御姐走天涯 發表於 2019-6-19 18:10:00

Kubernetes之yaml文件详解(汇总-详细)

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<h2>一、YAML基础</h2>
<p>YAML是专门用来写配置文件的语言,非常简洁和强大,使用比json更方便。它实质上是一种通用的数据串行化格式。</p>
<p>YAML语法规则:</p>
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<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">大小写敏感
使用缩进表示层级关系
缩进时不允许使用Tal键,只允许使用空格
缩进的空格数目不重要,只要相同层级的元素左侧对齐即可
”#” 表示注释,从这个字符一直到行尾,都会被解析器忽略  
在Kubernetes中,只需要知道两种结构类型即可:

Lists
Maps</span></pre>
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<h3>1.1 YAML Maps</h3>
<p>&nbsp;Map顾名思义指的是字典,即一个Key:Value 的键值对信息。例如:</p>
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<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
  注:</span>---为可选的分隔符 ,当需要在一个文件中定义多个结构的时候需要使用。上述内容表示有两个键apiVersion和kind,分别对应的值为v1和Pod。</pre>
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<p>Maps的value既能够对应字符串也能够对应一个Maps。例如:</p>
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<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: kube100</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">site
labels:
    app: web</span></pre>
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<p>注:上述的YAML文件中,metadata这个KEY对应的值为一个Maps,而嵌套的labels这个KEY的值又是一个Map。实际使用中可视情况进行多层嵌套。</p>
<p>YAML处理器根据行缩进来知道内容之间的关联。上述例子中,使用两个空格作为缩进,但空格的数据量并不重要,只是至少要求一个空格并且所有缩进保持一致的空格数 。例如,name和labels是相同缩进级别,因此YAML处理器知道他们属于同一map;它知道app是lables的值因为app的缩进更大。</p>
<p>注意:在YAML文件中绝对不要使用tab键</p>
<h3>1.2 YAML Lists</h3>
<p>List即列表,说白了就是数组,例如:</p>
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<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">args:
</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">beijing
</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">shanghai
</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">shenzhen
</span>-guangzhou</pre>
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<p>可以指定任何数量的项在列表中,每个项的定义以破折号(-)开头,并且与父元素之间存在缩进。在JSON格式中,表示如下:</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">{
</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">args</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span>: [<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">beijing</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span>, <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">shanghai</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span>, <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">shenzhen</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span>, <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">guangzhou</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">]
}</span></pre>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>当然Lists的子项也可以是Maps,Maps的子项也可以是List,例如:</p>
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<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: kube100</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">site
labels:
    app: web
spec:
containers:
    </span>- name: front-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">end
      image: nginx
      ports:
      </span>- containerPort: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">80</span>
    - name: flaskapp-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">demo
      image: jcdemo</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">flaskapp
      ports: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">8080</span></pre>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;如上述文件所示,定义一个containers的List对象,每个子项都由name、image、ports组成,每个ports都有一个KEY为containerPort的Map组成,转成JSON格式文件:</p>
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<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">{
</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">apiVersion</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span>: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">v1</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">,
</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">kind</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span>: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">Pod</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">,
</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">metadata</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">: {
      </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">name</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span>: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">kube100-site</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">,
      </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">labels</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">: {
            </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">app</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span>: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">web</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
      },

},
</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">spec</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">: {
      </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">containers</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">: [{
            </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">name</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span>: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">front-end</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">,
            </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">image</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span>: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">nginx</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">,
            </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">ports</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">: [{
                </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">containerPort</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span>: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">80</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
            }]
      }, {
            </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">name</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span>: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">flaskapp-demo</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">,
            </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">image</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span>: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">jcdemo/flaskapp</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">,
            </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">ports</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">: [{
                </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">containerPort</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span>: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">5000</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
            }]
      }]
}
}</span></pre>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>二、说明</h2>
<p>定义配置时,指定最新稳定版API<br>配置文件应该存储在集群之外的版本控制仓库中。如果需要,可以快速回滚配置、重新创建和恢复<br>应该使用YAML格式编写配置文件,而不是json。YAML对用户更加友好<br>可以将相关对象组合成单个文件,通常会更容易管理<br>不要没必要指定默认值,简单和最小配置减小错误<br>在注释中说明一个对象描述更好维护</p>
<h2>三、使用YAML创建Pod</h2>
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<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: kube100</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">site
labels:
    app: web
spec:
containers:
    </span>- name: front-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">end
      image: nginx
      ports:
      </span>- containerPort: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">80</span>
    - name: flaskapp-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">demo
      image: jcdemo</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">flaskapp
      ports:
      </span>- containerPort: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">5000</span> </pre>
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<p>apiVersion:此处值是v1,这个版本号需要根据安装的Kubernetes版本和资源类型进行变化,记住不是写死的。<br>kind:此处创建的是Pod,根据实际情况,此处资源类型可以是Deployment、Job、Ingress、Service等。<br>metadata:包含Pod的一些meta信息,比如名称、namespace、标签等信息。<br>spec:包括一些container,storage,volume以及其他Kubernetes需要的参数,以及诸如是否在容器失败时重新启动容器的属性。可在特定Kubernetes API找到完整的Kubernetes Pod的属性。<br>  (1)查看apiVersion</p>
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<pre># kubectl api-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">versions
admissionregistration.k8s.io</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1beta1
apiextensions.k8s.io</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1beta1
apiregistration.k8s.io</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1
apiregistration.k8s.io</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1beta1
apps</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1
apps</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1beta1
apps</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1beta2
authentication.k8s.io</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1
authentication.k8s.io</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1beta1
authorization.k8s.io</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1
authorization.k8s.io</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1beta1
autoscaling</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1
autoscaling</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v2beta1
batch</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1
batch</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1beta1
certificates.k8s.io</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1beta1
events.k8s.io</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1beta1
extensions</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1beta1
networking.k8s.io</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1
policy</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1beta1
rbac.authorization.k8s.io</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1
rbac.authorization.k8s.io</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1beta1
storage.k8s.io</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1
storage.k8s.io</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1beta1
v1</span></pre>
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<p>(2)下面是一个典型的容器定义:</p>
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<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">spec:
containers:
    </span>- name: front-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">end
      image: nginx
      ports:
      </span>- containerPort: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">80</span></pre>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>上述例子只是一个简单的最小定义:一个名字(front-end)、基于nginx的镜像,以及容器将会监听的指定端口号(80)。</p>
<p>除了上述的基本属性外,还能够指定复杂的属性,包括容器启动运行的命令、使用的参数、工作目录以及每次实例化是否拉取新的副本。 还可以指定更深入的信息,例如容器的退出日志的位置。容器可选的设置属性包括:</p>
<p>name、image、command、args、workingDir、ports、env、resource、volumeMounts、livenessProbe、readinessProbe、livecycle、terminationMessagePath、imagePullPolicy、securityContext、stdin、stdinOnce、tty</p>
<p>(3)kubectl创建Pod</p>
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<pre># kubectl create -<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">f test_pod.yaml
pod </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">kube100-site</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span> created</pre>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>四、创建Deployment</h2>
<p>名词解释</p>
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<pre>#test-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">pod
apiVersion: v1 #指定api版本,此值必须在kubectl apiversion中   
kind: Pod #指定创建资源的角色</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">类型   
metadata: #资源的元数据</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">属性   
name: test</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">pod #资源的名字,在同一个namespace中必须唯一   
labels: #设定资源的标签
    k8s</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">app: apache   
    version: v1   
    kubernetes.io</span>/cluster-service: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">true</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   
annotations:            #自定义注解列表   
    </span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> name: String      #自定义注解名字   
spec: #specification of the resource content 指定该资源的内容   
restartPolicy: Always #表明该容器一直运行,默认k8s的策略,在此容器退出后,会立即创建一个相同的容器   
nodeSelector:   #节点选择,先给主机打标签kubectl label nodes kube</span>-node1 zone=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">node1   
    zone: node1   
containers:   
</span>- name: test-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">pod #容器的名字   
    image: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">10.192</span>.<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">21.18</span>:<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">5000</span>/test/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">chat:latest #容器使用的镜像地址   
    imagePullPolicy: Never #三个选择Always、Never、IfNotPresent,每次启动时检查和更新(从registery)images的策略,
                           # Always,每次都检查
                           # Never,每次都不检查(不管本地是否有)
                           # IfNotPresent,如果本地有就不检查,如果没有就拉取
    command: [</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">sh</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">] #启动容器的运行命令,将覆盖容器中的Entrypoint,对应Dockefile中的ENTRYPOINT   
    args: [</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">$(str)</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">] #启动容器的命令参数,对应Dockerfile中CMD参数   
    </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">env</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">: #指定容器中的环境变量   
    </span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> name: str #变量的名字   
      value: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">/etc/run.sh</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> #变量的值   
    resources: #资源管理
      requests: #容器运行时,最低资源需求,也就是说最少需要多少资源容器才能正常运行   
      cpu: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0.1</span> #CPU资源(核数),两种方式,浮点数或者是整数+m,<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0.1</span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">100m,最少值为0.001核(1m)
      memory: 32Mi #内存使用量   
      limits: #资源限制   
      cpu: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0.5</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   
      memory: 1000Mi   
    ports:   
    </span>- containerPort: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">80</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> #容器开发对外的端口
      name: httpd#名称
      protocol: TCP   
    livenessProbe: #pod内容器健康检查的设置
      httpGet: #通过httpget检查健康,返回200</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">399之间,则认为容器正常   
      path: </span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> #URI地址   
      port: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">80</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   
      #host: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">127.0</span>.<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0.1</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> #主机地址   
      scheme: HTTP   
      initialDelaySeconds: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">180</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> #表明第一次检测在容器启动后多长时间后开始   
      timeoutSeconds: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">5</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> #检测的超时时间   
      periodSeconds: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">15</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">#检查间隔时间   
      #也可以用这种方法   
      #exec: 执行命令的方法进行监测,如果其退出码不为0,则认为容器正常   
      #command:   
      #    </span>- <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">cat</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   
      #    </span>- /tmp/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">health   
      #也可以用这种方法   
      #tcpSocket: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">通过tcpSocket检查健康    </span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">      #port: number   
    lifecycle: #生命周期管理   
      postStart: #容器运行之前运行的任务   
      exec:   
          command:   
            </span>- <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">sh</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span>   
            - <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">yum upgrade -y</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   
      preStop:#容器关闭之前运行的任务   
      exec:   
          command: [</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">service httpd stop</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">]   
    volumeMounts:#挂载持久存储卷
    </span>- name: volume #挂载设备的名字,与volumes[*<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">].name 需要对应   
      mountPath: </span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">data #挂载到容器的某个路径下   
      readOnly: True   
volumes: #定义一组挂载设备   
</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> name: volume #定义一个挂载设备的名字   
    #meptyDir: {}   
    hostPath:   
      path: </span>/opt #挂载设备类型为hostPath,路径为宿主机下的/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">opt,这里设备类型支持很多种
    #nfs</span></pre>
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<p>(1)创建一个yaml文件</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
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<pre>apiVersion: apps/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">deployment
spec:
replicas: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">3</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
template:
    metadata:
      labels:
      app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      </span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> name: nginx
      image: nginx:</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1.10</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
      ports:
      </span>- containerPort: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">80</span></pre>
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<p>(2)创建deployment</p>
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<pre># kubectl create -f nginx-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">deployment.yaml
deployment.apps </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">nginx-deployment</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> created
# kubectl get pod -<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">owide
NAME                              READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP            NODE
nginx</span>-deployment-6b7b4d57b4-26wzj   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>       Running   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span>          2m      <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">10.20</span>.<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">184.83</span>    master-<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">01</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
nginx</span>-deployment-6b7b4d57b4-9w7tm   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>       Running   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span>          2m      <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">10.20</span>.<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">190.60</span>    node-<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">01</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
nginx</span>-deployment-6b7b4d57b4-mhh8t   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>       Running   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span>          2m      <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">10.20</span>.<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">254.108</span>   node-<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">03</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
# kubectl get deployment
NAME               DESIRED   CURRENT   UP</span>-TO-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx</span>-deployment   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">3</span>         <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">3</span>         <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">3</span>            <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">3</span>         2m</pre>
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<p>(3)查看标签</p>
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<pre># kubectl get pod --show-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">labels
NAME                              READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       LABELS
nginx</span>-deployment-6b7b4d57b4-26wzj   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>       Running   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span>          3m      app=nginx,pod-template-hash=<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">2636081360</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
nginx</span>-deployment-6b7b4d57b4-9w7tm   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>       Running   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span>          3m      app=nginx,pod-template-hash=<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">2636081360</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
nginx</span>-deployment-6b7b4d57b4-mhh8t   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>       Running   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span>          3m      app=nginx,pod-template-hash=<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">2636081360</span></pre>
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<p>(4)通过标签查找Pod</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre># kubectl get pod -l app=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">nginx
NAME                              READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx</span>-deployment-6b7b4d57b4-26wzj   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>       Running   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">          6m
nginx</span>-deployment-6b7b4d57b4-9w7tm   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>       Running   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">          6m
nginx</span>-deployment-6b7b4d57b4-mhh8t   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>       Running   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span>          6m</pre>
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<p>(5)deployment创建过程</p>
<p>Deployment 管理的是replicaset-controller,RC会创建Pod。Pod自身会下载镜像并启动镜像</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
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<pre># kubectl describe rs nginx-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">deployment
...
...
...
Events:
Type    Reason            Age   From                   Message
</span>----    ------            --------                   -------<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
NormalSuccessfulCreate33m   replicaset</span>-controllerCreated pod: nginx-deployment-6b7b4d57b4-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">9w7tm
NormalSuccessfulCreate33m   replicaset</span>-controllerCreated pod: nginx-deployment-6b7b4d57b4-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">26wzj
NormalSuccessfulCreate33m   replicaset</span>-controllerCreated pod: nginx-deployment-6b7b4d57b4-mhh8t</pre>
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<pre># kubectl describe pod nginx-deployment-6b7b4d57b4-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">26wzj

...
...
...
Events:
Type    Reason               Age   From                Message
</span>----    ------               --------                -------<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
NormalScheduled            36m   default</span>-scheduler   Successfully assigned nginx-deployment-6b7b4d57b4-26wzj to master-<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">01</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
NormalSuccessfulMountVolume36m   kubelet, master</span>-<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">01</span>MountVolume.SetUp succeeded <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">for</span> volume <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">default-token-v5vw9</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
NormalPulled               36m   kubelet, master</span>-<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">01</span>Container image <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">nginx:1.10</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> already present on machine
NormalCreated                36m   kubelet, master</span>-<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">01</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">Created container
NormalStarted                36m   kubelet, master</span>-<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">01</span>Started container</pre>
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<p>(6)升级镜像(nginx1.10–&gt;nginx1.11)</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
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<pre># kubectl set image deploy/nginx-deployment nginx=nginx:<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1.11</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
deployment.apps </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">nginx-deployment</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> image updated

# kubectl exec -it nginx-deployment-b96c97dc-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">2pxjf bash
root@nginx</span>-deployment-b96c97dc-2pxjf:/# nginx -<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">V
nginx version: nginx</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1.11</span>.<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">13</span></pre>
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<p>升级镜像的过程是逐步进行的,pod不会一下子全部关闭,而是一个一个升级</p>
<p>(7)查看发布状态</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre># kubectl rollout status deploy/nginx-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">deployment
deployment </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">nginx-deployment</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span> successfully rolled out</pre>
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<p>(8)查看deployment历史修订版本</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
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<pre># kubectl rollout history deploy/nginx-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">deployment
deployments </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">nginx-deployment</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
REVISIONCHANGE</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">CAUSE
</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>         &lt;none&gt;
<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">2</span>         &lt;none&gt;<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">

# 显示历史有两个版本

# kubectl rollout history deploy/nginx-deployment --revision=<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
deployments </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">nginx-deployment</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span> with revision #<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
Pod Template:
Labels:   app</span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">nginx
    pod</span>-template-hash=<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">2636081360</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
Containers:
   nginx:
    Image:nginx:</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1.10</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
    Port:   </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">80</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">TCP
    Host Port:</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">TCP
    Environment:    </span>&lt;none&gt;<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
    Mounts: </span>&lt;none&gt;<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
Volumes:</span>&lt;none&gt;<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">

# kubectl rollout history deploy/nginx-deployment --revision=<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">2</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
deployments </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">nginx-deployment</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span> with revision #<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">2</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
Pod Template:
Labels:   app</span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">nginx
    pod</span>-template-hash=<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">65275387</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
Containers:
   nginx:
    Image:nginx:</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1.11</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
    Port:   </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">80</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">TCP
    Host Port:</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">TCP
    Environment:    </span>&lt;none&gt;<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
    Mounts: </span>&lt;none&gt;<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
Volumes:</span>&lt;none&gt;</pre>
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<p>(8)编辑deployment</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
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<pre># kubectl edit deploy/nginx-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">deployment


# 将nginx版本改为1.</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">12</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
...
...
...
   spec:
      containers:
      </span>- image: nginx:<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1.12</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
      imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
      name: nginx
      ports:
      </span>- containerPort: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">80</span></pre>
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<p>&nbsp;升级过程:</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
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<pre># kubectl rollout status deploy/nginx-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">deployment
Waiting </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">for</span> rollout to finish: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span> out of <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">3</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> new replicas have been updated...
Waiting </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">for</span> rollout to finish: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span> out of <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">3</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> new replicas have been updated...
Waiting </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">for</span> rollout to finish: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span> out of <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">3</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> new replicas have been updated...
Waiting </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">for</span> rollout to finish: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">2</span> out of <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">3</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> new replicas have been updated...
Waiting </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">for</span> rollout to finish: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">2</span> out of <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">3</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> new replicas have been updated...
Waiting </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">for</span> rollout to finish: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">2</span> out of <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">3</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> new replicas have been updated...
Waiting </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">for</span> rollout to finish: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> old replicas are pending termination...
Waiting </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">for</span> rollout to finish: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> old replicas are pending termination...
deployment </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">nginx-deployment</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span> successfully rolled out</pre>
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<p>(10)扩容/缩容(指定–replicas的数量)</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
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<pre># kubectl get pod
NAME                              READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx</span>-deployment-6b47cf4878-8mjkr   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>       Running   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">          1m
nginx</span>-deployment-6b47cf4878-kr978   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>       Running   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">          1m
nginx</span>-deployment-6b47cf4878-tvhvl   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>       Running   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">          1m

# kubectl scale deploy/nginx-deployment --replicas=<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">5</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
deployment.extensions </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">nginx-deployment</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> scaled

# kubectl get pod
NAME                              READY   STATUS            RESTARTS   AGE
nginx</span>-deployment-6b47cf4878-6r5dz   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>       ContainerCreating   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">          4s
nginx</span>-deployment-6b47cf4878-7sjtt   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>       ContainerCreating   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">          4s
nginx</span>-deployment-6b47cf4878-8mjkr   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>       Running             <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">          2m
nginx</span>-deployment-6b47cf4878-kr978   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>       Running             <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">          2m
nginx</span>-deployment-6b47cf4878-tvhvl   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>/<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>       Running             <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span>          2m</pre>
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<p>(11)创建Service提供对外访问的接口</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<div class="cnblogs_code_toolbar">&nbsp;</div>
<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">service
labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
ports:
</span>- port: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">88</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
    targetPort: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">80</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
selector:
    app: nginx

####
apiVersion: 指定版本

kind: 类型

name: 指定服务名称

labels: 标签

port: Service 服务暴露的端口

targetPort: 容器暴露的端口

seletor: 关联的Pod的标签</span></pre>
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</div>
<p>创建service</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre># kubectl create -f nginx-service.yaml</pre>
</div>
<p>查看service(访问Pod是有负载均衡的)</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre># kubectl get svc/nginx-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">service
NAME            TYPE      CLUSTER</span>-IP       EXTERNAL-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">IP   PORT(S)   AGE
nginx</span>-service   ClusterIP   <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">10.254</span>.<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">131.176</span>   &lt;none&gt;      <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">88</span>/TCP    1m</pre>
</div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<div class="cnblogs_code_toolbar">&nbsp;</div>
<pre># curl <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">10.254</span>.<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">131.176</span>:<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">88</span>

&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;
&lt;html&gt;
&lt;<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">head</span>&gt;
&lt;title&gt;Welcome to nginx!&lt;/title&gt;
&lt;style&gt;<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
   body {
       width: 35em;
       margin: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> auto;
       font</span>-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">serif;
   }
</span>&lt;/style&gt;
&lt;/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">head</span>&gt;
&lt;body&gt;
&lt;h1&gt;Welcome to nginx!&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</span>&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">For online documentation and support please refer to
</span>&lt;a href=<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">http://nginx.org/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span>&gt;nginx.org&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br/&gt;<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
Commercial support is available at
</span>&lt;a href=<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">http://nginx.com/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span>&gt;nginx.com&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Thank you <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">for</span> using nginx.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/body&gt;
&lt;/html&gt;</pre>
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</div>
<p>对service的描述</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<div class="cnblogs_code_toolbar">&nbsp;</div>
<pre># kubectl describe svc/nginx-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">service
Name:            nginx</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">service
Namespace:         default
Labels:            app</span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">nginx
Annotations:       </span>&lt;none&gt;<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
Selector:          app</span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">nginx
Type:            ClusterIP
IP:                </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">10.254</span>.<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">131.176</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
Port:            </span>&lt;unset&gt;<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">88</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">TCP
TargetPort:      </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">80</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">TCP
Endpoints:         </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">10.20</span>.<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">184.19</span>:<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">80</span>,<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">10.20</span>.<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">184.84</span>:<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">80</span>,<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">10.20</span>.<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">190.62</span>:<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">80</span> + <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">2</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">more</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">...
Session Affinity:None
Events:            </span>&lt;none&gt;</pre>
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</div>
<p>(12)回滚到以前的版本</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre># kubectl rollout history deploy/nginx-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">deployment
deployments </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">nginx-deployment</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
REVISIONCHANGE</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">CAUSE
</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>         &lt;none&gt;
<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">2</span>         &lt;none&gt;
<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">3</span>         &lt;none&gt;</pre>
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</div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre># kubectl rollout history deploy/nginx-deployment --revision=<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">3</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
deployments </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">nginx-deployment</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span> with revision #<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">3</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
Pod Template:
Labels:   app</span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">nginx
   pod</span>-template-hash=<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">2603790434</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
Containers:
nginx:
   Image:nginx:</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1.12</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
   Port:   </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">80</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">TCP
   Host Port:</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">TCP
   Environment:    </span>&lt;none&gt;<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
   Mounts: </span>&lt;none&gt;<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
Volumes:</span>&lt;none&gt;</pre>
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</div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"># 回滚到上一个版本
# kubectl rollout undo deploy</span>/nginx-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">deployment
deployment.apps </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">nginx-deployment</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">


# 查看版本
# kubectl describe deploy</span>/nginx-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">deployment
...
...
Labels:app</span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">nginx
Containers:
nginx:
   Image:      nginx:</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1.11</span></pre>
</div>
<p>(13)回滚到指定版本</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre># kubectl rollout history deploy/nginx-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">deployment
deployments </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">nginx-deployment</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
REVISIONCHANGE</span>-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">CAUSE
</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span>         &lt;none&gt;
<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">3</span>         &lt;none&gt;
<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">4</span>         &lt;none&gt;<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">

# 指定版本
# kubectl rollout undo deploy</span>/nginx-deployment --to-revision=<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">1</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
deployment.apps </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">nginx-deployment</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span></pre>
</div>
<h3>附上一个具体的yaml解释文件:</h3>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"># yaml格式的pod定义文件完整内容:
apiVersion: v1       #必选,版本号,例如v1
kind: Pod       #必选,Pod
metadata:       #必选,元数据
name: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">       #必选,Pod名称
namespace: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">    #必选,Pod所属的命名空间
labels:      #自定义标签
    </span>- name: <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   #自定义标签名字
annotations:       #自定义注释列表
    </span>- name: <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
spec:         #必选,Pod中容器的详细定义
containers:      #必选,Pod中容器列表
</span>- name: <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   #必选,容器名称
    image: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">    #必选,容器的镜像名称
    imagePullPolicy: #获取镜像的策略 Alawys表示下载镜像 IfnotPresent表示优先使用本地镜像,否则下载镜像,Nerver表示仅使用本地镜像
    command: [</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">]    #容器的启动命令列表,如不指定,使用打包时使用的启动命令
    args: [</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">]   #容器的启动命令参数列表
    workingDir: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   #容器的工作目录
    volumeMounts:    #挂载到容器内部的存储卷配置
    </span>- name: <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   #引用pod定义的共享存储卷的名称,需用volumes[]部分定义的的卷名
      mountPath: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">    #存储卷在容器内mount的绝对路径,应少于512字符
      readOnly: boolean    #是否为只读模式
    ports:       #需要暴露的端口库号列表
    </span>- name: <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   #端口号名称
      containerPort: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">int</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   #容器需要监听的端口号
      hostPort: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">int</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">    #容器所在主机需要监听的端口号,默认与Container相同
      protocol: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   #端口协议,支持TCP和UDP,默认TCP
    </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">env</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">:       #容器运行前需设置的环境变量列表
    </span>- name: <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   #环境变量名称
      value: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">    #环境变量的值
    resources:       #资源限制和请求的设置
      limits:      #资源限制的设置
      cpu: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span>    #Cpu的限制,单位为core数,将用于docker run --cpu-<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">shares参数
      memory: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span>   #内存限制,单位可以为Mib/Gib,将用于docker run --<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">memory参数
      requests:      #资源请求的设置
      cpu: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">    #Cpu请求,容器启动的初始可用数量
      memory: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   #内存清楚,容器启动的初始可用数量
    livenessProbe:   #对Pod内个容器健康检查的设置,当探测无响应几次后将自动重启该容器,检查方法有exec、httpGet和tcpSocket,对一个容器只需设置其中一种方法即可
      exec:      #对Pod容器内检查方式设置为exec方式
      command: [</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">]#exec方式需要制定的命令或脚本
      httpGet:       #对Pod内个容器健康检查方法设置为HttpGet,需要制定Path、port
      path: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
      port: number
      host: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
      scheme: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
      HttpHeaders:
      </span>- name: <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
          value: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
      tcpSocket:   #对Pod内个容器健康检查方式设置为tcpSocket方式
         port: number
       initialDelaySeconds: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">#容器启动完成后首次探测的时间,单位为秒
       timeoutSeconds: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   #对容器健康检查探测等待响应的超时时间,单位秒,默认1秒
       periodSeconds: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">    #对容器监控检查的定期探测时间设置,单位秒,默认10秒一次
       successThreshold: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
       failureThreshold: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1)">0</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
       securityContext:
         privileged:</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">false</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
    restartPolicy: #Pod的重启策略,Always表示一旦不管以何种方式终止运行,kubelet都将重启,OnFailure表示只有Pod以非0退出码退出才重启,Nerver表示不再重启该Pod
    nodeSelector: obeject#设置NodeSelector表示将该Pod调度到包含这个label的node上,以key:value的格式指定
    imagePullSecrets:    #Pull镜像时使用的secret名称,以key:secretkey格式指定
    </span>- name: <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
    hostNetwork:</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">false</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">      #是否使用主机网络模式,默认为false,如果设置为true,表示使用宿主机网络
    volumes:       #在该pod上定义共享存储卷列表
    </span>- name: <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   #共享存储卷名称 (volumes类型有很多种)
      emptyDir: {}   #类型为emtyDir的存储卷,与Pod同生命周期的一个临时目录。为空值
      hostPath: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   #类型为hostPath的存储卷,表示挂载Pod所在宿主机的目录
      path: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">   #Pod所在宿主机的目录,将被用于同期中mount的目录
      secret:      #类型为secret的存储卷,挂载集群与定义的secre对象到容器内部
      scretname: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
      items:   
      </span>- key: <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
          path: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
      configMap:   #类型为configMap的存储卷,挂载预定义的configMap对象到容器内部
      name: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
      items:
      </span>- key: <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">string</span></pre>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>本文转自:&nbsp;&nbsp;https://blog.csdn.net/BigData_Mining/article/details/88535356</p>
</div><br><br>
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/lgeng/p/11053063.html
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