrite(listData);
}
</pre>
</div>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>二、异步操作API</strong>　　</p>
<p>　mongodb异步驱动程序提供了异步api，可以利用netty或java 7的asynchronoussocketchannel实现快速、无阻塞的i/o，maven依赖</p>
<p><dependencies><br> <dependency><br> <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId><br> <artifactId>mongodb-driver-async</artifactId><br> <version>3.11.1</version><br> </dependency><br></dependencies></p>
<p>官方地址：http://mongodb.github.io/mongo-java-driver/3.11/driver-async/getting-started/installation/</p>
<p>异步操作必然会涉及到回调，回调时采用ResultCallback<Document></p>
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<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;">SingleResultCallback<Document> callbackPrintDocuments = new SingleResultCallback<Document>() {
@Override
public void onResult(final Document document, final Throwable t) {
   System.out.println(document.toJson());
}
};

SingleResultCallback<Void> callbackWhenFinished = new SingleResultCallback<Void>() {
@Override
public void onResult(final Void result, final Throwable t) {
   System.out.println("Operation Finished!");
}
};
</pre>
</div>
<p>　　异步insert操作</p>
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<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;">collection.insertMany(documents, new SingleResultCallback<Void>() {
@Override
public void onResult(final Void result, final Throwable t) {
   System.out.println("Documents inserted!");
}
});
</pre>
</div>
<p>　　异步删除操作</p>
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<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;">collection.deleteMany(gte("i", 100), new SingleResultCallback<DeleteResult>() {
@Override
public void onResult(final DeleteResult result, final Throwable t) {
   System.out.println(result.getDeletedCount());
}
});
</pre>
</div>
<p>　　异步更新操作</p>
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<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;">collection.updateMany(lt("i", 100), inc("i", 100),
new SingleResultCallback<UpdateResult>() {
   @Override
   public void onResult(final UpdateResult result, final Throwable t) {
         System.out.println(result.getModifiedCount());
   }
});
</pre>
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<p>　　异步统计操作</p>
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<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;">collection.countDocuments(
new SingleResultCallback<Long>() {
   @Override
   public void onResult(final Long count, final Throwable t) {
      System.out.println(count);
   }
});
</pre>
</div>
<p>　　</p>
<p><strong>三、MongoDB Reactive Streams 操作API</strong></p>
<p>官方的MongoDB reactive streams Java驱动程序，为MongoDB提供异步流处理和无阻塞处理。</p>
<p>完全实现reactive streams api，以提供与jvm生态系统中其他reactive streams的互操作，一般适合于大数据的处理，比如spark，flink，storm等。</p>
<div class="cnblogs_Highlighter">
<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;"><dependencies>
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
   <artifactId>mongodb-driver-reactivestreams</artifactId>
   <version>1.12.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</pre>
</div>
<p>　　官方地址：http://mongodb.github.io/mongo-java-driver-reactivestreams/</p>
<p><strong>会包含如下三部分：</strong></p>
<ol>
<li>Publisher：Publisher 是数据的发布者。Publisher 接口只有一个方法 subscribe，用于添加数据的订阅者，也就是 Subscriber。</li>
<li>Subscriber： 是数据的订阅者。Subscriber 接口有4个方法，都是作为不同事件的处理器。在订阅者成功订阅到发布者之后，其 onSubscribe(Subscription s) 方法会被调用。</li>
<li>Subscription：表示的是当前的订阅关系。</li>
</ol>
<p>API问的地址：http://mongodb.github.io/mongo-java-driver-reactivestreams/1.12/javadoc/</p>
<p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1200756/201911/1200756-20191104155609021-2033125007.png" alt="www.wityx.com"></p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p>代码示例：</p>
<div class="cnblogs_Highlighter">
<pre class="brush:java;gutter:true;">//建立连接
MongoClient mongoClient = MongoClients.create(mongodbUrl);
//获得数据库对象
MongoDatabase database = client.getDatabase(databaseName);
//获得集合
MongoCollection collection = database.getCollection(collectionName);

//异步返回Publisher
FindPublisher publisher = collection.find();

//订阅实现
publisher.subscribe(new Subscriber() {
@Override
public void onSubscribe(Subscription str) {
   System.out.println("start...");
   //执行请求
   str.request(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
}
@Override
public void onNext(Document document) {
   //获得文档
   System.out.println("Document:" + document.toJson());
}

@Override
public void onError(Throwable t) {
   System.out.println("error occurs.");
}

@Override
public void onComplete() {
   System.out.println("finished.");
}
});
</pre>
</div>
<p>　　</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p> </p>

</div>
<div id="MySignature" role="contentinfo">
既然已经在最黑暗的角落,那无论现在朝哪走,都是一一向着光亮,只要你肯!<br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/21cm/p/11792903.html

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MongoDB Java API操作很全的整理