iOS开发基础101-指纹和面部识别
<p>在iOS开发中，使用FaceID和TouchID可以为用户提供安全的生物识别认证，而手势识别（Gesture Recognition）可以增加用户交互的便利性和灵活性。下面将详细介绍这三种技术，并给出如何封装一个统一的工具类来供外部使用。</p><h3 id="一faceid与touchid">一、FaceID与TouchID</h3>
<h4 id="1-设置与配置">1. 设置与配置</h4>
<p>在使用FaceID和TouchID之前，需要在项目的Info.plist中添加授权描述。</p>
<pre><code class="language-xml"><key>NSFaceIDUsageDescription</key>
<string>我们需要使用Face ID来验证你的身份</string>
<key>NSFaceIDUsageDescription</key>
<string>我需要使用Face ID来验证用户身份</string>
<key>NSLocalAuthenticationUsageDescription</key>
<string>我们需要使用登录来授权使用应用程序</string>
</code></pre>
<h4 id="2-faceid与touchid的使用">2. FaceID与TouchID的使用</h4>
<p>使用LocalAuthentication框架来进行生物识别认证。</p>
<pre><code class="language-swift">import LocalAuthentication
class BiometricAuthenticator {
let context = LAContext()
var error: NSError?
func authenticateUser(completion: @escaping (String?) -> Void) {
let reason = "请验证您的身份，以继续使用我们的服务。"
// 检查设备是否支持生物识别
if context.canEvaluatePolicy(.deviceOwnerAuthenticationWithBiometrics, error: &error) {
let biometricType = context.biometryType == .faceID ? "FaceID" : "TouchID"
//进行生物识别认证
context.evaluatePolicy(.deviceOwnerAuthenticationWithBiometrics, localizedReason: reason) { success, error in
DispatchQueue.main.async {
if success {
completion("\(biometricType)认证成功")
} else {
completion("认证失败: \(error?.localizedDescription)")
}
}
}
} else {
completion("生物识别不可用: \(error?.localizedDescription)")
}
}
}
</code></pre>
<h3 id="二手势识别">二、手势识别</h3>
<h4 id="1-配置手势识别">1. 配置手势识别</h4>
<p>手势识别通常通过<code>UIGestureRecognizer</code>及其子类来实现。</p>
<pre><code class="language-swift">import UIKit
class GestureRecognizerHelper {
func addTapGesture(to view: UIView, target: Any, action: Selector) {
let tap = UITapGestureRecognizer(target: target, action: action)
view.addGestureRecognizer(tap)
}
func addSwipeGesture(to view: UIView, target: Any, action: Selector, direction: UISwipeGestureRecognizer.Direction) {
let swipe = UISwipeGestureRecognizer(target: target, action: action)
swipe.direction = direction
view.addGestureRecognizer(swipe)
}
func addPinchGesture(to view: UIView, target: Any, action: Selector) {
let pinch = UIPinchGestureRecognizer(target: target, action: action)
view.addGestureRecognizer(pinch)
}
func addRotationGesture(to view: UIView, target: Any, action: Selector) {
let rotation = UIRotationGestureRecognizer(target: target, action: action)
view.addGestureRecognizer(rotation)
}
}
</code></pre>
<h3 id="三封装统一工具类">三、封装统一工具类</h3>
<p>将FaceID、TouchID和手势识别封装到一个工具类中，便于外部使用。</p>
<pre><code class="language-swift">import LocalAuthentication
import UIKit
class AuthenticationAndGestureHelper {
// MARK: - FaceID & TouchID
private let context = LAContext()
private var error: NSError?
func authenticateUser(completion: @escaping (String?) -> Void) {
let reason = "请验证您的身份，以继续使用我们的服务。"
// 检查设备是否支持生物识别
if context.canEvaluatePolicy(.deviceOwnerAuthenticationWithBiometrics, error: &error) {
let biometricType = context.biometryType == .faceID ? "FaceID" : "TouchID"
// 进行生物识别认证
context.evaluatePolicy(.deviceOwnerAuthenticationWithBiometrics, localizedReason: reason) { success, error in
DispatchQueue.main.async {
if success {
completion("\(biometricType)认证成功")
} else {
completion("认证失败: \(error?.localizedDescription)")
}
}
}
} else {
completion("生物识别不可用: \(error?.localizedDescription)")
}
}
// MARK: - Gesture Recognition
func addTapGesture(to view: UIView, target: Any, action: Selector) {
let tap = UITapGestureRecognizer(target: target, action: action)
view.addGestureRecognizer(tap)
}
func addSwipeGesture(to view: UIView, target: Any, action: Selector, direction: UISwipeGestureRecognizer.Direction) {
let swipe = UISwipeGestureRecognizer(target: target, action: action)
swipe.direction = direction
view.addGestureRecognizer(swipe)
}
func addPinchGesture(to view: UIView, target: Any, action: Selector) {
let pinch = UIPinchGestureRecognizer(target: target, action: action)
view.addGestureRecognizer(pinch)
}
func addRotationGesture(to view: UIView, target: Any, action: Selector) {
let rotation = UIRotationGestureRecognizer(target: target, action: action)
view.addGestureRecognizer(rotation)
}
}
</code></pre>
<h3 id="四使用示例">四、使用示例</h3>
<pre><code class="language-swift">import UIKit
class ViewController: UIViewController {
let authHelper = AuthenticationAndGestureHelper()
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
// 使用面部识别或者指纹识别
authHelper.authenticateUser { message in
if let message = message {
print(message)
}
}
// 添加手势
authHelper.addTapGesture(to: self.view, target: self, action: #selector(handleTapGesture))
authHelper.addSwipeGesture(to: self.view, target: self, action: #selector(handleSwipeGesture), direction: .right)
}
@objc func handleTapGesture() {
print("Tap Gesture Recognized")
}
@objc func handleSwipeGesture() {
print("Swipe Gesture Recognized")
}
}
</code></pre>
<h2 id="对应的oc版本">对应的oc版本</h2>
<h3 id="一faceid与touchid-1">一、FaceID与TouchID</h3>
<h4 id="1-设置与配置-1">1. 设置与配置</h4>
<p>在使用FaceID和TouchID之前，需要在项目的Info.plist中添加授权描述。</p>
<pre><code class="language-xml"><key>NSFaceIDUsageDescription</key>
<string>我们需要使用Face ID来验证你的身份</string>
<key>NSLocalAuthenticationUsageDescription</key>
<string>我们需要使用登录来授权使用应用程序</string>
</code></pre>
<h4 id="2-faceid与touchid的使用-1">2. FaceID与TouchID的使用</h4>
<p>使用LocalAuthentication框架来进行生物识别认证。</p>
<pre><code class="language-objective-c">#import <LocalAuthentication/LocalAuthentication.h>
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@interface BiometricAuthenticator : NSObject
- (void)authenticateUserWithCompletion:(void (^)(NSString *))completion;
@end
@implementation BiometricAuthenticator
- (void)authenticateUserWithCompletion:(void (^)(NSString *))completion {
LAContext *context = [ init];
NSError *error = nil;
NSString *reason = @"请验证您的身份，以继续使用我们的服务。";
// 检查设备是否支持生物识别
if () {
NSString *biometricType = context.biometryType == LABiometryTypeFaceID ? @"FaceID" : @"TouchID";
// 进行生物识别认证
[context evaluatePolicy:LAPolicyDeviceOwnerAuthenticationWithBiometrics localizedReason:reason reply:^(BOOL success, NSError * _Nullable error) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
if (success) {
completion();
} else {
completion();
}
});
}];
} else {
completion();
}
}
@end
</code></pre>
<h3 id="二手势识别-1">二、手势识别</h3>
<h4 id="1-配置手势识别-1">1. 配置手势识别</h4>
<p>手势识别通常通过<code>UIGestureRecognizer</code>及其子类来实现。</p>
<pre><code class="language-objective-c">#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@interface GestureRecognizerHelper : NSObject
- (void)addTapGestureToView:(UIView *)view target:(id)target action:(SEL)action;
- (void)addSwipeGestureToView:(UIView *)view target:(id)target action:(SEL)action direction:(UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirection)direction;
- (void)addPinchGestureToView:(UIView *)view target:(id)target action:(SEL)action;
- (void)addRotationGestureToView:(UIView *)view target:(id)target action:(SEL)action;
@end
@implementation GestureRecognizerHelper
- (void)addTapGestureToView:(UIView *)view target:(id)target action:(SEL)action {
UITapGestureRecognizer *tap = [ initWithTarget:target action:action];
;
}
- (void)addSwipeGestureToView:(UIView *)view target:(id)target action:(SEL)action direction:(UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirection)direction {
UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipe = [ initWithTarget:target action:action];
swipe.direction = direction;
;
}
- (void)addPinchGestureToView:(UIView *)view target:(id)target action:(SEL)action {
UIPinchGestureRecognizer *pinch = [ initWithTarget:target action:action];
;
}
- (void)addRotationGestureToView:(UIView *)view target:(id)target action:(SEL)action {
UIRotationGestureRecognizer *rotation = [ initWithTarget:target action:action];
;
}
@end
</code></pre>
<h3 id="三封装统一工具类-1">三、封装统一工具类</h3>
<p>将FaceID、TouchID和手势识别封装到一个工具类中，便于外部使用。</p>
<pre><code class="language-objective-c">#import <LocalAuthentication/LocalAuthentication.h>
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@interface AuthenticationAndGestureHelper : NSObject
// FaceID & TouchID
- (void)authenticateUserWithCompletion:(void (^)(NSString *message))completion;
// Gesture Recognition
- (void)addTapGestureToView:(UIView *)view target:(id)target action:(SEL)action;
- (void)addSwipeGestureToView:(UIView *)view target:(id)target action:(SEL)action direction:(UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirection)direction;
- (void)addPinchGestureToView:(UIView *)view target:(id)target action:(SEL)action;
- (void)addRotationGestureToView:(UIView *)view target:(id)target action:(SEL)action;
@end
@implementation AuthenticationAndGestureHelper {
LAContext *_context;
NSError *_error;
}
- (instancetype)init {
self = ;
if (self) {
_context = [ init];
}
return self;
}
- (void)authenticateUserWithCompletion:(void (^)(NSString *message))completion {
NSString *reason = @"请验证您的身份，以继续使用我们的服务。";
if () {
NSString *biometricType = _context.biometryType == LABiometryTypeFaceID ? @"FaceID" : @"TouchID";
[_context evaluatePolicy:LAPolicyDeviceOwnerAuthenticationWithBiometrics localizedReason:reason reply:^(BOOL success, NSError * _Nullable error) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
if (success) {
completion();
} else {
completion();
}
});
}];
} else {
completion();
}
}
- (void)addTapGestureToView:(UIView *)view target:(id)target action:(SEL)action {
UITapGestureRecognizer *tap = [ initWithTarget:target action:action];
;
}
- (void)addSwipeGestureToView:(UIView *)view target:(id)target action:(SEL)action direction:(UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirection)direction {
UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipe = [ initWithTarget:target action:action];
swipe.direction = direction;
;
}
- (void)addPinchGestureToView:(UIView *)view target:(id)target action:(SEL)action {
UIPinchGestureRecognizer *pinch = [ initWithTarget:target action:action];
;
}
- (void)addRotationGestureToView:(UIView *)view target:(id)target action:(SEL)action {
UIRotationGestureRecognizer *rotation = [ initWithTarget:target action:action];
;
}
@end
</code></pre>
<h3 id="四使用示例-1">四、使用示例</h3>
<pre><code class="language-objective-c">#import "ViewController.h"
#import "AuthenticationAndGestureHelper.h"
@interface ViewController ()
@property (nonatomic, strong) AuthenticationAndGestureHelper *authHelper;
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
;
self.authHelper = [ init];
// 使用面部识别或者指纹识别
[self.authHelper authenticateUserWithCompletion:^(NSString *message) {
if (message) {
NSLog(@"%@", message);
}
}];
// 添加手势
;
;
}
- (void)handleTapGesture {
NSLog(@"Tap Gesture Recognized");
}
- (void)handleSwipeGesture {
NSLog(@"Swipe Gesture Recognized");
}
@end
</code></pre>
<p>通过上述代码示例，我们实现了对FaceID、TouchID和手势识别的封装，并展示了如何在实际项目中进行调用和使用。这样可以大大提高代码的复用性和可维护性。</p>
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来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/chglog/p/18305505
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