Linux 6下安装编译安装Nginx的步骤

冰河絶纞 發表於 2023-8-21 00:00:00

<p>
<strong>Linux 6下安装编译安装Nginx的步骤</strong></p>
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<strong>前言：</strong></p>
<p>
Nginx是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器，也是一个IMAP/POP3/SMTP服务器。在高连接并发的情况下，Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品：Nginx在美国是做虚拟主机生意的老板们经常选择的软件平台之一。能够支持高达50,000个并发连接数的响应，而且内存开销极小。这也是Nginx广受欢迎的重要原因。本文演示了基于Linux 6下编译安装Nginx，供大家参考。</p>
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<strong>一、安装环境</strong></p>
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<code class="bash comments"># cat /etc/issue</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.3 (Santiago)</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Kernel \r on an \m</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># nginx -v</code>
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<code class="bash plain">nginx version: nginx</code><code class="bash plain">/1</code><code class="bash plain">.8.0</code>
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<strong>二、配置安装环境</strong></p>
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<code class="bash comments">###为简化安装及配置，此处关闭了防火墙，生产环境建议开启</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># service iptables stop</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># chkconfig iptables off</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># vi /etc/selinux/config </code>
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<code class="bash plain">SELINUX=disabled</code>
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<code class="bash comments">###创建用户及组</code>
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<code class="bash comments">#groupadd -r nginx</code>
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<code class="bash comments">#useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g nginx -r nginx</code>
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<code class="bash comments">###安装环境依赖包 http://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># yum install pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel gcc gcc-c++</code>
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<strong>三、编译及安装Nginx</strong></p>
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<code class="bash comments"># cd /tmp/</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># tar -xvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># cd /nginx-1.8.0</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># ./configure           \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--prefix=</code><code class="bash plain">/etc/nginx</code>                     <code class="bash plain">\</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--sbin-path=</code><code class="bash plain">/usr/sbin/nginx</code>                 <code class="bash plain">\</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--conf-path=</code><code class="bash plain">/etc/nginx/nginx</code><code class="bash plain">.conf              \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--error-log-path=</code><code class="bash plain">/var/log/nginx/error</code><code class="bash plain">.log          \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--http-log-path=</code><code class="bash plain">/var/log/nginx/access</code><code class="bash plain">.log          \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--pid-path=</code><code class="bash plain">/var/run/nginx</code><code class="bash plain">.pid                \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--lock-path=</code><code class="bash plain">/var/run/nginx</code><code class="bash plain">.lock               \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--http-client-body-temp-path=</code><code class="bash plain">/var/cache/nginx/client_temp</code> <code class="bash plain">\</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--http-proxy-temp-path=</code><code class="bash plain">/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp</code>      <code class="bash plain">\</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--http-fastcgi-temp-path=</code><code class="bash plain">/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp</code>    <code class="bash plain">\</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--http-uwsgi-temp-path=</code><code class="bash plain">/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp</code>      <code class="bash plain">\</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--http-scgi-temp-path=</code><code class="bash plain">/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp</code>       <code class="bash plain">\</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--user=nginx                         \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--group=nginx                        \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-http_ssl_module                    \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-http_realip_module                  \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-http_addition_module                 \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-http_sub_module                    \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-http_dav_module                    \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-http_flv_module                    \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-http_mp4_module                    \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-http_gunzip_module                  \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-http_gzip_static_module                \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-http_random_index_module               \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-http_secure_link_module                \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-http_stub_status_module                \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-http_auth_request_module               \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-mail                         \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-mail_ssl_module                    \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-</code><code class="bash functions">file</code><code class="bash plain">-aio                       \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-http_spdy_module                   \</code>
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<code class="bash plain">--with-ipv6                         </code>
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<code class="bash plain">Configuration summary</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">+ using system PCRE library</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">+ using system OpenSSL library</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">+ md5: using OpenSSL library</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">+ sha1: using OpenSSL library</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">+ using system zlib library</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">nginx path prefix: </code><code class="bash string">"/etc/nginx"</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">nginx binary </code><code class="bash functions">file</code><code class="bash plain">: </code><code class="bash string">"/usr/sbin/nginx"</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">nginx configuration prefix: </code><code class="bash string">"/etc/nginx"</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">nginx configuration </code><code class="bash functions">file</code><code class="bash plain">: </code><code class="bash string">"/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">nginx pid </code><code class="bash functions">file</code><code class="bash plain">: </code><code class="bash string">"/var/run/nginx.pid"</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">nginx error log </code><code class="bash functions">file</code><code class="bash plain">: </code><code class="bash string">"/var/log/nginx/error.log"</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">nginx http access log </code><code class="bash functions">file</code><code class="bash plain">: </code><code class="bash string">"/var/log/nginx/access.log"</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">nginx http client request body temporary files: </code><code class="bash string">"/var/cache/nginx/client_temp"</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">nginx http proxy temporary files: </code><code class="bash string">"/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp"</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">nginx http fastcgi temporary files: </code><code class="bash string">"/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp"</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">nginx http uwsgi temporary files: </code><code class="bash string">"/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp"</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">nginx http scgi temporary files: </code><code class="bash string">"/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp"</code>
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<code class="bash comments">###如果apache httpd服务启动，建议先停止或更改端口号</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># service httpd stop</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># mkdir -p /var/cache/nginx/{client_temp,proxy_temp,fastcgi_temp,uwsgi_temp,scgi_temp}</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># make && make install</code>
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<code class="bash comments">###启动nginx</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># ps -ef|grep nginx|grep -v grep</code>
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<code class="bash plain">root   33412   1 0 10:18 ?    00:00:00 nginx: master process </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/sbin/nginx</code> <code class="bash plain">-c </code><code class="bash plain">/etc/nginx/nginx</code><code class="bash plain">.conf</code>
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<code class="bash plain">nginx   33413 33412 0 10:18 ?    00:00:00 nginx: worker process</code>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># netstat -nltp|grep 80</code>
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<code class="bash plain">tcp    0   0 0.0.0.0:80         0.0.0.0:*          LISTEN   33412</code><code class="bash plain">/nginx</code>    </div>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># </code>
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<strong>四、配置nginx为系统服务</strong></p>
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<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
<code class="bash functions">vi</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/init</code><code class="bash plain">.d</code><code class="bash plain">/nginx</code>
</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
<code class="bash preprocessor bold">#!/bin/bash</code>
</div>
<div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server</code>
</div>
<div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># chkconfig: - 85 15</code>
</div>
<div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \</code>
</div>
<div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
<code class="bash comments">#        proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server</code>
</div>
<div class="line number8 index7 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># Author : Leshami</code>
</div>
<div class="line number9 index8 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># Blog : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami      </code>
</div>
<div class="line number10 index9 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># processname: nginx</code>
</div>
<div class="line number11 index10 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid</code>
</div>
<div class="line number12 index11 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf</code>
</div>
<div class="line number13 index12 alt2">
</div>
<div class="line number14 index13 alt1">
<code class="bash comments">#path for nginx binary</code>
</div>
<div class="line number15 index14 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">nginxd=</code><code class="bash plain">/usr/sbin/nginx</code>
</div>
<div class="line number16 index15 alt1">
</div>
<div class="line number17 index16 alt2">
<code class="bash comments">#path for nginx configuration</code>
</div>
<div class="line number18 index17 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">nginx_config=</code><code class="bash plain">/etc/nginx/nginx</code><code class="bash plain">.conf</code>
</div>
<div class="line number19 index18 alt2">
</div>
<div class="line number20 index19 alt1">
<code class="bash comments">#path for nginx pid</code>
</div>
<div class="line number21 index20 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">nginx_pid=</code><code class="bash plain">/var/run/nginx</code><code class="bash plain">.pid</code>
</div>
<div class="line number22 index21 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">RETVAL=0</code>
</div>
<div class="line number23 index22 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">prog=</code><code class="bash string">"nginx"</code>
</div>
<div class="line number24 index23 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># Source function library.</code>
</div>
<div class="line number25 index24 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">. </code><code class="bash plain">/etc/rc</code><code class="bash plain">.d</code><code class="bash plain">/init</code><code class="bash plain">.d</code><code class="bash plain">/functions</code>
</div>
<div class="line number26 index25 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># Source networking configuration.</code>
</div>
<div class="line number27 index26 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">. </code><code class="bash plain">/etc/sysconfig/network</code>
</div>
<div class="line number28 index27 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># Check that networking is up.</code>
</div>
<div class="line number29 index28 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">[ ${NETWORKING} = </code><code class="bash string">"no"</code> <code class="bash plain">] && </code><code class="bash functions">exit</code> <code class="bash plain">0</code>
</div>
<div class="line number30 index29 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">[ -x $nginxd ] || </code><code class="bash functions">exit</code> <code class="bash plain">0</code>
</div>
<div class="line number31 index30 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># Start nginx daemons functions.</code>
</div>
<div class="line number32 index31 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">start() {</code>
</div>
<div class="line number33 index32 alt2">
<code class="bash keyword">if</code> <code class="bash plain">[ -e $nginx_pid ];</code><code class="bash keyword">then</code>
</div>
<div class="line number34 index33 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">  </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"nginx already running...."</code>
</div>
<div class="line number35 index34 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces">  </code><code class="bash functions">exit</code> <code class="bash plain">1</code>
</div>
<div class="line number36 index35 alt1">
<code class="bash keyword">fi</code>
</div>
<div class="line number37 index36 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces">  </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash plain">-n $</code><code class="bash string">"Starting $prog: "</code>
</div>
<div class="line number38 index37 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">  </code><code class="bash plain">daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}</code>
</div>
<div class="line number39 index38 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces">  </code><code class="bash plain">RETVAL=$?</code>
</div>
<div class="line number40 index39 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">  </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code>
</div>
<div class="line number41 index40 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces">  </code><code class="bash plain">[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && </code><code class="bash functions">touch</code> <code class="bash plain">/var/lock/subsys/nginx</code>
</div>
<div class="line number42 index41 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">  </code><code class="bash keyword">return</code> <code class="bash plain">$RETVAL</code>
</div>
<div class="line number43 index42 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
</div>
<div class="line number44 index43 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># Stop nginx daemons functions.</code>
</div>
<div class="line number45 index44 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">stop() {</code>
</div>
<div class="line number46 index45 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash plain">-n $</code><code class="bash string">"Stopping $prog: "</code>
</div>
<div class="line number47 index46 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash plain">killproc $nginxd</code>
</div>
<div class="line number48 index47 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash plain">RETVAL=$?</code>
</div>
<div class="line number49 index48 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code>
</div>
<div class="line number50 index49 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash plain">[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && </code><code class="bash functions">rm</code> <code class="bash plain">-f </code><code class="bash plain">/var/lock/subsys/nginx</code> <code class="bash plain">/var/run/nginx</code><code class="bash plain">.pid</code>
</div>
<div class="line number51 index50 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
</div>
<div class="line number52 index51 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># reload nginx service functions.</code>
</div>
<div class="line number53 index52 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">reload() {</code>
</div>
<div class="line number54 index53 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">  </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash plain">-n $</code><code class="bash string">"Reloading $prog: "</code>
</div>
<div class="line number55 index54 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces">  </code><code class="bash comments">#kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`</code>
</div>
<div class="line number56 index55 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">  </code><code class="bash plain">killproc $nginxd -HUP</code>
</div>
<div class="line number57 index56 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces">  </code><code class="bash plain">RETVAL=$?</code>
</div>
<div class="line number58 index57 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">  </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code>
</div>
<div class="line number59 index58 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
</div>
<div class="line number60 index59 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># See how we were called.</code>
</div>
<div class="line number61 index60 alt2">
<code class="bash keyword">case</code> <code class="bash string">"$1"</code> <code class="bash keyword">in</code>
</div>
<div class="line number62 index61 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">start)</code>
</div>
<div class="line number63 index62 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash plain">start</code>
</div>
<div class="line number64 index63 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash plain">;;</code>
</div>
<div class="line number65 index64 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">stop)</code>
</div>
<div class="line number66 index65 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash plain">stop</code>
</div>
<div class="line number67 index66 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash plain">;;</code>
</div>
<div class="line number68 index67 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">reload)</code>
</div>
<div class="line number69 index68 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash plain">reload</code>
</div>
<div class="line number70 index69 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash plain">;;</code>
</div>
<div class="line number71 index70 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">restart)</code>
</div>
<div class="line number72 index71 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash plain">stop</code>
</div>
<div class="line number73 index72 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash plain">start</code>
</div>
<div class="line number74 index73 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash plain">;;</code>
</div>
<div class="line number75 index74 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">status)</code>
</div>
<div class="line number76 index75 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash plain">status $prog</code>
</div>
<div class="line number77 index76 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash plain">RETVAL=$?</code>
</div>
<div class="line number78 index77 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash plain">;;</code>
</div>
<div class="line number79 index78 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">*)</code>
</div>
<div class="line number80 index79 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash plain">$</code><code class="bash string">"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"</code>
</div>
<div class="line number81 index80 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces">    </code><code class="bash functions">exit</code> <code class="bash plain">1</code>
</div>
<div class="line number82 index81 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">esac</code>
</div>
<div class="line number83 index82 alt2">
<code class="bash functions">exit</code> <code class="bash plain">$RETVAL</code>
</div>
<div class="line number84 index83 alt1">
</div>
<div class="line number85 index84 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># chmod u+x /etc/init.d/nginx </code>
</div>
<div class="line number86 index85 alt1">
</div>
<div class="line number87 index86 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># service nginx start</code>
</div>
<div class="line number88 index87 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">Starting nginx:                      [ OK ]</code>
</div>
<div class="line number89 index88 alt2">
</div>
<div class="line number90 index89 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># ps -ef|grep nginx |grep -v grep</code>
</div>
<div class="line number91 index90 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">root   33534   1 0 10:33 ?    00:00:00 nginx: master process </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/sbin/nginx</code> <code class="bash plain">-c </code><code class="bash plain">/etc/nginx/nginx</code><code class="bash plain">.conf</code>
</div>
<div class="line number92 index91 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">nginx   33535 33534 0 10:33 ?    00:00:00 nginx: worker process </code>
</div>
<div class="line number93 index92 alt2">
</div>
<div class="line number94 index93 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># service nginx stop</code>
</div>
<div class="line number95 index94 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">Stopping nginx:                      [ OK ]</code>
</div>
<div class="line number96 index95 alt1">
</div>
<div class="line number97 index96 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># chkconfig --add nginx</code>
</div>
<div class="line number98 index97 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># chkconfig nginx on</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="codetool" id="codetool">
<div class="code_n">
<textarea></textarea>
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<p>
<strong>五、安装过程中的常见故障</strong></p>
<div class="jb51code">
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<code class="ps plain">./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.</code>
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<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
<code class="ps plain">You can either disable the module by using -</code><code class="ps keyword">-without</code><code class="ps plain">-http_rewrite_module</code>
</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
<code class="ps plain">option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library</code>
</div>
<div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
<code class="ps plain">statically from the source with nginx by using -</code><code class="ps keyword">-with</code><code class="ps keyword">-pcre</code><code class="ps plain">=<path> option.</code>
</div>
<div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
</div>
<div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
<code class="ps plain">./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.</code>
</div>
<div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
<code class="ps plain">You can either disable the module by using -</code><code class="ps keyword">-without</code><code class="ps plain">-http_gzip_module</code>
</div>
<div class="line number8 index7 alt1">
<code class="ps plain">option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library</code>
</div>
<div class="line number9 index8 alt2">
<code class="ps plain">statically from the source with nginx by using -</code><code class="ps keyword">-with</code><code class="ps keyword">-zlib</code><code class="ps plain">=<path> option.</code>
</div>
<div class="line number10 index9 alt1">
<code class="ps comments">### 以上2个错误，请安装相应的依赖包，见本文第二部分：配置安装环境</code>
</div>
<div class="line number11 index10 alt2">
</div>
<div class="line number12 index11 alt1">
<code class="ps comments"># /usr/sbin/nginx </code>
</div>
<div class="line number13 index12 alt2">
<code class="ps plain">nginx: getpwnam(</code><code class="ps string">"nginx"</code><code class="ps plain">) failed</code>
</div>
<div class="line number14 index13 alt1">
<code class="ps comments">### 需要创建nginx用户组及用户</code>
</div>
<div class="line number15 index14 alt2">
</div>
<div class="line number16 index15 alt1">
<code class="ps comments"># /usr/sbin/nginx</code>
</div>
<div class="line number17 index16 alt2">
<code class="ps plain">nginx: mkdir() </code><code class="ps string">"/var/cache/nginx/client_temp"</code> <code class="ps plain">failed (2: No such file or directory)</code>
</div>
<div class="line number18 index17 alt1">
<code class="ps comments">### 需要创建对应的目录</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="codetool" id="codetool">
<div class="code_n">
<textarea></textarea>
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<p>
如有疑问请留言或者到本站社区交流讨论，感谢阅读，希望能帮助到大家，谢谢大家对本站的支持！</p>
<p>
原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/leshami/article/details/51324959</p>

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Linux 6下安装编译安装Nginx的步骤