php Swoole实现毫秒级定时任务

毅生發表於 2019-11-21 14:47:00

项目开发中，如果有定时任务的业务要求，我们会使用linux的crontab来解决，但是它的最小粒度是分钟级别，如果要求粒度是秒级别的，甚至毫秒级别的，crontab就无法满足，值得庆幸的是swoole提供的强大的毫秒定时器。 应用场景举例 我们可能会遇到这样的场景：
<ul>
<li>场景一：每隔30秒获取一次本机内存使用率</li>
<li>场景二：2分钟后执行报表发送任务</li>
<li>场景三：每天凌晨2点钟定时请求第三方接口，如果接口有数据返回则停止任务，如果接口由于某种原因没有响应或者没有数据返回则5分钟后继续尝试请求该接口，尝试5次后仍然失败则停止该任务</li>

</ul>
以上的三个场景我们都可以归纳为定时任务的范畴。 Swoole毫秒定时器 Swoole提供了异步毫秒定时器函数：
<code>swoole_timer_tick(int $msec, callable $callback)</code>：设置一个间隔时钟定时器，每隔$msec毫秒执行一次$callback，类似于javascript中的<code>setInterval()</code>。
<code>swoole_timer_after(int $after_time_ms, mixed $callback_function)</code>：在指定的时间$after_time_ms后执行$callback_function，类似于javascript的<code>setTimeout()</code>。
<code>swoole_timer_clear(int $timer_id)</code>：删除指定id的定时器，类似于javascript的<code>clearInterval()</code>。
<h3>解决方案</h3>
对于场景一，经常用在系统检测统计方面，实时性要求比较高，但又能控制好频率，多用于后台服务器性能监控，可以生成可视化图表。可以是30秒获取一次内存使用率，也可以是10秒，而crontab最小粒度只能设置为1分钟。
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<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>1 swoole_timer_tick(30000, function($timer) use ($task_id) { // 启用定时器，每30秒执行一次
2 $memPercent = $this->getMemoryUsage(); //计算内存使用率
3 echo date('Y-m-d H:i:s') . '当前内存使用率：'.$memPercent."\n";
4 });</pre>
</div>
 
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对于场景二，直接定义xx时间后执行某项任务的话，貌似crontab比较困难，而使用swoole的<code>swoole_timer_after</code>可以实现：
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<pre>1 swoole_timer_after(120000, function() use ($str) { //2分钟后执行
2 $this->sendReport(); //发送报表
3 echo "send report, $str\n";
4 });</pre>
</div>
 
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对于场景三，用来作尝试请求，请求失败后继续，如果成功则停止请求。用crontab也能解决，但是比较傻，比如设置每隔5分钟请求一次，不管成功会失败都会去执行一次。而用swoole定时器则智能多了。
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<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre> 1 swoole_timer_tick(5*60*1000, function($timer) use ($url) { // 启用定时器，每5分钟执行一次
 2 $rs = $this->postUrl($url);
 3
 4 if ($rs) {
 5 //业务代码...
 6 swoole_timer_clear($timer); // 停止定时器
 7 echo date('Y-m-d H:i:s'). "请求接口任务执行成功\n";
 8 } else {
 9 echo date('Y-m-d H:i:s'). "请求接口失败，5分钟后再次尝试\n";
10 }
11 });</pre>
</div>
 
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<h3>示例代码</h3>
新建文件\src\App\Task.php：
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<pre>1 <?php
2 namespace Helloweba\Swoole;
3
4 use swoole_server;
5
6 /**
7 * 任务调度
8 */
9 class Task
 10 {
 11 protected $serv;
 12 protected $host = '127.0.0.1';
 13 protected $port = 9506;
 14 // 进程名称
 15 protected $taskName = 'swooleTask';
 16 // PID路径
 17 protected $pidPath = '/run/swooletask.pid';
 18 // 设置运行时参数
 19 protected $options = [
 20 'worker_num' => 4, //worker进程数,一般设置为CPU数的1-4倍
 21 'daemonize' => true, //启用守护进程
 22 'log_file' => '/data/log/swoole-task.log', //指定swoole错误日志文件
 23 'log_level' => 0, //日志级别范围是0-5，0-DEBUG，1-TRACE，2-INFO，3-NOTICE，4-WARNING，5-ERROR
 24 'dispatch_mode' => 1, //数据包分发策略,1-轮询模式
 25 'task_worker_num' => 4, //task进程的数量
 26 'task_ipc_mode' => 3, //使用消息队列通信，并设置为争抢模式
 27 ];
 28
 29 public function __construct($options = [])
 30 {
 31 date_default_timezone_set('PRC');
 32 // 构建Server对象，监听127.0.0.1:9506端口
 33 $this->serv = new swoole_server($this->host, $this->port);
 34
 35 if (!empty($options)) {
 36 $this->options = array_merge($this->options, $options);
 37 }
 38 $this->serv->set($this->options);
 39
 40 // 注册事件
 41 $this->serv->on('Start', [$this, 'onStart']);
 42 $this->serv->on('Connect', [$this, 'onConnect']);
 43 $this->serv->on('Receive', [$this, 'onReceive']);
 44 $this->serv->on('Task', [$this, 'onTask']);
 45 $this->serv->on('Finish', [$this, 'onFinish']);
 46 $this->serv->on('Close', [$this, 'onClose']);
 47 }
 48
 49 public function start()
 50 {
 51 // Run worker
 52 $this->serv->start();
 53 }
 54
 55 public function onStart($serv)
 56 {
 57 // 设置进程名
 58 cli_set_process_title($this->taskName);
 59 //记录进程id,脚本实现自动重启
 60 $pid = "{$serv->master_pid}\n{$serv->manager_pid}";
 61 file_put_contents($this->pidPath, $pid);
 62 }
 63
 64 //监听连接进入事件
 65 public function onConnect($serv, $fd, $from_id)
 66 {
 67 $serv->send( $fd, "Hello {$fd}!" );
 68 }
 69
 70 // 监听数据接收事件
 71 public function onReceive(swoole_server $serv, $fd, $from_id, $data)
 72 {
 73 echo "Get Message From Client {$fd}:{$data}\n";
 74 //$this->writeLog('接收客户端参数：'.$fd .'-'.$data);
 75 $res['result'] = 'success';
 76 $serv->send($fd, json_encode($res)); // 同步返回消息给客户端
 77 $serv->task($data);// 执行异步任务
 78 }
 79
 80 /**
 81 * @param $serv swoole_server swoole_server对象
 82 * @param $task_id int 任务id
 83 * @param $from_id int 投递任务的worker_id
 84 * @param $data string 投递的数据
 85 */
 86 public function onTask(swoole_server $serv, $task_id, $from_id, $data)
 87 {
 88 swoole_timer_tick(30000, function($timer) use ($task_id) { // 启用定时器，每30秒执行一次
 89 $memPercent = $this->getMemoryUsage();
 90 echo date('Y-m-d H:i:s') . '当前内存使用率：'.$memPercent."\n";
 91 });
 92 }
 93
 94
 95 /**
 96 * @param $serv swoole_server swoole_server对象
 97 * @param $task_id int 任务id
 98 * @param $data string 任务返回的数据
 99 */
100 public function onFinish(swoole_server $serv, $task_id, $data)
101 {
102 //
103 }
104
105
106 // 监听连接关闭事件
107 public function onClose($serv, $fd, $from_id) {
108 echo "Client {$fd} close connection\n";
109 }
110
111 public function stop()
112 {
113 $this->serv->stop();
114 }
115
116 private function getMemoryUsage()
117 {
118 // MEMORY
119 if (false === ($str = @file("/proc/meminfo"))) return false;
120 $str = implode("", $str);
121 preg_match_all("/MemTotal\s{0,}\:+\s{0,}([\d\.]+).+?MemFree\s{0,}\:+\s{0,}([\d\.]+).+?Cached\s{0,}\:+\s{0,}([\d\.]+).+?SwapTotal\s{0,}\:+\s{0,}([\d\.]+).+?SwapFree\s{0,}\:+\s{0,}([\d\.]+)/s", $str, $buf);
122 //preg_match_all("/Buffers\s{0,}\:+\s{0,}([\d\.]+)/s", $str, $buffers);
123
124 $memTotal = round($buf/1024, 2);
125 $memFree = round($buf/1024, 2);
126 $memUsed = $memTotal - $memFree;
127 $memPercent = (floatval($memTotal)!=0) ? round($memUsed/$memTotal*100,2):0;
128
129 return $memPercent;
130 }
131 }</pre>
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我们以场景一为例，在<code>onTask</code>启用定时任务，每隔30秒计算一次内存使用率。实际应用中可以把计算好的内存按时间写入数据库等存储中，然后可以根据前端需求用来渲染成统计图表，如：
<span class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_image cke_image_nocaption cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="图像" data-cke-widget-id="5"><img class="has cke_widget_element lazyload" alt="" width="655" height="400" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191121143100626.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzgxNDQ1OA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;hasCaption&quot;:false,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191121143100626.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzgxNDQ1OA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;655&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:&quot;400&quot;,&quot;lock&quot;:true,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="image" data-src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191121143100626.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzgxNDQ1OA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==">
 
接着服务端代码 public\taskServer.php ：
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<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre><?php
require dirname(__DIR__) . '/vendor/autoload.php';

use Helloweba\Swoole\Task;

$opt = [
'daemonize' => false
];
$ser = new Task($opt);
$ser->start();</pre>
</div>
 
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客户端代码 public\taskClient.php :
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<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre><?php
class Client
{
private $client;

public function __construct() {
 $this->client = new swoole_client(SWOOLE_SOCK_TCP);
}

public function connect() {
 if( !$this->client->connect("127.0.0.1", 9506 , 1) ) {
 echo "Error: {$this->client->errMsg}[{$this->client->errCode}]\n";
 }
 fwrite(STDOUT, "请输入消息 Please input msg：");
 $msg = trim(fgets(STDIN));
 $this->client->send( $msg );
 $message = $this->client->recv();
 echo "Get Message From Server:{$message}\n";
}
}

$client = new Client();
$client->connect();</pre>
</div>
 
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<h3>验证效果</h3>
1.启动服务端：
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<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>php taskServer.php</pre>
</div>
 
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2.客户端输入：
另开命令行窗口，执行
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<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre># php taskClient.php 
请输入消息 Please input msg：hello
Get Message From Server:{"result":"success"}
# </pre>
</div>
 
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3.服务端返回：
<span class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_image cke_image_nocaption cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="图像" data-cke-widget-id="0"><img class="has cke_widget_element lazyload" alt="" width="631" height="217" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191121143724919.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzgxNDQ1OA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;hasCaption&quot;:false,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191121143724919.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzgxNDQ1OA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;631&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:&quot;217&quot;,&quot;lock&quot;:true,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="image" data-src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191121143724919.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzgxNDQ1OA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==">
如果返回上图中的结果，则定时任务正常运行，我们会发现每隔30秒会输出一条信息。
 
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来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/a609251438/p/11905592.html

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php Swoole实现毫秒级定时任务