你应该知道的States字段使用规范
<p><span><strong>前言</strong></span></p>
<p>
最近在工作中了遇到了一些内容，觉着有必要和大家分享下，我们为了统一数据库表的状态字段，统一数据库表设计，简化字段在程序开发中的使用方式，下面话不多说了，来一起看看详细的介绍吧。</p>
<p>
<span><strong>解决方式</strong></span></p>
<p>
States对应位域枚举StatesFlags。</p>
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<code class="sql plain">/// <summary></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// 数据状态枚举</code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// </summary></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain"></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain"></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql keyword">public</code> <code class="sql plain">enum StatesFlags</code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">{</code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// <summary></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// 可用状态</code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// </summary></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain"></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain"></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain"></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">Enabled = 1,</code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// <summary></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// 停用状态</code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// </summary></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">Disabled = 1 << 1,</code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// <summary></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// 移除（相当于逻辑删除）</code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// </summary></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain"></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">Removed = 1 << 2,</code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// <summary></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// 已确认（已经审核通过）</code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// </summary></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">Confirmed = 1 << 3,</code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// <summary></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// 锁定</code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// </summary></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// <summary></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// 锁定登录</code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">/// </summary></code>
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<code class="sql spaces"> </code><code class="sql plain">}</code>
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<p>
<span><strong>业务模型使用方式</strong></span></p>
<p>
在业务模型中，需要关注模型的特定状态集，写入新的状态时使用模型中的States， 读取时每一个状态独立提供读取实现。如下图中IsRemoved状态 以后大家一看代码就知道这个模型到底有几个状态</p>
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<code class="plain plain">///<sumary></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// 状态集，写</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">///</sumary></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">public StatesFlags States { get; set; }</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// <summary></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// 只读</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// </summary></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">public bool IsRemoved => States.HasFlag(StatesFlags.Removed);</code>
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<p>
<span><strong>StatesFlags的4个扩展方法</strong></span></p>
<p>
<img title="你应该知道的States字段使用规范" alt="你应该知道的States字段使用规范" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/c9fab4019ffe648529a0a86debb42f3b.jpg"></p>
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<code class="plain plain">/// <summary></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// 数据状态枚举</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// </summary></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">public static class StatesFlagsExtends</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">{</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// <summary></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// 设置可用</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// </summary></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// <param name="states">状态</param></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">public static StatesFlags SetEnable(this StatesFlags states)</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">{</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">if (states.HasFlag(StatesFlags.Disabled)) states = states ^ StatesFlags.Disabled;</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">if (!states.HasFlag(StatesFlags.Enabled)) states = states | StatesFlags.Enabled;</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">return states;</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// <summary></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// 设置停用</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// </summary></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// <param name="states">状态</param></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">public static StatesFlags SetDisable(this StatesFlags states)</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">{</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">if (states.HasFlag(StatesFlags.Enabled)) states = states ^ StatesFlags.Enabled;</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">if (!states.HasFlag(StatesFlags.Disabled)) states = states | StatesFlags.Disabled;</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">return states;</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">}</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// <summary></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// 移除状态</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// </summary></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// <param name="states">状态</param></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// <param name="state">要移除的状态</param></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">public static StatesFlags RemoveState(this StatesFlags states, StatesFlags state)</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">{</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">//也可以通过如下计算去除一个状态states = states & ~StatesFlags.Disabled;</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">return states ^ state;</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">}</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// <summary></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// 附加状态</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// </summary></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// <param name="states">状态</param></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">/// <param name="state">要附加的状态</param></code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">public static StatesFlags AttachState(this StatesFlags states, StatesFlags state)</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">{</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">return states | state;</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">}</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">}</code>
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<p>
由于Enable和Disable是互斥的，所以对应有SetDisable、SetEnable 。其它非互斥状态 提供 AttachState、RemoveState用于附加或移除状态。 如出现新的状态在StatesFlags中添加，状态为位域枚举，使用连续的数字移位操作，增加代码可读性。</p>
<p>
<span><strong>附扩展方式测试代码</strong></span></p>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">public class StatesFlagsTest</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">{</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">public void TestStatesExtends()</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">{</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">//赋初值 在用、锁定、移除</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">var state = StatesFlags.Enabled | StatesFlags.Locked | StatesFlags.Removed;</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">//调用SetDisable方法，设为停用</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">state = state.SetDisable();</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">Assert.IsTrue(!state.HasFlag(StatesFlags.Enabled));</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">Assert.IsTrue(state.HasFlag(StatesFlags.Disabled));</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">//调用SetEnable方法，设为在用</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">state = state.SetEnable();</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">Assert.IsTrue(state.HasFlag(StatesFlags.Enabled));</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">Assert.IsTrue(!state.HasFlag(StatesFlags.Disabled));</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">//调用RemoveState方法，移除状态</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">state = state.RemoveState(StatesFlags.Locked);</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">Assert.IsTrue(!state.HasFlag(StatesFlags.Locked));</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">Assert.IsTrue(state.HasFlag(StatesFlags.Removed));</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">//调用AttachState方法，附加状态</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">state = state.AttachState(StatesFlags.Confirmed);</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">Assert.IsTrue(state.HasFlag(StatesFlags.Confirmed));</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">//直接调用方法，不赋值不能改变states的值</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">state.AttachState(StatesFlags.Locked);</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">Assert.IsTrue(!state.HasFlag(StatesFlags.Locked));</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">}</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">}</code>
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<span><strong>总结</strong></span></p>
<p>
以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了，希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值，如果有疑问大家可以留言交流，谢谢大家对的支持。</p>
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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/WangHuaiSheng/p/7954074.html</p>
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