Axel多线程下载工具使用详解
<p>运维工作中，常常需要下载文件，因为网站下载速度限制或者网络等原因导致下载让人无法忍受，前面有介绍多线程wget工具mwget，提速不少，而且使用很简单。axel使用的人更多，不仅仅安装方法简单，命令更简单。往下看。</p><p><strong>1.1 安装Axel</strong><br><span>1.1 RPM安装Axel（方法一）</span><br>
下载地址：http://pkgs.repoforge.org/axel/</p>
<p>如图，选择适合你服务器的RPM</p>
<div id="attachment_5337" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/20230517/ccd905f57eef9f5f8da89f2fcb89c60c.jpg" width="531" height="365"><p class="wp-caption-text">axel-rpm</p>
</div>
<p> </p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">root@ttlsa # wget http://pkgs.repoforge.org/axel/axel-2.4-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm
root@ttlsa # rpm -ivh axel-2.4-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ###########################################
1:axel ########################################### </pre><p><span>1.2 yum安装Axel（方法二）</span></p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">root@ttlsa # yum install axel</pre><p><span>1.3 apt-get安装Axel</span><br>
如果你是Ubuntu系统</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">$ sudo apt-get install axel</pre><p><strong>2. axel使用详解</strong></p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">root@ttlsa # axel -h
Usage: axel url1
--max-speed=x -s x 最大速度 (字节/秒)
--num-connections=x -n x 最大连接数
--output=f -o f 指定文件名
--search[=x] -S Search for mirrors and download from x servers
--header=x -H x 添加header
--user-agent=x -U x 设置用户代理
--no-proxy -N 不使用任何代理
--quiet -q Leave stdout alone
--verbose -v 显示更多状态信息
--alternate -a 显示简单进度条
--help -h 帮助
--version -V 版本信息</pre><p><strong>3. axel使用实例</strong><br><span>3.1 下载centos</span></p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">root@ttlsa # axel http://mirrors.btte.net/centos/6.5/isos/x86_64/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso
[ 1%] .......... .......... .......... .......... ..........
[ 1%] .......... .......... .......... .......... ..........
[ 1%] .......... .......... .......... .......... ..........
[ 1%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... </pre><p><span>3.2 下载运维生存时间某图片</span></p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">root@ttlsa # axel http://www.ttlsa.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/zabbix-adduser-01.jpg
Initializing download: http://www.ttlsa.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/zabbix-adduser-01.jpg
File size: 73009 bytes
Opening output file zabbix-adduser-01.jpg
Starting download
[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [ 598.0KB/s]
[ 70%] .......... .......... .
Connection 0 finished
Downloaded 71.3 kilobytes in 0 seconds. (710.02 KB/s)</pre><p><span>3.3 简单进度条</span><br>
默认情况下，整个屏幕都是进度条，加上-a参数，进度条类似wget。</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">root@ttlsa # axel -a http://mirrors.btte.net/centos/6.5/isos/x86_64/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso
Initializing download: http://mirrors.btte.net/centos/6.5/isos/x86_64/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso
File size: 4467982336 bytes
Opening output file CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso
Starting download
[ 1%] [ 3.2MB/s] </pre><p><span>3.4 下载限速</span><br>
我们ttlsa的网站带宽有限制，我要保证下载的同时又不影响用户的访问，例如限制为1MB/s的下载速度，如下可以看到速度基本保证在1MB以内。</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">root@ttlsa # axel -s 1024000 http://mirrors.btte.net/centos/6.5/isos/x86_64/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso
Initializing download: http://mirrors.btte.net/centos/6.5/isos/x86_64/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso
File size: 4467982336 bytes
Opening output file CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso
State file found: 30522952 bytes downloaded, 4437459384 to go.
Starting download
,,,,,,,... .......... .......... .......... .......... [ 394.8KB/s]
[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [ 689.2KB/s]
[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [ 879.5KB/s]
[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [ 974.5KB/s]
[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... ..........
[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [ 967.5KB/s]
[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [ 943.8KB/s]
[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... ..........
[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... </pre><p><strong>4. 最后</strong><br>
完成，方法很简单，功能很简单。运维生存时间的服务器以及安装了axel，你的安装了吗？</p>
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