CentOS6.5环境安装nginx服务器及负载均衡配置操作详解

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本文实例讲述了centos6.5环境安装nginx服务器及负载均衡配置操作。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

1、下载pcre， 是一个用c语言编写的正则表达式函数库

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[root@localhost pcre-8.36]# cd /tmp/download/ [root@localhost download]# wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.37/pcre-8.37.tar.gz [root@localhost download]# tar zxvf pcre-8.36.tar.gz

2、下载zlib库

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[root@localhost pcre-8.36]# cd /tmp/download/ [root@localhost download]# wget http://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/libpng/zlib/1.2.8/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz [root@localhost download]# tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz cd zlib-1.2.8

4、下载ssl

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[root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]# cd .. [root@localhost download]# wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1p.tar.gz [root@localhost download]# cd openssl-1.0.1c [root@localhost openssl-1.0.1c]# tar -zxvf openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz

5、下载nginx

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1 2	[root@localhost download]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz [root@localhost download]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz

6、安装

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[root@localhost download]mv pcre-8.36 /usr/local/ [root@localhost download]mv zlib-1.2.8 /usr/local/ [root@localhost download]mv openssl-1.0.1c /usr/local/ [root@localhost download]mv nginx-1.2.8 /usr/local/ [root@localhost download]cd /usr/local/ [root@localhost local]# cd pcre-8.36 [root@localhost pcre-8.36]# ./configure&&make&&make install [root@localhost pcre-8.36] cd ../zlib-1.2.8 [root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]# ./configure && make && make install [root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]# cd ../openssl-1.0.1c [root@localhost openssl-1.0.1c]# ./config && make && make install [root@localhost openssl-1.0.1c]# cd ../nginx-1.2.8 [root@localhost nginx-1.2.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx && make && make install

7、启动nginx

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1	[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

8、测试

在确保可以连接到服务器的电脑上，浏览器输入装了nginx的机器的ip地址，会看到welcome to nginx!的提示说明安装配配置成功了。

9、设置开机自动启动（shell脚本处理）

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1	[root@localhost logs]# vi /etc/init.d/nginx

添加以下shell脚本。

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#!/bin/bash # nginx startup script for the nginx http server # it is v.0.0.2 version. # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server. #       it has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone. # processname: nginx # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid # config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf nginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf nginx_pid=/var/run/nginx.pid retval=0 prog="nginx" # source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network # check that networking is up. [ ${networking} = "no" ] && exit 0 [ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0 # start nginx daemons functions. start() { if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then   echo "nginx already running...."   exit 1 fi   echo -n $"starting $prog: "   daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}   retval=$?   echo   [ $retval = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx   return $retval } # stop nginx daemons functions. stop() {     echo -n $"stopping $prog: "     killproc $nginxd     retval=$?     echo     [ $retval = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx.pid } # reload nginx service functions. reload() {   echo -n $"reloading $prog: "   #kill -hup `cat ${nginx_pid}`   killproc $nginxd -hup   retval=$?   echo } # see how we were called. case "$1" in start)     start     ;; stop)     stop     ;; reload)     reload     ;; restart)     stop     start     ;; status)     status $prog     retval=$?     ;; *)     echo $"usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"     exit 1 esac exit $retval

保存后，设置权限让所有人可以操作。

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[root@localhost ~]# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nginx [root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx status nginx (pid 2417 2416) is running... [root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx stop stopping nginx: [ ok ] [root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx start starting nginx: [ ok ] [root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx status nginx (pid 2454 2452) is running... [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/rc.local

添加：

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1	/etc/init.d/nginx start

重启电脑就会生效。

注意：脚本里面关于启动目录的，如果你的安装地址不一样，要进行修改。

负载均衡配置：

现有两部服务器：

192.168.137.197     （按照以上操作安装有nginx，作为转发机，虚拟机）
192.168.137.33     （无安装nginx，运行有测试用的web工程，虚拟机）
10.10.33.59    （无安装nginx，运行有测试用的web工程，本地电脑地址）
，运行有测试用的web工程
127.0.0.1 web_app

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1	[root@a conf]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

配置如下展示：

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worker_processes 8; pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid; worker_rlimit_nofile 102400; events { use epoll; worker_connections 102400; } http {  include    mime.types;  default_type application/octet-stream;  fastcgi_intercept_errors on;  charset utf-8;  server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;  client_header_buffer_size 4k;  large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;  client_max_body_size 300m;  sendfile on;  tcp_nopush   on;  keepalive_timeout 60;  tcp_nodelay on;  client_body_buffer_size 512k;  proxy_connect_timeout  5;  proxy_read_timeout    60;  proxy_send_timeout    5;  proxy_buffer_size    16k;  proxy_buffers      4 64k;  proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;  proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;  gzip on;  gzip_min_length 1k;  gzip_buffers   4 16k;  gzip_http_version 1.1;  gzip_comp_level 2;  gzip_types    text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;  gzip_vary on; ###2012-12-19 change nginx logs log_format main '$http_x_forwarded_for - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '        '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '        '"$http_user_agent" $request_time $remote_addr'; upstream web_app { server 192.168.137.197:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; server 192.168.137.33:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.33.59:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; } ####chinaapp.sinaapp.com server {   listen 80;   server_name chinaapp.sinaapp.com;   index index.jsp index.html index.htm;   #发布目录/data/www   root /data/www;   location /   {   proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;   proxy_set_header host $host;   proxy_set_header x-real-ip $remote_addr;   proxy_set_header x-forwarded-for $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;   proxy_pass http://web_app;   expires   3d;   }  } }

设置host：

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1	[root@a conf]# vi /etc/hosts

添加hosts：

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1	127.0.0.1 web_app

启动nginx

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1	[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

启动三部服务器的web应用：

在192.168.137.197执行指令：

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1	[root@a program]# curl "http://web_app/index.jsp"

测试结果如下：

常见问题及解决办法：

1、安装pcre时提示configure: error: you need a c++ compiler for c++ support.

原因是没有安装c++编译器，采用下面的命令安装：

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1	[root@localhost pcre-8.37]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++

2、启动nginx失败

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1 2	[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx: error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1: cannot open shared object file: no such file or directory

原因是64bit的系统，但是默认取了/usr/local/lib里面的包

检查方法：

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[root@localhost nginx]# cd /usr/local/ [root@localhost local]# ls /lib64/ |grep pcre libpcre.so.0 libpcre.so.0.0.1 [root@localhost local]# ls /lib/ |grep pcre

说明缺失的包在lib64

设置软连接来解决：

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[root@localhost local]# ln -s /lib64/libpcre.so.0.0.1 /lib64/libpcre.so.1 [root@localhost local]# cd nginx [root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

3、启动报错：

报错：nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: address already in use)

解决办法：sudo fuser -k 80/tcp

端口被占用，关闭占用端口

希望本文所述对大家centos服务器配置有所帮助。

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/hanzheng260561728/article/details/51884108