Delphi UTF/URL编码/解码 UTF8Encode、UTF8Decode、URLEncode、URLDecode
<p><strong><span style="font-size: 16px">Delphi UTF/URL编码/解码 UTF8Encode、UTF8Decode、URLEncode、URLDecode</span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-size: 16px">一、URL简介</span></strong></p>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 16px">URL是网页的地址，比如 http://www.cnblogs.com。Web 浏览器通过 URL 从 web 服务器请求页面。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 16px">由于URL字符串常常会包含非ASCII字符，URL在传输过程中，往往出现错误。因此，可以将非字符串字符，让一些特殊ASCII字符组合，代替非ASCII字符。这就是编码转换，当字符串传输后，可以返回原RUL字符串（解码）。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 16px">URL只能使用 ASCII 字符集来通过因特网进行发送。URL编码，就是会将RUL字符转换为可通过因特网传输的格式。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 16px">URL编码使用“%”其后跟随两位的十六进制数来替换非 ASCII 字符。比如“®”用“%A9”代替。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 16px">URL不能包含空格。URL编码通常使用“+”来替换空格。</span></li>
</ul>
<p><strong><span style="font-size: 16px">二、URL编码与解码</span></strong><br><span style="font-size: 16px"> 1、uses HttpApp; //引用单元</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px"> 2、编码，先UTF8编码，然后再URL编码，不然和标准的url_encode()编码结果不一致，查询结果自然不是预期的</span></p>
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<pre class="brush:delphi;gutter:true;">S2 := HttpEncode(UTF8Encode(S1));</pre>
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<p><span style="font-size: 16px"> 3、解码，先URL解码，然后再UTF8解码，否则结果是乱码。</span></p>
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<pre class="brush:delphi;gutter:true;">S1 := UTF8Decode(HttpDecode(S2));</pre>
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<p><span style="font-size: 16px"> 以上是内置函数调用</span></p>
<p><strong><span style="font-size: 16px">三、URLEncode、URLDecode </span></strong></p>
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<pre class="brush:delphi;gutter:true;"><span style="font-size: 16px">//URLEncode
function URLDecode(const S: string): string;
var
Idx: Integer; // loops thru chars in string
Hex: string; // string of hex characters
Code: Integer;// hex character code (-1 on error)
begin
// Intialise result and string index
Result := '';
Idx := 1;
// Loop thru string decoding each character
while Idx <= Length(S) do
begin
case S of
'%':
begin
// % should be followed by two hex digits - exception otherwise
if Idx <= Length(S) - 2 then
begin
// there are sufficient digits - try to decode hex digits
Hex := S + S;
Code := SysUtils.StrToIntDef('$' + Hex, -1);
Inc(Idx, 2);
end
else
// insufficient digits - error
Code := -1;
// check for error and raise exception if found
if Code = -1 then
raise SysUtils.EConvertError.Create(
'Invalid hex digit in URL'
);
// decoded OK - add character to result
Result := Result + Chr(Code);
end;
'+':
// + is decoded as a space
Result := Result + ' '
else
// All other characters pass thru unchanged
Result := Result + S;
end;
Inc(Idx);
end;
end;
//URLDecode
function URLEncode(const S: string; const InQueryString: Boolean): string;
var
Idx: Integer; // loops thru characters in string
begin
Result := '';
for Idx := 1 to Length(S) do
begin
case S of
'A'..'Z', 'a'..'z', '0'..'9', '-', '_', '.':
Result := Result + S;
' ':
if InQueryString then
Result := Result + '+'
else
Result := Result + '%20';
else
Result := Result + '%' + SysUtils.IntToHex(Ord(S), 2);
end;
end;
end;
</span></pre>
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<p><span style="font-size: 16px"> </span></p>
<p><strong><span style="font-size: 16px">四、示例</span></strong></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">示例1：</span></p>
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<pre class="brush:delphi;gutter:true;">uses
Httpapp;
begin
sStr:=HttpEncode(UTF8EnCode('滔Roy'));
//或：
//sStr:=HttpEncode(AnsiToUtf8('滔Roy'));
end;</pre>
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<p>示例2：</p>
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<pre class="brush:delphi;gutter:true;">uses
IdURI;
begin
sStr := TIdURI.URLEncode(str);
//
sStr := TIdURI.URLDecode(str);
end;
</pre>
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<p> </p>
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<p> </p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgba(136, 136, 136, 1)"> 创建时间：2019.12.03 更新时间：2021.04.29</span></p>
</div>
<div id="MySignature" role="contentinfo">
博客园 滔Roy https://www.cnblogs.com/guorongtao 希望内容对你有所帮助，谢谢！<br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/guorongtao/p/11975639.html
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