CentOS 8 系统安装 Oracle 19c 数据库
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><img width="600" height="500" class="aligncenter wp-image-4049 size-full" style="border: 0 currentColor; border-image: none; height: auto; clear: both; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-left: auto; display: block; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit" alt="" src="https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/oracle-19c-and-rultr-logo.jpg" data-pagespeed-url-hash="434119772" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" srcset="https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/oracle-19c-and-rultr-logo.jpg 600w, https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/oracle-19c-and-rultr-logo-300x250.jpg 300w" loading="lazy"></p><hr style="border: 0 currentColor; border-image: none; height: 1px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 24px; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: content-box; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(204, 204, 204, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial">
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><span style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 19.5pt">Oracle Database
19c</font></span><span><font style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></span><font style="font-size: 12pt">是 Oracle 公司发布的最新版多模式数据库管理系统，可以用于 OLTP（联机事务处理）和
DW（数据仓库）以及混合模式（OLTP+DW）数据工作流。虽然 Oracle Database 19c 是非自由软件，但是它可以从 Oracle
的官方网站免费下载并使用。</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">Oracle Database 19c
还可以从一些云服务商提供的云产品中免费获得预安装版本。</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">本文将详细讲解如何在 CentOS 8 系统静默安装 Oracle Database 19c
并创建一个多租户数据库服务器。</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 12pt">1]
系统环境说明</font></strong></p>
<ul style="margin: 0 0 8px; padding: 0 0 0 20px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial">
<li style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 12pt">操作系统：CentOS
8.1</font></li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 12pt">主机名：oracle-db-19c</font></li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 12pt">IP
地址：172.16.200.1</font></li></ul>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 12pt">2]
更新操作系统</font></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">在安装和配置服务器前，将 Linux
操作系统的软件包更新到最新是一个良好的习惯，这不仅可以降低软件兼容性风险，还可以有效提升系统稳定性。</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">对于 CentOS 8 系统，可以使用如下命令进行系统更新：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt"># dnf update -y</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 12pt">3]
配置本地主机解析</font></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">在安装 Oracle Database 19c 之前，需要为主机名配置好主机解析。主机解析可以通过 DNS
服务器完成，当然，如果没有 DNS 服务器，修改本地”/etc/hosts”文件也可以达到同样效果：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt"># echo "172.16.200.1 oracle-db-19c" >> /etc/hosts</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 12pt">4] 禁用 CentOS 8 系统
Transparent HugePages</font></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">Oracle 官方推荐禁用系统 Transparent
HugePages（透明大页）功能，因为该功能可能会导致 Oracle RAC 群集访问内存时节点重启以及单实例节点主机性能存在问题。于是，Oracle
官方推荐 Linux 系统采用 Standard HugePages（标准大页）。</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">而在 Red Hat 的 Linux 发行版中，透明大页自 EL 6.0 后会默认启用。</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">使用如下命令来判断 CentOS 8 系统是否启用了透明大页：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt"># cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><img width="700" height="100" class="aligncenter wp-image-4052 size-full" style="border: 0 currentColor; border-image: none; height: auto; clear: both; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-left: auto; display: block; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit" alt="" src="https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/hugepages-status-in-centos.jpg" data-pagespeed-url-hash="459323159" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" srcset="https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/hugepages-status-in-centos.jpg 700w, https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/hugepages-status-in-centos-300x43.jpg 300w" loading="lazy"></p>
<h5 align="center" style="margin: 0 0 10px; padding: 0; width: auto; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.3; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; clear: both; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><span style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 13.5pt">图.1 查看 CentOS 系统
Transparent HugePages 状态</font></span></h5>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">如图.1 所示，透明大页启用状态为””，表示系统启用了该功能。</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">禁用此功能的话，需要修改 GRUB 配置项，添加禁用透明大页的启动项参数。</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">修改”/etc/default/grub”文件，修改内容如下：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt">GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="resume=/dev/mapper/cl-swap rd.lvm.lv=cl/root rd.lvm.lv=cl/swap rhgb quiet transparent_hugepage=never"</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">配置文件修改完成后，使用如下命令重新生成 GRUB 配置并重启主机让配置生效：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt"># grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
# systemctl reboot</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">主机重新启动成功后，再次使用之前的命令查看透明大页状态，如果显示为””，则表示透明大页功能已经关闭。</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><img width="700" height="100" class="aligncenter wp-image-4053 size-full" style="border: 0 currentColor; border-image: none; height: auto; clear: both; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-left: auto; display: block; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit" alt="" src="https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/disable-hugepages-in-centos8.jpg" data-pagespeed-url-hash="2907167951" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" srcset="https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/disable-hugepages-in-centos8.jpg 700w, https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/disable-hugepages-in-centos8-300x43.jpg 300w" loading="lazy"></p>
<h5 align="center" style="margin: 0 0 10px; padding: 0; width: auto; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.3; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; clear: both; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><span style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 13.5pt">图.2 CentOS
系统成功禁用透明大页</font></span></h5>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 12pt">5] 安装 Oracle
Database 19c CentOS 8 系统依赖包</font></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">由于数据库服务器采用静默方式安装，为避免出错，在安装数据库之前，需要把 Oracle
程序依赖包安装至系统。依赖包同样采用 dnf 方式安装：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt">dnf install -y bc \
binutils \
elfutils-libelf \
elfutils-libelf-devel \
fontconfig-devel \
glibc \
glibc-devel \
ksh \
libaio \
libaio-devel \
libXrender \
libXrender-devel \
libX11 \
libXau \
libXi \
libXtst \
libgcc \
librdmacm-devel \
libstdc++ \
libstdc++-devel \
libxcb \
make \
net-tools \
smartmontools \
sysstat \
unzip \
libnsl \
libnsl2</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 12pt">6] 创建 Oracle 19c
使用的用户和属组</font></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">用以下命令创建 Oracle 19c 需要使用的用户及属组：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt"># groupadd -g 6001 oinstall
# groupadd -g 6002 dba
# groupadd -g 6003 oper
# groupadd -g 6004 backupdba
# groupadd -g 6005 dgdba
# groupadd -g 6006 kmdba
# groupadd -g 6007 racdba
# useradd -u 6001 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba oracle
# echo "oracle" | passwd oracle --stdin</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">此时，就创建了一个用户 oracle，并设置其密码为”oracle”。</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 12pt">7] 设置 Oracle
用户的安全权限</font></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">在”/etc/security/limits.d”目录中创建一个 oracle
用户的权限文件”30-oracle.conf”，文件内容如下：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt">oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768
oracle hard memlock 134217728
oracle soft memlock 134217728</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 12pt">8] 调整 CentOS
8系统参数</font></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">根据 Oracle 19c 的要求，创建 Oracle
参数文件”/etc/sysctl.d/98-oracle.conf”，内容如下：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt">fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">文件创建成功后，使用如下命令让配置立即生效：</font></p>
<div class="quads-location quads-ad2" id="quads-ad2" style="margin: 0; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; float: none; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"></amp-auto-ads></div>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt"># sysctl -p</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 12pt">9] 配置 SELinux
以及放行防火墙端口</font></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">使用如下命令将 SELinux 设置为”permissive”模式，并放行 Oracle 侦听的 1521
端口：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt"># sed -i 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=permissive/g' /etc/sysconfig/selinux
# setenforce permissive
# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=1521/tcp
# firewall-cmd --reload</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 12pt">10] 创建 Oracle 19c
的工作目录以及数据库目录</font></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">为了成功安装 Oracle 数据库，需要创建如下目录并更改目录属主权限：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt"># mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
# mkdir -p /u02/oradata
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 /u02
# chmod -R 775 /u01 /u02</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">我们这里创建了两个目录，其中”/u01″用于存放数据库管理系统软件，而”/u02″用于存放数据库文件。</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 12pt">11] 配置 Oracle
用户环境变量</font></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">切换到 oracle 用户，变修改该用户的环境变量文件”.bash_profile”：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt"># su - oracle
# vi .bash_profile</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">环境变量内容如下：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt"># Oracle Settings
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle-db-19c
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=oradb
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
export ORA_INVENTORY=/u01/app/oraInventory
export ORACLE_SID=oradb
export PDB_NAME=pdb
export DATA_DIR=/u02/oradata
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">注意环境变量的设置已经包含了 Oracle
数据库的各种基本参数设置，包括”ORACLE_BASE”和”ORACLE_HOME”等，这些设置与之前创建的目录相对应，并且设置了”ORACLE_SID”为”oradb”。</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">环境变量设置完成后，使用如下命令让配置生效：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt">$ source ~/.bash_profile</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 12pt">12] 静默安装 Oracle
Database 19c 数据库管理系统</font></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">首先从 Oracle 官方网站下载 Oracle Database 19c 的 Linux
版压缩包，下载虽然是免费的，但是需要一个 Oracle 用户帐号，反正注册起来也不麻烦，不妨注册一个，一直有用。</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">现在， 我们已经将压缩包下载，并放置在 oracle 用户的家目录，然后解压缩安装包：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt">$ unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">Oracle Database 19c 的安装工具对于识别 CentOS 8
系统存在一些问题，但是我们可以通过设置环境变量加以解决：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt">$ export CV_ASSUME_DISTID=RHEL8.0</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">最后，进入”ORACLE_HOME”目录进入静默安装：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt">$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
$ ./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -silent \
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=${ORACLE_HOSTNAME} \
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
INVENTORY_LOCATION=${ORA_INVENTORY} \
ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_HOME} \
ORACLE_BASE=${ORACLE_BASE} \
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba \
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba \
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba \
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba \
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false \
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">命令执行完之后，就进入漫长的等待，直到出现如下提示：</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><img width="700" height="335" class="aligncenter wp-image-4057 size-full" style="border: 0 currentColor; border-image: none; height: auto; clear: both; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-left: auto; display: block; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit" alt="" src="https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/install-oracle-19c-in-silent-mode.jpg" data-pagespeed-url-hash="2985464038" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" srcset="https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/install-oracle-19c-in-silent-mode.jpg 700w, https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/install-oracle-19c-in-silent-mode-300x144.jpg 300w" loading="lazy"></p>
<h5 align="center" style="margin: 0 0 10px; padding: 0; width: auto; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.3; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; clear: both; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><span style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 13.5pt">图.3 静默安装 Oracle
19c 数据库</font></span></h5>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">事实上静默安装同可视化安装达到的效果一致，熟悉响应文件或是安装器的同学可以尝试。看到安装成功的信息后，就根据提示内容切换到
root 用户执行两个初始化脚本，生成数据字典：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt">$ su -
# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
# /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/root.sh</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><strong style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 12pt">13] 使用 dbca
工具静默创建数据库</font></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">创建数据库前首先启动侦听，以便数据库自动注册：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt">$ lsnrctl start</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">之后，就使用如下命令通过 dbca 工具静默创建数据库：</font></p>
<pre style="background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 23px; border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 0, 0, 1); border-image: none; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; overflow: auto; margin-top: 14px; margin-bottom: 23px; word-spacing: 0; -ms-word-break: normal; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 11.2pt">dbca -silent -createDatabase \
-templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
-gdbname ${ORACLE_SID} -sid${ORACLE_SID} \
-responseFile NO_VALUE \
-characterSet AL32UTF8 \
-sysPassword 1qazXSW@ \
-systemPassword 1qazXSW@ \
-createAsContainerDatabase true \
-numberOfPDBs 1 \
-pdbName ${PDB_NAME} \
-pdbAdminPassword 1qazXSW@ \
-databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \
-automaticMemoryManagement false \
-totalMemory 800 \
-storageType FS \
-datafileDestination "${DATA_DIR}" \
-redoLogFileSize 50 \
-emConfiguration NONE \
-ignorePreReqs</font></pre>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">之后同样是漫长的等待，命令的意思就是指定创建数据库的各种选项，可以与可视化安装时的各个步骤相对应。</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">数据库创建成功后，会看到如下信息：</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><img width="700" height="400" class="aligncenter wp-image-4059 size-full" style="border: 0 currentColor; border-image: none; height: auto; clear: both; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-left: auto; display: block; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit" alt="" src="https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/create-datebase-in-19c-in-silent-mode.jpg" data-pagespeed-url-hash="1022968440" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" srcset="https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/create-datebase-in-19c-in-silent-mode.jpg 700w, https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/create-datebase-in-19c-in-silent-mode-300x171.jpg 300w" loading="lazy"></p>
<h5 align="center" style="margin: 0 0 10px; padding: 0; width: auto; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.3; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; clear: both; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><span style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 13.5pt">图.4
静默方式创建数据库</font></span></h5>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">至此，一个名为”oradb”的数据库就创建完成了。</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">登录到数据库，查看数据库实例状态，并查看一下侦听状态，确保数据库服务器可用：</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><img width="700" height="800" class="aligncenter wp-image-4060 size-full" style="border: 0 currentColor; border-image: none; height: auto; clear: both; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-left: auto; display: block; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: inherit" alt="" src="https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/verify-oracel-19c-server-status.jpg" data-pagespeed-url-hash="915560349" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" srcset="https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/verify-oracel-19c-server-status.jpg 700w, https://www.rultr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/verify-oracel-19c-server-status-263x300.jpg 263w" loading="lazy"></p>
<h5 align="center" style="margin: 0 0 10px; padding: 0; width: auto; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.3; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; clear: both; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><span style="box-sizing: inherit"><font style="font-size: 13.5pt">图.5
查看数据库服务器及侦听状态</font></span></h5>
<p style="margin: 0 0 15px; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0; white-space: normal; -ms-word-break: normal; box-sizing: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial"><font style="font-size: 12pt">以上就是关于CentOS 8 系统安装 Oracle 19c 数据库的全部内容。</font></p>
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