安装Kubernetes V1.16.2
<h1 id="安装kubernetes-v1162">安装Kubernetes V1.16.2</h1><h2 id="准备硬件环境">准备硬件环境</h2>
<p>利用VirtualBox准备两台Linux虚拟机（K8S集群2台起步），系统用CentOS（我用的是的CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1810），虚拟机配置是2颗CPU和2G内存（K8S最低要求的配置），网络使用桥接网卡方式并使用静态IP：</p>
<ul>
<li>192.168.0.4 K8S集群-Master（CentOS-1）</li>
<li>192.168.0.7 K8S集群-Node1（CentOS-2）</li>
</ul>
<p>将虚拟机系统安装好，配置好网络设置。<br>
<img src="http://static.bluersw.com/images/Kubernetes/Kubernetes-Install-01.png"></p>
<h2 id="安装kubernetes两台都要操作">安装Kubernetes(两台都要操作)</h2>
<h3 id="安装前准备两台都要操作">安装前准备(两台都要操作)</h3>
<p>在两台虚拟机上都进行以下操作：<br>
关闭防火墙：</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">systemctl disable firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld
</code></pre>
<p>修改服务器名称：</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">//将192.168.0.4的服务器名称修改为master
hostnamectl set-hostname master
//将192.168.0.7的服务器名称修改为node1
hostnamectl set-hostname node1
</code></pre>
<p>进行时间校时(用aliyun的NTP服务器)：</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">yum install -y ntp
ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com
</code></pre>
<h3 id="安装软件两台都要安装">安装软件(两台都要安装)</h3>
<p>安装常用软件:</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">yum update
yum install wget
yum install -y yum-utils \
device-mapper-persistent-data \
lvm2
</code></pre>
<p>安装Docker：</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
yum-config-manager \
--add-repo \
https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum -y install docker-ce
</code></pre>
<p>安装kubelet kubeadm kubectl (需要VPN)：</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://packages.cloud.google.com/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://packages.cloud.google.com/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://packages.cloud.google.com/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
exclude=kube*
EOF
yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl --disableexcludes=kubernetes
</code></pre>
<h3 id="安装后设置两台都要安装">安装后设置(两台都要安装)</h3>
<p>关闭SELINUX：</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">setenforce 0
sed -i 's/^SELINUX=enforcing$/SELINUX=permissive/' /etc/selinux/config
</code></pre>
<p>设置iptables：</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">cd /etc/sysctl.d/
cat <<EOF >/etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system
</code></pre>
<p>启动Docker：</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">systemctl start docker
#开机启动Docker
systemctl enable docker
</code></pre>
<p>关闭SWAP:</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">vi /etc/fstab
注释swap分区
# /dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
#保存退出vi后执行
swapoff -a
</code></pre>
<p>启动kubelet：</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">#开机启动kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet
</code></pre>
<h2 id="下载master节点需要的镜像在master上执行">下载Master节点需要的镜像（在Master上执行）</h2>
<p>因为k8s.gcr.io访问不了，手动下载docker镜像，Master需要下载的镜像如下：</p>
<ul>
<li>k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.16.2</li>
<li>k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.16.2</li>
<li>k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.16.2</li>
<li>k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.16.2</li>
<li>k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1</li>
<li>k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.3.15-0</li>
<li>k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.2</li>
<li>quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64</li>
</ul>
<pre><code class="language-shell">docker pull bluersw/kube-apiserver:v1.16.2 #替代docker pull k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.16.2
docker tag bluersw/kube-apiserver:v1.16.2 k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.16.2
docker pull bluersw/kube-controller-manager:v1.16.2 #替代docker pull k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.16.2
docker tag bluersw/kube-controller-manager:v1.16.2 k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.16.2
docker pull bluersw/kube-scheduler:v1.16.2 #替代docker pull k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.16.2
docker tag bluersw/kube-scheduler:v1.16.2 k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.16.2
docker pull bluersw/kube-proxy:v1.16.2 #替代docker pull k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.16.2
docker tag bluersw/kube-proxy:v1.16.2 k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.16.2
docker pull bluersw/pause:3.1 #替代docker pull k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1
docker tag bluersw/pause:3.1 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1
docker pull bluersw/etcd:3.3.15-0 #替代docker pull k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.3.15-0
docker tag bluersw/etcd:3.3.15-0 k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.3.15-0
docker pull bluersw/coredns:1.6.2 #替代docker pull k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.2
docker tag bluersw/coredns:1.6.2 k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.2
docker pull bluersw/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64 #替代 docker pull quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64
docker tag bluersw/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64 quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64
</code></pre>
<h2 id="master节点初始化在master上执行">Master节点初始化（在Master上执行）</h2>
<p>执行kubeadm init初始化命令：</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">kubeadm init--kubernetes-version=v1.16.2 --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.0.4 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>--kubernetes-version=v1.16.2 ： 加上该参数后启动相关镜像（刚才下载的那一堆）</li>
<li>--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 ：（Pod 中间网络通讯我们用flannel，flannel要求是10.244.0.0/16，这个IP段就是Pod的IP段）</li>
<li>--service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 ： Service（服务）网段（和微服务架构有关）</li>
</ul>
<p>在初始化结果输出里找到类似下面这段信息：</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">kubeadm join 192.168.0.4:6443 --token 4tylf5.av0mhvxmg7gorwfz \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e67d5f759dd248a81b2e79cd8f9250b44c41d4102ef433d0f0e26268b90a10e8
</code></pre>
<p>后面Node1节点加入集群会用到。</p>
<p>初始化成功后执行：</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">#把密钥配置加载到自己的环境变量里
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
#每次启动自动加载$HOME/.kube/config下的密钥配置文件（K8S自动行为）
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
</code></pre>
<h2 id="下载node1节点需要的镜像在node1上执行">下载Node1节点需要的镜像（在Node1上执行）</h2>
<p>因为k8s.gcr.io访问不了，手动下载docker镜像，Node1需要下载的镜像如下：</p>
<ul>
<li>k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1</li>
<li>k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.16.2</li>
<li>quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64</li>
</ul>
<pre><code class="language-shell">docker pull bluersw/kube-proxy:v1.16.2 #替代docker pull k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.16.2
docker tag bluersw/kube-proxy:v1.16.2 k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.16.2
docker pull bluersw/pause:3.1 #替代docker pull k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1
docker tag bluersw/pause:3.1 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1
docker pull bluersw/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64 #替代 docker pull quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64
docker tag bluersw/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64 quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64
</code></pre>
<h2 id="node1服务器加入集群网络在node1上执行">Node1服务器加入集群网络（在Node1上执行）</h2>
<p>加入集群网络：</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">kubeadm join 192.168.0.4:6443 --token 4tylf5.av0mhvxmg7gorwfz \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e67d5f759dd248a81b2e79cd8f9250b44c41d4102ef433d0f0e26268b90a10e8
</code></pre>
<h2 id="在master上安装flannel在master上执行">在Master上安装flannel（在Master上执行）</h2>
<p>参照官网执行：</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
</code></pre>
<h2 id="检查">检查</h2>
<p>完成后观察Master上运行的pod,执行kubectl get -A pods -o wide：<br>
<img src="http://static.bluersw.com/images/Kubernetes/Kubernetes-Install-02-2.png"><br>
执行kubectl get nodes查看节点：<br>
<img src="http://static.bluersw.com/images/Kubernetes/Kubernetes-Install-04.png"><br>
查看各个服务器上的镜像文件：<br>
<img src="http://static.bluersw.com/images/Kubernetes/Kubernetes-Install-05.png"></p>
<h2 id="源码">源码</h2>
<p>Github仓库:https://github.com/sunweisheng/Kubernetes</p>
</div>
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来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/bluersw/p/11713468.html
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