Kafka与RocketMQ的形象理解
<div data-zone-id="0" data-line-index="0" data-line="true"><h3 class="heading-h3">一、先分清：两家店 “主打啥”（定位）</h3>
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<div data-zone-id="xr18jjuwuz0441nqvfmgvvukainm63ayr1fxc12cv0fo0f3r784stmwoga4y0ubffeszhr" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">店类型</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr18jjuwuz0441nqvfmgvvukainm63ayr1fxc17rifl6l5m9nf5lkk2alld32igyh97zqh" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">对应 MQ</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr18jjuwuz0441nqvfmgvvukainm63ayr1fxc1tlmbcfebwdkopi9g6w022w1qj2bvcik8" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">主打能力（一句话）</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr18jjuwuz0441nqvfmgvvukainm63ayr1fxc1ydwp8dm97lp389v4ylhu681zb7olqnnm" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">像生活里的啥？</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1wh08o1ofqrtjr93mc0187vlb48yhq25zxc12cv0fo0f3r784stmwoga4y0ubffeszhr" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">快递分拣站</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1wh08o1ofqrtjr93mc0187vlb48yhq25zxc17rifl6l5m9nf5lkk2alld32igyh97zqh" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">Kafka</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1wh08o1ofqrtjr93mc0187vlb48yhq25zxc1tlmbcfebwdkopi9g6w022w1qj2bvcik8" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">只拼 “快” 和 “多”，不管复杂服务</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1wh08o1ofqrtjr93mc0187vlb48yhq25zxc1ydwp8dm97lp389v4ylhu681zb7olqnnm" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">双 11 快递仓：一天分 10 万件，不帮改地址</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1vrdrwnqsjgdiq6559pis2dlecsvfca2cxc12cv0fo0f3r784stmwoga4y0ubffeszhr" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">社区便利店</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1vrdrwnqsjgdiq6559pis2dlecsvfca2cxc17rifl6l5m9nf5lkk2alld32igyh97zqh" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">RocketMQ</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1vrdrwnqsjgdiq6559pis2dlecsvfca2cxc1tlmbcfebwdkopi9g6w022w1qj2bvcik8" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">啥都管 “全”，服务灵活</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1vrdrwnqsjgdiq6559pis2dlecsvfca2cxc1ydwp8dm97lp389v4ylhu681zb7olqnnm" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">楼下小超市：能留货、能退差、能帮存东西</div>
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<h3 class="heading-h3">二、再懂：核心功能 “咋实现”（对应技术点）</h3>
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<div data-zone-id="xr16g3zj17r5q12b9iaso4rr6nitl2jmehlxc18ivg3upgd702wzo8ol078luo1lbnfqeb" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">要干的事</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr16g3zj17r5q12b9iaso4rr6nitl2jmehlxc1zjkp8c8g5tbl09yc8b7fh233fbagyzaz" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">快递分拣站（Kafka）怎么干？</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr16g3zj17r5q12b9iaso4rr6nitl2jmehlxc1pg1qsadf6i652badbbojj1eu2lltidab" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">社区便利店（RocketMQ）怎么干？</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr15g0h86l7j3bgzsy2y5sofdba92i4qahkxc18ivg3upgd702wzo8ol078luo1lbnfqeb" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">1. 分货（数据分片）</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr15g0h86l7j3bgzsy2y5sofdba92i4qahkxc1zjkp8c8g5tbl09yc8b7fh233fbagyzaz" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">划 10 条 “固定通道”（Partition），北京走 1 号、上海走 2 号，货只往后堆，不改方向</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr15g0h86l7j3bgzsy2y5sofdba92i4qahkxc1pg1qsadf6i652badbbojj1eu2lltidab" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">摆多个 “货架”（Queue），牛奶放 A 架、面包放 B 架，能随时调整货架位置</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1wdv54lctdc4entc8t05ip9ydzscloimzxc18ivg3upgd702wzo8ol078luo1lbnfqeb" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">2. 保证货不丢（高可用）</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1wdv54lctdc4entc8t05ip9ydzscloimzxc1zjkp8c8g5tbl09yc8b7fh233fbagyzaz" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">每条通道配 2 个分拣员（ISR）：A 分货、B 盯着同步，A 请假了 B 顶上</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1wdv54lctdc4entc8t05ip9ydzscloimzxc1pg1qsadf6i652badbbojj1eu2lltidab" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">雇 3 个前台（NameServer）：顾客问货在哪，前台随时指，一个请假还有俩</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1oucypk8gg0modve4vzv511rmh3srwig1xc18ivg3upgd702wzo8ol078luo1lbnfqeb" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">3. 处理特殊需求</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1oucypk8gg0modve4vzv511rmh3srwig1xc1zjkp8c8g5tbl09yc8b7fh233fbagyzaz" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">不接！改地址、先验货都不行（牺牲灵活换速度）</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1oucypk8gg0modve4vzv511rmh3srwig1xc1pg1qsadf6i652badbbojj1eu2lltidab" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">全接！- 留货：先贴 “预定标签”（事务消息），付钱再拿- 存东西：按 “整点格子” 存（延时队列），到点提醒- 退货：坏零食放 “暂存架”（DLQ），不扔回货架</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1h9ebuvzzwnu80mqkoojspuvi28zd985bxc18ivg3upgd702wzo8ol078luo1lbnfqeb" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">4. 人多了咋分工（并行）</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1h9ebuvzzwnu80mqkoojspuvi28zd985bxc1zjkp8c8g5tbl09yc8b7fh233fbagyzaz" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">加分拣员就重新分通道（Rebalance），分的时候暂停一会儿</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1h9ebuvzzwnu80mqkoojspuvi28zd985bxc1pg1qsadf6i652badbbojj1eu2lltidab" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">加店员就重新分货架（Queue 分配），不暂停，能边卖边调</div>
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<h3 class="heading-h3">三、再选：你的需求 “该找谁”（场景匹配）</h3>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1wpk0tjr32nytmaf638gijhkur28nph26xc1v77gs5il4wjr15fgz4grjl0q1vh4avyk" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">你的需求</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1wpk0tjr32nytmaf638gijhkur28nph26xc1yh00pnmt2bcfr7ie3dynkru0mygqqg9p" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">选哪家？</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1wpk0tjr32nytmaf638gijhkur28nph26xc1ykfucbnd7neqoje9en9qj6yp0epoiyi0" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">理由（一句话）</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr10gad60eqsgj5tjbzokw3iuy8hsootaw3xc1v77gs5il4wjr15fgz4grjl0q1vh4avyk" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">1. 发 10 万条日志 / 埋点数据</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr10gad60eqsgj5tjbzokw3iuy8hsootaw3xc1yh00pnmt2bcfr7ie3dynkru0mygqqg9p" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">分拣站（Kafka）</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr10gad60eqsgj5tjbzokw3iuy8hsootaw3xc1ykfucbnd7neqoje9en9qj6yp0epoiyi0" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">快！一天能扛 100 万条，晚几分钟没关系</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1663q686zvo1ogn3uey5w8mu2g9q8pfepxc1v77gs5il4wjr15fgz4grjl0q1vh4avyk" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">2. 订蛋糕：先留货、下班付钱</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1663q686zvo1ogn3uey5w8mu2g9q8pfepxc1yh00pnmt2bcfr7ie3dynkru0mygqqg9p" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">便利店（RocketMQ）</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1663q686zvo1ogn3uey5w8mu2g9q8pfepxc1ykfucbnd7neqoje9en9qj6yp0epoiyi0" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">能 “贴预定标签”（事务消息），不怕被别人买走</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr11q66yj4dmfnwf2s4hod0bg2kfy582o01xc1v77gs5il4wjr15fgz4grjl0q1vh4avyk" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">3. 订单超时：30 分钟后取消</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr11q66yj4dmfnwf2s4hod0bg2kfy582o01xc1yh00pnmt2bcfr7ie3dynkru0mygqqg9p" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">便利店（RocketMQ）</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr11q66yj4dmfnwf2s4hod0bg2kfy582o01xc1ykfucbnd7neqoje9en9qj6yp0epoiyi0" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">能放 “30 分钟后取” 格子（延时队列），不用盯着表</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1m0e32tsq31i69bph0z7zctd3h94i87f7xc1v77gs5il4wjr15fgz4grjl0q1vh4avyk" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">4. 发简单通知（如日志提醒）</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1m0e32tsq31i69bph0z7zctd3h94i87f7xc1yh00pnmt2bcfr7ie3dynkru0mygqqg9p" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">随便选</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1m0e32tsq31i69bph0z7zctd3h94i87f7xc1ykfucbnd7neqoje9en9qj6yp0epoiyi0" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">无复杂需求，看你熟悉哪家</div>
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<h3 class="heading-h3">四、最后记：避坑 “要注意啥”（关键提醒）</h3>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1qvvjwv0tkgh3p9j5oul86bbdmzzkcdwtxc1yrqpeuhuqqp5v1czjiqkeulkoqwh1r5a" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">店类型</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1qvvjwv0tkgh3p9j5oul86bbdmzzkcdwtxc12wgagl5co9ywetl6w1jbdb4jza65snl8" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">对应 MQ</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1qvvjwv0tkgh3p9j5oul86bbdmzzkcdwtxc1v99j6iput6ca8s80hto063ust99abr9w" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">最容易踩的坑（一句话）</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1qvvjwv0tkgh3p9j5oul86bbdmzzkcdwtxc1bfd1c2jip2ugej62te6ap7l84znypwou" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">怎么躲坑？</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr17a8enok992buifh0a1p7nwam5c4zvop1xc1yrqpeuhuqqp5v1czjiqkeulkoqwh1r5a" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">快递分拣站</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr17a8enok992buifh0a1p7nwam5c4zvop1xc12wgagl5co9ywetl6w1jbdb4jza65snl8" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">Kafka</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr17a8enok992buifh0a1p7nwam5c4zvop1xc1v99j6iput6ca8s80hto063ust99abr9w" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">中途加通道（Partition）会暂停分货</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr17a8enok992buifh0a1p7nwam5c4zvop1xc1bfd1c2jip2ugej62te6ap7l84znypwou" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">提前规划好通道数，别临时加</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1w1ske999vugjy1d9p9ovvms6e3f58suaxc1yrqpeuhuqqp5v1czjiqkeulkoqwh1r5a" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">快递分拣站</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1w1ske999vugjy1d9p9ovvms6e3f58suaxc12wgagl5co9ywetl6w1jbdb4jza65snl8" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">Kafka</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1w1ske999vugjy1d9p9ovvms6e3f58suaxc1v99j6iput6ca8s80hto063ust99abr9w" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">分拣员全请假（ISR 只剩 1 个）会丢货</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1w1ske999vugjy1d9p9ovvms6e3f58suaxc1bfd1c2jip2ugej62te6ap7l84znypwou" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">保证至少 2 个分拣员在岗（监控 ISR）</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1fk75crywzd8f5yl1d4sj6ycw97eysqmhxc1yrqpeuhuqqp5v1czjiqkeulkoqwh1r5a" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">社区便利店</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1fk75crywzd8f5yl1d4sj6ycw97eysqmhxc12wgagl5co9ywetl6w1jbdb4jza65snl8" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">RocketMQ</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1fk75crywzd8f5yl1d4sj6ycw97eysqmhxc1v99j6iput6ca8s80hto063ust99abr9w" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">前台只雇 1 个（NameServer 单点）会没人指路</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr1fk75crywzd8f5yl1d4sj6ycw97eysqmhxc1bfd1c2jip2ugej62te6ap7l84znypwou" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">至少雇 3 个前台（部署 3 个 NameServer）</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr12ff4k7afol6n5gh9o49v2gr452qktqjlxc1yrqpeuhuqqp5v1czjiqkeulkoqwh1r5a" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">社区便利店</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr12ff4k7afol6n5gh9o49v2gr452qktqjlxc12wgagl5co9ywetl6w1jbdb4jza65snl8" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">RocketMQ</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr12ff4k7afol6n5gh9o49v2gr452qktqjlxc1v99j6iput6ca8s80hto063ust99abr9w" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">存东西不能改时间（延时消息改不了）</div>
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<div data-zone-id="xr12ff4k7afol6n5gh9o49v2gr452qktqjlxc1bfd1c2jip2ugej62te6ap7l84znypwou" data-line-index="0" data-line="true">存之前确认好时间，改时间就重新存</div>
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<h3 class="heading-h3">五、总结：3 秒记完 “选店口诀”</h3>
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<ul>
<li class="temp-li bullet1" data-line="true" data-list="bullet1">要 “多、快、简”（日志、埋点、大数据）→ 找快递分拣站（Kafka）；</li>
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<ul>
<li class="temp-li bullet1" data-line="true" data-list="bullet1">要 “全、灵、稳”（订单、留货、定时任务）→ 找社区便利店（RocketMQ）。</li>
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来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/huangwentian/p/19307624
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