C#Modbus Rtu的实现

佳元建材 發表於 2019-5-11 20:02:00

Modbus Rtu的实现与Modbus Tcp的实现类似 C#ModBus Tcp的学习及Master的实现
我们还是需要借用一个开源库NModbus4,在vs中.打开NuGet管理器.安装NModbus4
<img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1630815/201905/1630815-20190511105244313-446452823.png" alt="">
 
具体实现,具体实现与之前的Modbus Tcp的实现类似 ,只是在实例化master时将TCPClient换为串行端口资源SerialPort,并在实例化是设置好端口所需参数(端口名,波特率,校验位,停止位,数据位)
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<pre>1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Generic;
3 using System.ComponentModel;
4 using System.Data;
5 using System.Drawing;
6 using System.Linq;
7 using System.Text;
8 using System.Threading.Tasks;
9 using System.Windows.Forms;
 10 using Modbus.Device;
 11 using System.Net.Sockets;
 12 using System.Threading;
 13 using System.IO.Ports;
 14
 15 namespace ModbusRtu
 16 {
 17 public partial class Form1 : Form
 18 {
 19 private static IModbusMaster master;
 20 private static SerialPort port;
 21 //写线圈或写寄存器数组
 22 private bool[] coilsBuffer;
 23 private ushort[] registerBuffer;
 24 //功能码
 25 private string functionCode;
 26 //参数(分别为站号,起始地址,长度)
 27 private byte slaveAddress;
 28 private ushort startAddress;
 29 private ushort numberOfPoints;
 30 //串口参数
 31 private string portName;
 32 private int baudRate;
 33 private Parity parity;
 34 private int dataBits;
 35 private StopBits stopBits;
 36
 37 public Form1()
 38 {
 39 InitializeComponent();
 40 }
 41 private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
 42 {
 43 cmb_portname.SelectedIndex = 0;
 44 cmb_baud.SelectedIndex = 5;
 45 cmb_parity.SelectedIndex = 2;
 46 cmb_databBits.SelectedIndex = 1;
 47 cmb_stopBits.SelectedIndex = 0;
 48 }
 49 private SerialPort InitSerialPortParameter()
 50 {
 51 if (cmb_portname.SelectedIndex < 0 || cmb_baud.SelectedIndex < 0 || cmb_parity.SelectedIndex < 0 || cmb_databBits.SelectedIndex < 0 || cmb_stopBits.SelectedIndex < 0)
 52 {
 53 MessageBox.Show("请选择串口参数");
 54 return null;
 55 }
 56 else
 57 {
 58
 59 portName = cmb_portname.SelectedItem.ToString();
 60 baudRate = int.Parse(cmb_baud.SelectedItem.ToString());
 61 switch (cmb_parity.SelectedItem.ToString())
 62 {
 63 case "奇":
 64 parity = Parity.Odd;
 65 break;
 66 case "偶":
 67 parity = Parity.Even;
 68 break;
 69 case "无":
 70 parity = Parity.None;
 71 break;
 72 default:
 73 break;
 74 }
 75 dataBits = int.Parse(cmb_databBits.SelectedItem.ToString());
 76 switch (cmb_stopBits.SelectedItem.ToString())
 77 {
 78 case "1":
 79 stopBits = StopBits.One;
 80 break;
 81 case "2":
 82 stopBits = StopBits.Two;
 83 break;
 84 default:
 85 break;
 86 }
 87 port = new SerialPort(portName, baudRate, parity, dataBits, stopBits);
 88 return port;
 89 }
 90 }
 91 /// <summary>
 92 /// 读/写
 93 /// </summary>
 94 /// <param name="sender"></param>
 95 /// <param name="e"></param>
 96 private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 97 {
 98 try
 99 {
100 //初始化串口参数
101 InitSerialPortParameter();
102
103 master = ModbusSerialMaster.CreateRtu(port);
104
105 ExecuteFunction();
106 }
107 catch (Exception)
108 {
109 MessageBox.Show("初始化异常");
110 }
111 }
112
113 private async void ExecuteFunction()
114 {
115 try
116 {
117 //每次操作是要开启串口操作完成后需要关闭串口
118 //目的是为了slave更换连接是不报错
119 if (port.IsOpen == false)
120 {
121 port.Open();
122 }
123 if (functionCode != null)
124 {
125 switch (functionCode)
126 {
127 case "01 Read Coils"://读取单个线圈
128 SetReadParameters();
129 coilsBuffer = master.ReadCoils(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints);
130
131 for (int i = 0; i < coilsBuffer.Length; i++)
132 {
133 SetMsg(coilsBuffer + " ");
134 }
135 SetMsg("\r\n");
136 break;
137 case "02 Read DisCrete Inputs"://读取输入线圈/离散量线圈
138 SetReadParameters();
139
140 coilsBuffer = master.ReadInputs(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints);
141 for (int i = 0; i < coilsBuffer.Length; i++)
142 {
143 SetMsg(coilsBuffer + " ");
144 }
145 SetMsg("\r\n");
146 break;
147 case "03 Read Holding Registers"://读取保持寄存器
148 SetReadParameters();
149 registerBuffer = master.ReadHoldingRegisters(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints);
150 for (int i = 0; i < registerBuffer.Length; i++)
151 {
152 SetMsg(registerBuffer + " ");
153 }
154 SetMsg("\r\n");
155 break;
156 case "04 Read Input Registers"://读取输入寄存器
157 SetReadParameters();
158 registerBuffer = master.ReadInputRegisters(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints);
159 for (int i = 0; i < registerBuffer.Length; i++)
160 {
161 SetMsg(registerBuffer + " ");
162 }
163 SetMsg("\r\n");
164 break;
165 case "05 Write Single Coil"://写单个线圈
166 SetWriteParametes();
167 await master.WriteSingleCoilAsync(slaveAddress, startAddress, coilsBuffer[0]);
168 break;
169 case "06 Write Single Registers"://写单个输入线圈/离散量线圈
170 SetWriteParametes();
171 await master.WriteSingleRegisterAsync(slaveAddress, startAddress, registerBuffer[0]);
172 break;
173 case "0F Write Multiple Coils"://写一组线圈
174 SetWriteParametes();
175 await master.WriteMultipleCoilsAsync(slaveAddress, startAddress, coilsBuffer);
176 break;
177 case "10 Write Multiple Registers"://写一组保持寄存器
178 SetWriteParametes();
179 await master.WriteMultipleRegistersAsync(slaveAddress, startAddress, registerBuffer);
180 break;
181 default:
182 break;
183 }
184
185 }
186 else
187 {
188 MessageBox.Show("请选择功能码!");
189 }
190 port.Close();
191 }
192 catch (Exception ex)
193 {
194
195 MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
196 }
197 }
198 private void comboBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
199 {
200 if (comboBox1.SelectedIndex >= 4)
201 {
202 groupBox2.Enabled = true;
203 groupBox1.Enabled = false;
204 }
205 else
206 {
207 groupBox1.Enabled = true;
208 groupBox2.Enabled = false;
209 }
210 comboBox1.Invoke(new Action(() => { functionCode = comboBox1.SelectedItem.ToString(); }));
211 }
212
213 /// <summary>
214 /// 初始化读参数
215 /// </summary>
216 private void SetReadParameters()
217 {
218 if (txt_startAddr1.Text == "" || txt_slave1.Text == "" || txt_length.Text == "")
219 {
220 MessageBox.Show("请填写读参数!");
221 }
222 else
223 {
224 slaveAddress = byte.Parse(txt_slave1.Text);
225 startAddress = ushort.Parse(txt_startAddr1.Text);
226 numberOfPoints = ushort.Parse(txt_length.Text);
227 }
228 }
229 /// <summary>
230 /// 初始化写参数
231 /// </summary>
232 private void SetWriteParametes()
233 {
234 if (txt_startAddr2.Text == "" || txt_slave2.Text == "" || txt_data.Text == "")
235 {
236 MessageBox.Show("请填写写参数!");
237 }
238 else
239 {
240 slaveAddress = byte.Parse(txt_slave2.Text);
241 startAddress = ushort.Parse(txt_startAddr2.Text);
242 //判断是否写线圈
243 if (comboBox1.SelectedIndex == 4 || comboBox1.SelectedIndex == 6)
244 {
245 string[] strarr = txt_data.Text.Split(' ');
246 coilsBuffer = new bool;
247 //转化为bool数组
248 for (int i = 0; i < strarr.Length; i++)
249 {
250 // strarr == "0" ? coilsBuffer = true : coilsBuffer = false;
251 if (strarr == "0")
252 {
253 coilsBuffer = false;
254 }
255 else
256 {
257 coilsBuffer = true;
258 }
259 }
260 }
261 else
262 {
263 //转化ushort数组
264 string[] strarr = txt_data.Text.Split(' ');
265 registerBuffer = new ushort;
266 for (int i = 0; i < strarr.Length; i++)
267 {
268 registerBuffer = ushort.Parse(strarr);
269 }
270 }
271 }
272 }
273
274 /// <summary>
275 /// 清除文本
276 /// </summary>
277 /// <param name="sender"></param>
278 /// <param name="e"></param>
279 private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
280 {
281 richTextBox1.Clear();
282 }
283 /// <summary>
284 /// SetMessage
285 /// </summary>
286 /// <param name="msg"></param>
287 public void SetMsg(string msg)
288 {
289 richTextBox1.Invoke(new Action(() => { richTextBox1.AppendText(msg); }));
290 }
291
292 }
293 }</pre>
</div>
View Code</div>
接下来开始测试
在这里因为要用到串口,而我的笔记本没有串口,所以需要借助一个工具
Virtual Serial Port Dirver 虚拟串口工具 
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1opGre3GS-HWFoA_dP9qYYg 
提取码：2afu 
借用这个工具我们添加两个虚拟串口 COM1和COM2 点击Add Virtual Pair 添加
<img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1630815/201905/1630815-20190511194028409-724607865.png" alt="">
设置Modbus Slave,选择连接方式为串口,选择对应端口,模式选择RTU,建立连接
<img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1630815/201905/1630815-20190511194645309-195780803.png" alt="">
 
接下来运行我们自己的Modbus RTU Master
设置串口参数(波特率,数据位,奇偶校验,停止位)要与Slave的串口参数一致
我们测试功能码 0x01 读一组线圈
<img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1630815/201905/1630815-20190511195346652-1022612729.png" alt="">
测试完成,数据正常,其他的功能码经测试数据正常,有兴趣的可以自行测试
到此为止,Modbus的学习到此告一段落
以上都为我自行学习并实现,如有错误之处,望大家不吝赐教,感谢(抱拳~)
 
程序源代码:
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1mPAhRixLbsDb7h2ePENTRA 提取码：b5w6
 
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 作者：
 Niuery Daily


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C#Modbus Rtu的实现