Go gRPC进阶-go-grpc-middleware使用(八)
<h3 id="前言">前言</h3><p>上篇介绍了gRPC中TLS认证和自定义方法认证,最后还简单介绍了gRPC拦截器的使用。gRPC自身只能设置一个拦截器,所有逻辑都写一起会比较乱。本篇简单介绍go-grpc-middleware的使用,包括<code>grpc_zap</code>、<code>grpc_auth</code>和<code>grpc_recovery</code>。</p>
<h3 id="go-grpc-middleware简介">go-grpc-middleware简介</h3>
<p>go-grpc-middleware封装了认证(auth), 日志( logging), 消息(message), 验证(validation), 重试(retries) 和监控(retries)等拦截器。</p>
<ul>
<li>安装 <code>go get github.com/grpc-ecosystem/go-grpc-middleware</code></li>
<li>使用</li>
</ul>
<pre><code class="language-go">import "github.com/grpc-ecosystem/go-grpc-middleware"
myServer := grpc.NewServer(
grpc.StreamInterceptor(grpc_middleware.ChainStreamServer(
grpc_ctxtags.StreamServerInterceptor(),
grpc_opentracing.StreamServerInterceptor(),
grpc_prometheus.StreamServerInterceptor,
grpc_zap.StreamServerInterceptor(zapLogger),
grpc_auth.StreamServerInterceptor(myAuthFunction),
grpc_recovery.StreamServerInterceptor(),
)),
grpc.UnaryInterceptor(grpc_middleware.ChainUnaryServer(
grpc_ctxtags.UnaryServerInterceptor(),
grpc_opentracing.UnaryServerInterceptor(),
grpc_prometheus.UnaryServerInterceptor,
grpc_zap.UnaryServerInterceptor(zapLogger),
grpc_auth.UnaryServerInterceptor(myAuthFunction),
grpc_recovery.UnaryServerInterceptor(),
)),
)
</code></pre>
<p><code>grpc.StreamInterceptor</code>中添加流式RPC的拦截器。<br>
<code>grpc.UnaryInterceptor</code>中添加简单RPC的拦截器。</p>
<h3 id="grpc_zap日志记录">grpc_zap日志记录</h3>
<p>1.创建zap.Logger实例</p>
<pre><code class="language-go">func ZapInterceptor() *zap.Logger {
logger, err := zap.NewDevelopment()
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("failed to initialize zap logger: %v", err)
}
grpc_zap.ReplaceGrpcLogger(logger)
return logger
}
</code></pre>
<p>2.把zap拦截器添加到服务端</p>
<pre><code class="language-go">grpcServer := grpc.NewServer(
grpc.StreamInterceptor(grpc_middleware.ChainStreamServer(
grpc_zap.StreamServerInterceptor(zap.ZapInterceptor()),
)),
grpc.UnaryInterceptor(grpc_middleware.ChainUnaryServer(
grpc_zap.UnaryServerInterceptor(zap.ZapInterceptor()),
)),
)
</code></pre>
<p>3.日志分析</p>
<p><img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1508611/202004/1508611-20200421150239484-1399156155.png" alt="" loading="lazy"><br>
各个字段代表的意思如下:</p>
<pre><code class="language-json">{
"level": "info", // stringzap log levels
"msg": "finished unary call", // stringlog message
"grpc.code": "OK", // stringgrpc status code
"grpc.method": "Ping", / stringmethod name
"grpc.service": "mwitkow.testproto.TestService", // stringfull name of the called service
"grpc.start_time": "2006-01-02T15:04:05Z07:00", // stringRFC3339 representation of the start time
"grpc.request.deadline": "2006-01-02T15:04:05Z07:00", // stringRFC3339 deadline of the current request if supplied
"grpc.request.value": "something", // stringvalue on the request
"grpc.time_ms": 1.345, // float32 run time of the call in ms
"peer.address": {
"IP": "127.0.0.1", // stringIP address of calling party
"Port": 60216, // int port call is coming in on
"Zone": "" // stringpeer zone for caller
},
"span.kind": "server", // stringclient | server
"system": "grpc", // string
"custom_field": "custom_value", // stringuser defined field
"custom_tags.int": 1337, // int user defined tag on the ctx
"custom_tags.string": "something" // stringuser defined tag on the ctx
}
</code></pre>
<p>4.把日志写到文件中</p>
<p>上面日志是在控制台输出的,现在我们把日志写到文件中,修改<code>ZapInterceptor</code>方法。</p>
<pre><code class="language-go">import (
grpc_zap "github.com/grpc-ecosystem/go-grpc-middleware/logging/zap"
"go.uber.org/zap"
"go.uber.org/zap/zapcore"
"gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2"
)
// ZapInterceptor 返回zap.logger实例(把日志写到文件中)
func ZapInterceptor() *zap.Logger {
w := zapcore.AddSync(&lumberjack.Logger{
Filename:"log/debug.log",
MaxSize: 1024, //MB
LocalTime: true,
})
config := zap.NewProductionEncoderConfig()
config.EncodeTime = zapcore.ISO8601TimeEncoder
core := zapcore.NewCore(
zapcore.NewJSONEncoder(config),
w,
zap.NewAtomicLevel(),
)
logger := zap.New(core, zap.AddCaller(), zap.AddCallerSkip(1))
grpc_zap.ReplaceGrpcLogger(logger)
return logger
}
</code></pre>
<h3 id="grpc_auth认证">grpc_auth认证</h3>
<p>go-grpc-middleware中的grpc_auth默认使用<code>authorization</code>认证方式,以authorization为头部,包括<code>basic</code>, <code>bearer</code>形式等。下面介绍<code>bearer token</code>认证。<code>bearer</code>允许使用<code>access key</code>(如JSON Web Token (JWT))进行访问。</p>
<p>1.新建grpc_auth服务端拦截器</p>
<pre><code class="language-go">// TokenInfo 用户信息
type TokenInfo struct {
ID string
Roles []string
}
// AuthInterceptor 认证拦截器,对以authorization为头部,形式为`bearer token`的Token进行验证
func AuthInterceptor(ctx context.Context) (context.Context, error) {
token, err := grpc_auth.AuthFromMD(ctx, "bearer")
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
tokenInfo, err := parseToken(token)
if err != nil {
return nil, grpc.Errorf(codes.Unauthenticated, " %v", err)
}
//使用context.WithValue添加了值后,可以用Value(key)方法获取值
newCtx := context.WithValue(ctx, tokenInfo.ID, tokenInfo)
//log.Println(newCtx.Value(tokenInfo.ID))
return newCtx, nil
}
//解析token,并进行验证
func parseToken(token string) (TokenInfo, error) {
var tokenInfo TokenInfo
if token == "grpc.auth.token" {
tokenInfo.ID = "1"
tokenInfo.Roles = []string{"admin"}
return tokenInfo, nil
}
return tokenInfo, errors.New("Token无效: bearer " + token)
}
//从token中获取用户唯一标识
func userClaimFromToken(tokenInfo TokenInfo) string {
return tokenInfo.ID
}
</code></pre>
<p>代码中的对token进行简单验证并返回模拟数据。</p>
<p>2.客户端请求添加<code>bearer token</code></p>
<p>实现和上篇的自定义认证方法大同小异。gRPC 中默认定义了 <code>PerRPCCredentials</code>,是提供用于自定义认证的接口,它的作用是将所需的安全认证信息添加到每个RPC方法的上下文中。其包含 2 个方法:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>GetRequestMetadata</code>:获取当前请求认证所需的元数据</li>
<li><code>RequireTransportSecurity</code>:是否需要基于 TLS 认证进行安全传输</li>
</ul>
<p>接下来我们实现这两个方法</p>
<pre><code class="language-go">// Token token认证
type Token struct {
Value string
}
const headerAuthorize string = "authorization"
// GetRequestMetadata 获取当前请求认证所需的元数据
func (t *Token) GetRequestMetadata(ctx context.Context, uri ...string) (mapstring, error) {
return mapstring{headerAuthorize: t.Value}, nil
}
// RequireTransportSecurity 是否需要基于 TLS 认证进行安全传输
func (t *Token) RequireTransportSecurity() bool {
return true
}
</code></pre>
<blockquote>
<p>注意:这里要以<code>authorization</code>为头部,和服务端对应。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>发送请求时添加token</p>
<pre><code class="language-go">//从输入的证书文件中为客户端构造TLS凭证
creds, err := credentials.NewClientTLSFromFile("../tls/server.pem", "go-grpc-example")
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Failed to create TLS credentials %v", err)
}
//构建Token
token := auth.Token{
Value: "bearer grpc.auth.token",
}
// 连接服务器
conn, err := grpc.Dial(Address, grpc.WithTransportCredentials(creds), grpc.WithPerRPCCredentials(&token))
</code></pre>
<blockquote>
<p>注意:Token中的Value的形式要以<code>bearer token值</code>形式。因为我们服务端使用了<code>bearer token</code>验证方式。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>3.把grpc_auth拦截器添加到服务端</p>
<pre><code class="language-go">grpcServer := grpc.NewServer(cred.TLSInterceptor(),
grpc.StreamInterceptor(grpc_middleware.ChainStreamServer(
grpc_auth.StreamServerInterceptor(auth.AuthInterceptor),
grpc_zap.StreamServerInterceptor(zap.ZapInterceptor()),
)),
grpc.UnaryInterceptor(grpc_middleware.ChainUnaryServer(
grpc_auth.UnaryServerInterceptor(auth.AuthInterceptor),
grpc_zap.UnaryServerInterceptor(zap.ZapInterceptor()),
)),
)
</code></pre>
<p>写到这里,服务端都会拦截请求并进行<code>bearer token</code>验证,使用<code>bearer token</code>是规范了与<code>HTTP</code>请求的对接,毕竟gRPC也可以同时支持<code>HTTP</code>请求。</p>
<h3 id="grpc_recovery恢复">grpc_recovery恢复</h3>
<p>把gRPC中的<code>panic</code>转成<code>error</code>,从而恢复程序。</p>
<p>1.直接把grpc_recovery拦截器添加到服务端</p>
<p>最简单使用方式</p>
<pre><code class="language-go">grpcServer := grpc.NewServer(cred.TLSInterceptor(),
grpc.StreamInterceptor(grpc_middleware.ChainStreamServer(
grpc_auth.StreamServerInterceptor(auth.AuthInterceptor),
grpc_zap.StreamServerInterceptor(zap.ZapInterceptor()),
grpc_recovery.StreamServerInterceptor,
)),
grpc.UnaryInterceptor(grpc_middleware.ChainUnaryServer(
grpc_auth.UnaryServerInterceptor(auth.AuthInterceptor),
grpc_zap.UnaryServerInterceptor(zap.ZapInterceptor()),
grpc_recovery.UnaryServerInterceptor(),
)),
)
</code></pre>
<p>2.自定义错误返回</p>
<p>当<code>panic</code>时候,自定义错误码并返回。</p>
<pre><code class="language-go">// RecoveryInterceptor panic时返回Unknown错误吗
func RecoveryInterceptor() grpc_recovery.Option {
return grpc_recovery.WithRecoveryHandler(func(p interface{}) (err error) {
return grpc.Errorf(codes.Unknown, "panic triggered: %v", p)
})
}
</code></pre>
<p>添加grpc_recovery拦截器到服务端</p>
<pre><code class="language-go">grpcServer := grpc.NewServer(cred.TLSInterceptor(),
grpc.StreamInterceptor(grpc_middleware.ChainStreamServer(
grpc_auth.StreamServerInterceptor(auth.AuthInterceptor),
grpc_zap.StreamServerInterceptor(zap.ZapInterceptor()),
grpc_recovery.StreamServerInterceptor(recovery.RecoveryInterceptor()),
)),
grpc.UnaryInterceptor(grpc_middleware.ChainUnaryServer(
grpc_auth.UnaryServerInterceptor(auth.AuthInterceptor),
grpc_zap.UnaryServerInterceptor(zap.ZapInterceptor()),
grpc_recovery.UnaryServerInterceptor(recovery.RecoveryInterceptor()),
)),
)
</code></pre>
<h3 id="总结">总结</h3>
<p>本篇介绍了<code>go-grpc-middleware</code>中的<code>grpc_zap</code>、<code>grpc_auth</code>和<code>grpc_recovery</code>拦截器的使用。<code>go-grpc-middleware</code>中其他拦截器可参考GitHub学习使用。</p>
<p>教程源码地址:https://github.com/Bingjian-Zhu/go-grpc-example</p>
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来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/FireworksEasyCool/p/12750339.html
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