fedora 中 anaconda环境配置
<p></p><div class="toc"><div class="toc-container-header">目录</div><ul><li>1. 安装anaconda</li><li>1.1 激活conda环境</li><li>1.2 修改镜像源</li><li>1.3 pycharm 使用 anaconda</li><li>1.4 pycharm 中运行示例</li><li>2. 安装科学计算库</li><li>2.1 安装 pytorch cpu 版本</li></ul></div><p></p><p>不问anaconda是什么，只问anaconda里有什么。anaconda 里有python、numpy等科学计算库，可以方便安装 pytorch、tensorflow等深度学习库，可以创建虚拟环境。</p>
<h4 id="1-安装anaconda">1. 安装anaconda</h4>
<p>操作系统为 Fedora workstation 29 x86_64</p>
<p>下载个人版 https://repo.anaconda.com/archive/Anaconda3-2021.05-Linux-x86_64.sh 根据提示安装，设置安装位置等。</p>
<p>如何查看安装是否成功？可以使用<code>conda list | grep numpy</code>，如果运行成功且能看到numpy 库，说明安装成功。</p>
<h4 id="11-激活conda环境">1.1 激活conda环境</h4>
<p>如果激活conda环境？安装脚本默认往<code>~/.bashrc</code>里写入激活脚本，</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash"># >>> conda initialize >>>
# !! Contents within this block are managed by 'conda init' !!
__conda_setup="$('/home/software/anaconda3/bin/conda' 'shell.bash' 'hook' 2> /dev/null)"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
eval "$__conda_setup"
else
if [ -f "/home/software/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh" ]; then
. "/home/software/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh"
else
export PATH="/home/software/anaconda3/bin:$PATH"
fi
fi
unset __conda_setup
# <<< conda initialize <<<
</code></pre>
<p>使用<code>source ~/.bashrc</code>即可自动激活</p>
<p>如果取消自动激活需要使用<code>conda config --set auto_activate_base false</code> 修改<code>~/.condarc</code></p>
<pre><code>show_channel_urls: true
channels:
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
- defaults
auto_activate_base: false
</code></pre>
<p>手动激活运行 <code>conda activate</code> 终端bash界面命令行会显示</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">(base) $ conda activate
(base) $
</code></pre>
<p>这时如果运行 python 则显示为 anaconda 里的python 版本</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">(base) $ python
Python 3.8.8 (default, Apr 13 2021, 19:58:26)
:: Anaconda, Inc. on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>
</code></pre>
<p>使用 <code>conda deactivate</code>手动进行退出。</p>
<h4 id="12-修改镜像源">1.2 修改镜像源</h4>
<pre><code class="language-bash">conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/
conda config --set show_channel_urls yes
</code></pre>
<p>为了保证使用的是tsinghua的源，可以把<code>~/.condarc</code>中的<code>- defaults</code>删掉。</p>
<h4 id="13-pycharm-使用-anaconda">1.3 pycharm 使用 anaconda</h4>
<pre><code class="language-text">PyCharm 2021.2 (Professional Edition)
Build #PY-212.4746.96, built on July 27, 2021
</code></pre>
<p>在项目中设置 anaconda 里的python环境。</p>
<p><img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/492311/202110/492311-20211009100205149-1579074189.png" alt="image" loading="lazy"><br>
<img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/492311/202110/492311-20211009100215325-565820376.png" alt="image" loading="lazy"></p>
<h4 id="14-pycharm-中运行示例">1.4 pycharm 中运行示例</h4>
<p>numpy 示例</p>
<details>
<summary>点击查看代码</summary>
<pre><code class="language-python"># This is a sample Python script.
# Press Shift+F10 to execute it or replace it with your code.
# Press Double Shift to search everywhere for classes, files, tool windows, actions, and settings.
import numpy as np
def print_hi(name):
# Use a breakpoint in the code line below to debug your script.
a = np.arange(15).reshape(3, 5)
print(a)
print(f'Hi, {name}')# Press Ctrl+F8 to toggle the breakpoint.
# Press the green button in the gutter to run the script.
if __name__ == '__main__':
print_hi('PyCharm')
# See PyCharm help at https://www.jetbrains.com/help/pycharm/
</code></pre>
</details>
<h4 id="2-安装科学计算库">2. 安装科学计算库</h4>
<p>先看<code>conda list</code> 默认是否安装。这里安装了 <code>numpy 1.20.1</code>, <code>scikit-learn 0.24.1</code>, <code>scipy 1.6.2</code>, <code>pandas 1.2.4</code>.</p>
<h4 id="21-安装-pytorch-cpu-版本">2.1 安装 pytorch cpu 版本</h4>
<p>https://pytorch.org/ 提供了安装命令<br>
<code>conda install pytorch torchvision torchaudio cpuonly -c pytorch</code><br>
成功安装 <code>pytorch 1.9.1 cpu-only</code></p>
<p>示例程序：</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">$ conda activate
(base) $ python
Python 3.8.8 (default, Apr 13 2021, 19:58:26)
:: Anaconda, Inc. on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import torch
>>> import numpy as np
>>> data = [,]
>>> x_data = torch.tensor(data)
>>> print(x_data)
tensor([,
])
>>>
</code></pre>
<p>2.2 安装 tensorflow cpu 版本<br>
https://www.tensorflow.org/ 没有提供 <code>conda</code> 的安装命令，使用 https://anaconda.org/anaconda/tensorflow 的命令：<br>
<code>conda install -c anaconda tensorflow</code></p>
<p>示例程序一:</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">$ conda activate
(base) $ python
Python 3.8.8 (default, Apr 13 2021, 19:58:26)
:: Anaconda, Inc. on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> from tensorflow import keras as ks
>>> print("TensorFlow version:", tf.__version__)
>>> print("Keras version:", ks.__version__)
>>>
</code></pre>
<p>示例程序二：</p>
<pre><code class="language-python">import tensorflow as tf
mnist = tf.keras.datasets.mnist
(x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test) = mnist.load_data()
x_train, x_test = x_train / 255.0, x_test / 255.0
model = tf.keras.models.Sequential([
tf.keras.layers.Flatten(input_shape=(28, 28)),
tf.keras.layers.Dense(128, activation='relu'),
tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.2),
tf.keras.layers.Dense(10, activation='softmax')
])
model.compile(optimizer='adam',
loss='sparse_categorical_crossentropy',
metrics=['accuracy'])
model.fit(x_train, y_train, epochs=5)
model.evaluate(x_test,y_test, verbose=2)
</code></pre>
<p> https://docs.anaconda.com/anaconda/install/linux/<br>
https://askubuntu.com/questions/1026383/why-does-base-appear-in-front-of-my-terminal-prompt<br>
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/55171696/how-to-remove-base-from-terminal-prompt-after-updating-conda<br>
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/348120084</p><br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/cntech/p/15329090.html
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