CentOS安装jdk的三种方法
<p>环境</p><hr>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<table>
<tbody>
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<td valign="top" width="696" height="47">Linux版本：CentOS 6.5、Ubuntu 12.04.5
<p>JDK版本：JDK 1.7</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
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<p> </p>
<p>目录</p>
<hr>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p>方法一：手动解压JDK的压缩包，然后设置环境变量</p>
<p>方法二：用yum安装JDK</p>
<p>方法三：用rpm安装JDK</p>
<p>方法四：Ubuntu 上使用apt-get安装JDK</p>
<p><br><br></p>
<p> </p>
<p>内容</p>
<hr>
<p> </p>
<p>方法一：手动解压JDK的压缩包，然后设置环境变量</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>1.在/usr/目录下创建java目录 </strong></p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false"># mkdir/usr/java
# cd /usr/java</pre>
<p><strong>2.下载，然后解压</strong></p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false"># curl -O http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz</pre>
<p><strong>3.设置环境变量</strong></p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false"># vi /etc/profile</pre>
<p>添加如下内容：</p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">#set java environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79
JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79/jre
CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH</pre>
<p>让修改生效：</p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false"># source /etc/profile</pre>
<p><strong>4.验证</strong></p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false"># java -version
java version "1.7.0_79"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_79-b15)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode)</pre>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p>方法二：用yum安装JDK(CentOS)</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>1.查看yum库中都有哪些jdk版本</strong></p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false"># yum search java|grep jdk
ldapjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : Javadoc for ldapjdk
java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.6.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.6.0-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : OpenJDK API Documentation
java-1.6.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle
java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.7.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.7.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation
java-1.7.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle
java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle
ldapjdk.x86_64 : The Mozilla LDAP Java SDK</pre>
<p><strong>2.选择版本，进行安装</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>我们这里安装1.7版本</p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false"># yum install java-1.7.0-openjdk</pre>
<p> </p>
<p>安装完之后，默认的安装目录是在: /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75.x86_64</p>
<p><strong>3.设置环境变量</strong></p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false"># vi /etc/profile</pre>
<p>添加如下内容：</p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">#set java environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75.x86_64
JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH</pre>
<p>让修改生效：</p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false"># source /etc/profile</pre>
<p><strong>3.验证</strong></p>
<p> 同上。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>注：因为采用yum安装jdk，系统考虑到多版本的问题，会用alternatives进行版本控制。开始，相应版本的jdk安装在/usr/lib/jvm/之后，会在alternatives中注册，在/etc/alternatives目录下会产生一些链接到/usr/lib/jvm/中刚安装好的jdk版本。</p>
<p>在/usr/bin下面会有链接到/etc/alternatives的相应的文件。比如，/usr/bin下面会有一个链接文件java的映射关系如下：</p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">/usr/bin/java->/etc/alternatives/java
/etc/alternatives/java-> /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64/bin/java</pre>
<p>这样，java命令不用设置环境变量，就可以正常运行了。但如果对于tomcat或其他软件来说还是要设置环境变量。</p>
<p>同样，如果安装新的版本jdk，就会重新链接到最新安装的jdk版本。当然，也可以使用alternatives修改所要使用的版本。</p>
<p>具体方法可参照：《使用Linux的alternatives管理多版本的软件》</p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p>方法三：用rpm安装JDK</p>
<p>1.下载</p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">$ curl -O http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.rpm</pre>
<p><br><br></p>
<p>2.使用rpm命令安装</p>
<p> </p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false"># rpm -ivh jdk-7u79-linux-x64.rpm
Preparing... ###########################################
1:jdk ###########################################
Unpacking JAR files...
rt.jar...
jsse.jar...
charsets.jar...
tools.jar...
localedata.jar...
jfxrt.jar...</pre>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>3.设置环境变量</strong></p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false"># vi /etc/profile</pre>
<p>添加如下内容：</p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">#set java environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79
JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79/jre
CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH</pre>
<p>让修改生效：</p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false"># source /etc/profile</pre>
<p><strong>4.验证</strong></p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false"># java -version
java version "1.7.0_79"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_79-b15)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode)</pre>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p>和yum安装类似，不用设置环境变量就可以，运行java命令。rpm安装方式默认会把jdk安装到/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79，然后通过三层链接，链接到/usr/bin,具体链接如下：</p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false"># cd /bin
# ll|grep java
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 25 Mar 28 11:24 jar ->/usr/java/default/bin/jar
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 26 Mar 28 11:24 java -> /usr/java/default/bin/java
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 27 Mar 28 11:24 javac ->/usr/java/default/bin/javac
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 29 Mar 28 11:24 javadoc ->/usr/java/default/bin/javadoc
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 28 Mar 28 11:24 javaws ->/usr/java/default/bin/javaws
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 30 Mar 28 11:24 jcontrol ->/usr/java/default/bin/jcontrol
# cd /usr/java/
# ll
total 4
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 16 Mar 28 11:24 default-> /usr/java/latest
drwxr-xr-x. 8 root root 4096 Mar 28 11:24 jdk1.7.0_79
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 21 Mar 28 11:24 latest -> /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79</pre>
<p> </p>
<p>方法四：Ubuntu 上使用apt-get安装JDK</p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p>1.查看apt库都有哪些jdk版本</p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">root@Itble:~# apt-cache search java|grep jdk
default-jdk - Standard Java or Java compatible Development Kit
default-jdk-doc - Standard Java or Java compatible Development Kit (documentation)
gcj-4.6-jdk - gcj and classpath development tools for Java(TM)
gcj-jdk - gcj and classpath development tools for Java(TM)
openjdk-6-dbg - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (debugging symbols)
openjdk-6-demo - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (demos and examples)
openjdk-6-doc - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentation
openjdk-6-jdk - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)
openjdk-6-jre-lib - OpenJDK Java runtime (architecture independent libraries)
openjdk-6-source - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source files
openjdk-7-dbg - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (debugging symbols)
openjdk-7-demo - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (demos and examples)
openjdk-7-doc - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentation
openjdk-7-jdk - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)
openjdk-7-source - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source files
uwsgi-plugin-jvm-openjdk-6 - Java plugin for uWSGI (OpenJDK 6)
uwsgi-plugin-jwsgi-openjdk-6 - JWSGI plugin for uWSGI (OpenJDK 6)
openjdk-6-jre - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT
openjdk-6-jre-headless - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)
openjdk-7-jre - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT
openjdk-7-jre-headless - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)
openjdk-7-jre-lib - OpenJDK Java runtime (architecture independent libraries)</pre>
<p>2.选择版本进行安装</p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">root@Itble:~# apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk</pre>
<p><strong>3.设置环境变量</strong></p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">root@Itble:~# vi /etc/profile</pre>
<p>添加如下内容：</p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">#set java environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-amd64
JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH</pre>
<p>让修改生效：</p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">root@Itble:~# source /etc/profile</pre>
<p><strong>4.验证</strong></p>
<pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">root@Itble:~# java -version
java version "1.7.0_79"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea 2.5.5) (7u79-2.5.5-0ubuntu0.12.04.1)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode)</pre>
<p> </p>
<p>Ubuntu的apt-get安装方式和CentOS的yum安装方式很类似，这里就不再啰嗦。</p>
<p>CentOS安装jdk的三种方法</p>
<p>标签：linux java jdk</p>
<p>原文地址：http://vvxyz.blog.51cto.com/809437/1642258</p><br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/panchanggui/p/12420604.html
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