小小的病毒 發表於 2019-5-27 22:39:00

HTML5中使用EventSource实现服务器发送事件

<p>在HTML5的服务器发送事件中,使用EventSource对象可以接收服务器发送事件的通知。</p>
<p>示例:</p>
<p>es.html</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 1</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;!</span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 255, 1)">DOCTYPE html</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 2</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">html</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 3</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">head</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 4</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">meta </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">charset</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="UTF-8"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 5</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">title</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>Insert title here<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">title</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 6</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">script </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">src</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">script</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 7</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">script </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">src</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="https://cdn.bootcss.com/event-source-polyfill/0.0.9/eventsource.min.js"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">script</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 8</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">head</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 9</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">body</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">10</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">ul </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">id</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="list"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">11</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">ul</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">12</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">script</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">13</span> <span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">var</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> source </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">=</span> <span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> EventSource(</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">test1</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">);
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">14</span> <span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">source.onmessage </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">=</span> <span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">function</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">(event) {
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">15</span>   <span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">var</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> item </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">=</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> $(</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">&lt;li&gt;&lt;/li&gt;</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">).html(event.data);
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">16</span> <span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">    $(</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">#list</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">).append(item);
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">17</span> <span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">}
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">18</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">script</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">19</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">body</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">20</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">html</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span></pre>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>服务端接收我用的是Spring MVC实现的:</p>
<p>Demo1Controller.java</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 1</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">package</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> com.test.controller;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 2</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 3</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">import</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> java.util.Date;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 4</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 5</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">import</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 6</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">import</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 7</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">import</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 8</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)"> 9</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">@Controller
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">10</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">class</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Demo1Controller {
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">11</span>   
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">12</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">    @ResponseBody
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">13</span>   @RequestMapping(value="/test1",produces="text/event-stream;charset=UTF-8"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">)
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">14</span>   <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> String test6() {
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">15</span>         <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span> "retry:5000\ndata:" + <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span> Date().toLocaleString() + "\n\n"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">16</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">    }
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">17</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 128, 1)">18</span> }</pre>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>页面效果:</p>
<p><img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1692/201905/1692-20190527224337880-770082463.png" alt=""></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>这个示例实现了每隔5秒钟从服务器获取当前服务器时间,并输出到页面上。</p>
<p>下面我解释一下关键代码:</p>
<p>es.html网页第7行,是引入了eventsource.min.js脚本,加入这个脚本是为了让IE8及以上版本的IE可以支持EventSource,EventSource在目前所有版本都不支持。在其他主流浏览器如谷歌,火狐等都是支持的</p>
<p>es.html网页第13行,是创建EventSource对象,并建立和服务端请求test1的连接</p>
<p>es.html网页第14行,是用来接收服务端发来的数据,并进行后续操作</p>
<p>java类第13行,需要在注解添加属性produces="text/event-stream;charset=UTF-8",不然会报错:EventSource's response has a charset ("iso-8859-1") that is not UTF-8. Aborting the connection.</p>
<p>java类第15行,是EventSource接收数据的固定格式:retry:${毫秒数}\ndata:${返回数据}\n\n,retry是指每隔多久请求一次服务器,data是指要接收的数据。注意这个retry参数不是必须的,如果不填写,对应的浏览器会有一个默认间隔时间,谷歌默认是3000毫秒,也就是3秒钟。</p><br><br>
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/modou/p/10933968.html
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