Go语言交叉编译工具gox
<h2 id="基本介绍">基本介绍</h2><p>交叉编译是为了在不同平台编译出其他平台的程序，比如在Linux编译出Windows程序，在Windows能编译出Linux程序，32位系统下编译出64位程序，今天介绍的gox就是其中一款交叉编译工具。</p>
<h2 id="配置环境">配置环境</h2>
<p>首先配置好Go语言的环境变量，并在<code>~/.bash_profile</code>中设置，简单说明一下为什么要添加至该文件，首先以下代码在终端执行完成后只对当前会话有效，关闭终端变量就失效了，而<code>.bash_profile</code>文件在用户每次登录时都会执行一次，把环境变量设置到该文件中，每次登录都会初始化环境变量。当然，放在<code>~/.bashrc</code>中也是可以的，它不仅会在登录时执行，还会在每次打开终端时执行。</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">export GOPATH=${HOME}/go
export GOROOT=/usr/local/go
export GOBIN=${GOPATH}/bin
export PATH=${PATH}:${GOBIN}
</code></pre>
<p>GOROOT与GOPATH要根据自身情况设置，不要盲目跟从，设置完成后若要该文件立即生效，可以执行<code>source</code>命令。</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">source ~/.bash_profile
</code></pre>
<p>如果你的终端装了<code>zsh</code>，可能重新打开终端后依然会失效，那么可以在<code>~/.zshrc</code>文件的最后一行追加上<code>source</code>指令。</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">source ~/.bash_profile
</code></pre>
<h2 id="gox的安装">gox的安装</h2>
<p>在终端执行以下指令进行安装。</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">go get github.com/mitchellh/gox
</code></pre>
<p>安装结束后，执行<code>gox -h</code>，如果有展示帮助信息，代表安装成功。</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">➜~ gox -h
Usage: gox
Gox cross-compiles Go applications in parallel.
If no specific operating systems or architectures are specified, Gox
will build for all pairs supported by your version of Go.
......
</code></pre>
<h2 id="gox的使用">gox的使用</h2>
<p>按照惯例，我们先祭出<code>hello,world</code>的演示代码。</p>
<pre><code class="language-go">package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
fmt.Print("hello,world")
}
</code></pre>
<p>此时进入项目中的工作目录（$GOPATH/src/[你的项目名]），直接执行<code>gox</code>命令，会生成多达21个不同平台的可执行文件，横跨linux、windows、freebsd、darwin等系统。</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">➜hello gox
Number of parallel builds: 3
--> linux/amd64: hello
--> openbsd/amd64: hello
--> darwin/386: hello
--> linux/mipsle: hello
--> windows/386: hello
--> windows/amd64: hello
--> darwin/amd64: hello
--> linux/386: hello
--> linux/s390x: hello
--> netbsd/386: hello
--> linux/arm: hello
--> freebsd/386: hello
--> netbsd/amd64: hello
--> freebsd/arm: hello
--> freebsd/amd64: hello
--> openbsd/386: hello
--> linux/mips64: hello
--> linux/mips: hello
-->linux/mips64le: hello
--> netbsd/arm: hello
</code></pre>
<p>但我并不想一次生成所有平台的程序，这时就需要gox的参数进行指定，如下所示，<code>os</code>参数指定要生成的系统名称，<code>arch</code>指定CPU的架构。</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">gox -os "windows" -arch amd64
</code></pre>
<p>其实它所支持的并不止21款，这些只是默认生成的，下面是gox对各种系统的定义，感兴趣的同学可以自行了解。</p>
<pre><code class="language-go">Platforms_1_0 = []Platform{
{"darwin", "386", true},
{"darwin", "amd64", true},
{"linux", "386", true},
{"linux", "amd64", true},
{"linux", "arm", true},
{"freebsd", "386", true},
{"freebsd", "amd64", true},
{"openbsd", "386", true},
{"openbsd", "amd64", true},
{"windows", "386", true},
{"windows", "amd64", true},
}
Platforms_1_1 = append(Platforms_1_0, []Platform{
{"freebsd", "arm", true},
{"netbsd", "386", true},
{"netbsd", "amd64", true},
{"netbsd", "arm", true},
{"plan9", "386", false},
}...)
Platforms_1_3 = append(Platforms_1_1, []Platform{
{"dragonfly", "386", false},
{"dragonfly", "amd64", false},
{"nacl", "amd64", false},
{"nacl", "amd64p32", false},
{"nacl", "arm", false},
{"solaris", "amd64", false},
}...)
Platforms_1_4 = append(Platforms_1_3, []Platform{
{"android", "arm", false},
{"plan9", "amd64", false},
}...)
Platforms_1_5 = append(Platforms_1_4, []Platform{
{"darwin", "arm", false},
{"darwin", "arm64", false},
{"linux", "arm64", false},
{"linux", "ppc64", false},
{"linux", "ppc64le", false},
}...)
Platforms_1_6 = append(Platforms_1_5, []Platform{
{"android", "386", false},
{"linux", "mips64", false},
{"linux", "mips64le", false},
}...)
Platforms_1_7 = append(Platforms_1_5, []Platform{
// While not fully supported s390x is generally useful
{"linux", "s390x", true},
{"plan9", "arm", false},
// Add the 1.6 Platforms, but reflect full support for mips64 and mips64le
{"android", "386", false},
{"linux", "mips64", true},
{"linux", "mips64le", true},
}...)
Platforms_1_8 = append(Platforms_1_7, []Platform{
{"linux", "mips", true},
{"linux", "mipsle", true},
}...)
</code></pre>
<p>除了刚才的命令外还有另一种生成方式，用斜杠的方式将系统与架构合并批量生成。</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">gox -osarch "windows/amd64 linux/amd64"
</code></pre>
<p>赶紧把你生成的程序发给小伙伴执行试试吧，以上就是本文全部内容，感谢阅读。</p>
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来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/pingyeaa/p/11020201.html
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