Spring AI学习：工具调用实践（基于和风天气api）

聂文發表於 2026-1-23 20:51:00

Spring AI学习：工具调用实践（基于和风天气api）

<h2>工具调用总体实现：</h2>
<h3>设计工具类：</h3>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>@Component
public class WeatherInquiryTools {

@Autowired
private WeatherService weatherService;

@Tool(description = "根据城市名称查询城市LocationID")
public String getLocationId(@ToolParam(description = "城市名称") String cityName){
 return weatherService.getLocationId(cityName).getLocation().get(0).getId();
}

@Tool(description = "根据城市LocationID查询实时温度")
public String getWeather(@ToolParam(description = "城市LocationID") String locationId){
 return weatherService.getWeather(locationId).getNow().getTemp();
}
}</pre>
</div>
<h3>将工具交给ai客户端：</h3>
<img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/3291169/202601/3291169-20260123203112441-504854232.png">
<h3> 对话测试：</h3>
<img src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/blog/3291169/202601/3291169-20260123203215345-1510381793.png">
<h2> 具体实现：</h2>
<h3>实体类：</h3>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Data
public class WeatherResponse {
@JsonProperty("code")
private String code;

@JsonProperty("updateTime")
private String updateTime;

@JsonProperty("fxLink")
private String fxLink;

@JsonProperty("now")
private NowData now;

@JsonProperty("refer")
private Refer refer;
}</pre>
</div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class NowData {

// 观测时间
@JsonProperty("obsTime")
private String obsTime;

// 温度，单位：摄氏度
@JsonProperty("temp")
private String temp;

// 体感温度，单位：摄氏度
@JsonProperty("feelsLike")
private String feelsLike;

// 天气图标代码
@JsonProperty("icon")
private String icon;

// 天气描述
@JsonProperty("text")
private String text;

// 风向360角度
@JsonProperty("wind360")
private String wind360;

// 风向
@JsonProperty("windDir")
private String windDir;

// 风力等级
@JsonProperty("windScale")
private String windScale;

// 风速，单位：公里/小时
@JsonProperty("windSpeed")
private String windSpeed;

// 相对湿度，单位：%
@JsonProperty("humidity")
private String humidity;

// 降水量，单位：毫米
@JsonProperty("precip")
private String precip;

// 大气压强，单位：百帕
@JsonProperty("pressure")
private String pressure;

// 能见度，单位：公里
@JsonProperty("vis")
private String vis;

// 云量，单位：%
@JsonProperty("cloud")
private String cloud;

//露点温度，单位：摄氏度
@JsonProperty("dew")
private String dew;
}</pre>
</div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Data
public class LocationResponse {

@JsonProperty("code")
private String code;

@JsonProperty("location")
private List<Location> location;

@JsonProperty("refer")
private Refer refer;
}</pre>
</div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
public class Location {

@JsonProperty("name")
private String name;

@JsonProperty("id")
private String id;

@JsonProperty("lat")
private String lat;

@JsonProperty("lon")
private String lon;

@JsonProperty("adm2")
private String adm2;

@JsonProperty("adm1")
private String adm1;

@JsonProperty("country")
private String country;

@JsonProperty("tz")
private String timezone;

@JsonProperty("utcOffset")
private String utcOffset;

@JsonProperty("isDst")
private String isDst;

@JsonProperty("type")
private String type;

@JsonProperty("rank")
private String rank;

@JsonProperty("fxLink")
private String fxLink;
}</pre>
</div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Data
public class Refer {

@JsonProperty("sources")
private List<String> sources;

@JsonProperty("license")
private List<String> license;
}</pre>
</div>
以上实体类基于 和风天气api 设计。
<h3>配置类：</h3>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>@Component
@Data
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "frog.weather")
public class WeatherProperties {

private String apiKey;

private String apiHost;
} </pre>
</div>
以上配置类基于 和风天气api 设计。
<h3>序列化与反序列化工具类：</h3>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>@Component
public class JasonUtils {

private static final ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper()
 .configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false)
 .setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL)
 .registerModule(new JavaTimeModule());

public static String toJson(Object obj) {
 try {
 return mapper.writeValueAsString(obj);
 } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
 throw new RuntimeException("序列化失败", e);
 }
}

public static <T> T fromJson(String json, Class<T> clazz) {
 try {
 return mapper.readValue(json, clazz);
 } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
 throw new RuntimeException("反序列化失败", e);
 }
}
}</pre>
</div>
<h3>查询功能具体实现：</h3>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>@Service
@Slf4j
public class WeatherServiceImpl implements WeatherService {

@Autowired
private WeatherProperties weatherProperties;

/**
* 根据城市LocationID查询实时天气状况
*/
@Override
public WeatherResponse getWeather(String locationId) {
 HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient();
 String apiUrl = weatherProperties.getApiHost() + "/v7/weather/now?location=" + locationId;
 try {
 HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
 .uri(URI.create(apiUrl))
 .header("X-QW-Api-Key", weatherProperties.getApiKey())
 .GET()
 .build();
 HttpResponse<byte[]> response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofByteArray());
 byte[] compressedBody = response.body();
 // 解压缩响应体
 String decompressedBody = GzipDecompressor.decompressToString(compressedBody);
 log.info("查询天气成功, locationId: {}", locationId);
 WeatherResponse weatherResponse = JasonUtils.fromJson(decompressedBody, WeatherResponse.class);
 return weatherResponse;
 } catch (Exception e) {
 log.error("查询天气失败, locationId: {}", locationId, e);
 return null;
 }
}

/**
* 根据城市名称查询城市LocationID
*/
@Override
public LocationResponse getLocationId(String cityName) {
 HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient();
 String apiUrl = weatherProperties.getApiHost() + "/geo/v2/city/lookup?location=" + cityName;
 try {
 HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
 .uri(URI.create(apiUrl))
 .header("X-QW-Api-Key", weatherProperties.getApiKey())
 .GET()
 .build();
 HttpResponse<byte[]> response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofByteArray());
 byte[] compressedBody = response.body();
 // 解压缩响应体
 String decompressedBody = GzipDecompressor.decompressToString(compressedBody);
 log.info("查询城市LocationID成功, cityName: {}", cityName);
 LocationResponse locationResponse = JasonUtils.fromJson(decompressedBody, LocationResponse.class);
 return locationResponse;
 } catch (Exception e) {
 log.error("查询城市LocationID失败, cityName: {}", cityName, e);
 return null;
 }
}
}</pre>
</div>
目前实现的tool查询功能局限温度查询，但根据工具需求可拓展（service返回了所有查询所得，tool内对数据重新整理可以产生丰富功能）。 
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/syf0824/p/19523990

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Spring AI学习：工具调用实践（基于和风天气api）